An accessible though mostly familiar analysis of the Catch-22s in
women's professional lives. Childless women are frequently regarded
as cold, calculating careerists, yet mothers are often dismissed as
unambitious, says Jamieson (dean of the Annenberg School of
Communications/Univ. of Pennsylvania; Dirty Politics, 1992, etc.).
She elaborates on several such paradoxes: In addition to motherhood
and childlessness, women are punished for silence and speech,
futility and fertility, masculinity and femininity. Jamieson draws
a lucid, often entertaining, and at times shocking portrait of
contemporary attitudes toward women leaders, which includes a
careful chronology of Hillary Rodham Clinton's infamous "cookies
and tea" debacle. Though she herself devotes a good deal of space
to the obstacles women face, Jamieson strenuously attacks what she
calls "victim feminism" and its supposed dichotomies. She is
particularly hard on Susan Faludi's 1991 bestseller, Backlash, for
emphasizing Reagan/Bush-era assaults on women's progress over that
decade's feminist gains. The author persuasively argues that women
are actively and inventively subverting double binds, not least by
calling attention to them: Representative Pat Schroeder, when asked
how she could be both a member of Congress and a mother, replied,
"Because I have a uterus and a brain, and I intend to use them
both." Unfortunately, Jamieson's attack on Faludi is based on
exactly the kind of either/or thinking she is trying to counter.
Women have obviously experienced both progress and backlash; Faludi
never said the two were mutually exclusive. Feminists have applied
the concept of the double bind to women's lives before, so Jamieson
is not breaking new ground here. Nor is she original in attacking
"victim feminism," a reductive and overused phrase used against
anyone thought to exaggerate women's oppression. Some worn and
frayed paradigms, but also some clear-headed, steely optimism about
feminist resistance. (Kirkus Reviews)
"I can remember," says lawyer Flo Kennedy, "going to court in pants and the judge remarking that I wasn't properly dressed, that the next time I came to court I should be dressed like a lawyer." It was a moment painfully familiar to countless women: a demand that she conform to a stereotype of feminine dress and behavior--which would also mark her as an intruder, rising above her assigned station (as the saying goes, she dared to "wear the pants" in the courtroom). Kennedy took one look at the judge's robe--essentially "a long black dress gathered at the yoke"--and said, "Judge, if you won't talk about what I'm wearing, I won't talk about what you're wearing."
In Beyond the Double Bind, Kathleen Hall Jamieson takes her cue from Kennedy's comeback to argue that the catch-22 that often blocks women from success can be overcome. Sparking her narrative with potent accounts of the many ways women have beaten the double bind that would seem to damn them no matter what they choose to do, Jamieson provides a rousing and emphatic denouncement of victim feminism and the acceptance of inevitable failure. As she explores society's interlaced traps and restrictions, she draws on hundreds of interviews with women from all walks of life to show the ways they cut through them. Kennedy, for example, faced the bind that insists that women cannot be both feminine and competent--and then demands that they be feminine first; she undermined that trap with wry wit. Ruth Bader Ginsberg attacked the same quandary head-on: when she heard that her law-school nickname was "bitch," she replied, "Better bitch than mouse." Jamieson explores the full range of such double binds (the uterus-brain bind, for example--"you can't conceive children and ideas at the same time"; or the assertion, "You are too special to be equal"), offering a roadmap for moving past these barricades to advancement. Unlike other breakthrough feminist writers, she finds grounds for optimism in areas ranging from slow improvements in women's earnings to newly effective legal remedies, from growing social awareness to the determination and skill of individual women who are fighting the double bind.
Jamieson is a widely sought-after authority on politics and communications; this book marks a dramatic new departure for her, one certain to win widespread attention. With intensive research and incisive analysis, she provides a landmark account of the binds that ensnare women's lives--and the ways they can overcome them.
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