This book clarifies the musical dramaturgy of comedy writer and
musician Luiz Carlos Martins Penna (1815-48) - a notion that
encompasses both the theatrical text and its performance. The
corpus for this analysis is composed of twelve comedies by Martins
Penna written between 1833 and 1846, divided into three groups,
which I have called Lundu, Aria, and Alleluia. The sound universe
made up by the three groups of comedies covers African-Brazilian
genres and musical-choreographic styles (batuque, fado, lundu,
miudinho, muquirao), the transnational urban popular universe
(lundu, tirana, quadrilha, marcha, waltz, caxuxa, tonadilla,
polka), and modinhas and Italian opera, in addition to romantic
concertos, Gregorian chant and Iberian religious theater (loas). To
evaluate the multiple meanings acquired by the musical allusions
inserted into the comedy texts and theatrical performances, this
research reveals the network which included the author, actors,
theater owners, publishers and the public, and other agents, such
as black Catholic irmandades (brotherhoods), Freemasonry, and
institutions linked to the imperial government. The sound universe
of the comedies of Martins Penna are compared to the comedic axes
of the Western theatrical tradition (a study of situations and
characters) and the axes of performance (solo and chorus),
contemplating the relationship between the repertoires written by
Martins Penna and the repertoires of Brazilians and Portuguese
artists, a mix of actors, singers and dancers, who performed in his
comedies. The research questions the notion of authorship and
reveals the importance of the partnership between theatrical
writers, artists and publishers, through which the comedies of
Martins Penna have reached the second half of the nineteenth
century through the present.
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