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White Elephants on Campus - The Decline of the University Chapel in America, 1920-1960 (Paperback)
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White Elephants on Campus - The Decline of the University Chapel in America, 1920-1960 (Paperback)
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In White Elephants on Campus: The Decline of the University Chapel
in America, 1920-1960, Margaret M. Grubiak persuasively argues,
through a careful selection of case studies, that the evolution of
the architecture of new churches and chapels built on campuses
reveals the shifting and declining role of religion within the
mission of the modern American university. According to Grubiak,
during the first half of the twentieth century, university leaders
tended to view architecture as a means of retaining religion within
an increasingly scientific and secular university. Initially, the
construction of large-scale chapels was meant to advertise
religion's continued importance to the university mission. Lavish
neo-Gothic chapels at historically Protestant schools, although
counter to traditional Protestant imagery, were justified as an
appeal to students' emotions. New cathedral-style libraries and
classroom buildings also re-imagined a place for religion on
campuses no longer tied to their founding religious denominations.
Despite such attempts to reframe religion for the modern
university, Grubiak shows that by the 1960s the architectural
styles of new religious buildings had changed markedly. Postwar
university chapels projected a less distinct image, with their
small scale and intentionally nondenominational focus. By the
mid-twentieth century, the prewar chapels had become "white
elephants." They are beautiful, monumental buildings that
nevertheless stand outside the central concerns of the modern
American university. Religious campus architecture had lost its
value in an era where religion no longer played a central role in
the formation and education of the American student. "White
Elephants on Campus is a provocative and engaging look at the
university campus chapel in the twentieth century. The author
skillfully combines social, educational, religious, and
architectural history to illuminate a phenomenon neglected both by
scholars and its intended users." -Peter W. Williams, emeritus,
Miami University "In this important new book, Margaret Grubiak
tells the fascinating story of how religion declined on
twentieth-century American campuses and yet, at the same time,
administrators persisted in building college chapels, including
some of great size and striking architectural merit. This
well-written and thoroughly researched account reveals much about
American architecture but even more about the larger cultural
retreat from Protestantism by the nation's intellectual elites. We
have long needed such a study, and Grubiak has done a masterful job
in presenting it." -W. Barksdale Maynard, Princeton University
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