In most countries around the world, women continue to lag behind
men in an array of political orientations and activities.
Understanding why this is the case and why some countries have been
more successful than others at moderating gender gaps in political
involvement is imperative for producing stronger and more
representative democracies. Cultural, socioeconomic, and political
factors explain some of the gender gaps in political involvement,
but not all of them. In this book, the authors argue that electoral
institutions attenuate gender gaps in mass political engagement and
participation by drawing women, an 'undertapped' constituency, into
the democratic process. Using cross-national and country-specific
analyses, the authors show that electoral institutions play a
complementary and significant role in reducing gender gaps in
political involvement. The cross-national analyses draw on
comparative survey data from a wide range and large number of
countries. The case studies draw out the processes underlying
changes in political attitudes and behaviors with evidence from
four country studies: New Zealand, Russia, France, and Uruguay. All
four countries have altered their electoral institutions, either
through large-scale reform of the electoral system itself or
adopting gender quotas, allowing the authors to examine patterns of
political involvement pre- and post-reform. The book finds that
inclusive electoral systems that produce more proportional
electoral outcomes have larger effects on women's political
engagement and participation than on men's. Gender quotas also
mediate women's engagement and participation, but to a lesser
degree. On the whole, the book concludes that electoral rules
designed to promote social inclusion in parliament are critical for
promoting social group inclusion among the electorate. Comparative
Politics is a series for students, teachers, and researchers of
political science that deals with contemporary government and
politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by
a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour.
The series is published in association with the European Consortium
for Political Research. For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu.
The Comparative Politics Series is edited by Professor David M.
Farrell, School of Politics and International Relations, University
College Dublin, Kenneth Carty, Professor of Political Science,
University of British Columbia, and Professor Dirk Berg-Schlosser,
Institute of Political Science, Philipps University, Marburg.
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