Jet impingement cooling of a hypersonic airfoil leading edge is
experimentally investigated using thermochromic liquid crystals
(TLCS) to measure surface temperature. The experiment uses computer
data acquisition with digital imaging of the TLCs to determine heat
transfer coefficients during a transient experiment. The data
reduction relies on analysis of a coupled transient conduction -
convection heat transfer problem that characterizes the experiment.
The recovery temperature of the jet is accounted for by running two
experiments with different heating rates, thereby generating a
second equation that is used to solve for the recovery temperature.
The resulting solution requires a complicated numerical iteration
that is handled by a computer. Because the computational data
reduction method is complex, special attention is paid to error
assessment. The error analysis considers random and systematic
errors generated by the instrumentation along with errors generated
by the approximate nature of the numerical methods. Results of the
error analysis show that the experimentally determined heat
transfer coefficients are accurate to within 15%. The error
analysis also shows that the recovery temperature data may be in
error by more than 50%. The results show that the recovery
temperature data is only reliable when the recovery temperature of
the jet is greater than 5 C, i.e. the jet velocity is in excess of
100 m/s. Parameters that were investigated include nozzle width,
distance from the nozzle exit to the airfoil surface, and jet
velocity. Heat transfer data is presented in graphical and tabular
forms. An engineering analysis of hypersonic airfoil leading edge
cooling is performed using the results from these experiments.
Several suggestions for the improvement of the experimental
technique are discussed.
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