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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Social & political philosophy
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In Praise of Skepticism - Trust but Verify (Paperback)
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In Praise of Skepticism - Trust but Verify (Paperback)
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A culture of trust is usually claimed to have many public
benefits-by lubricating markets, managing organizations,
legitimating governments, and facilitating collective action. Any
signs of its decline are, and should be, a matter of serious
concern. Yet, In Praise of Skepticism recognizes that trust has two
faces. Confidence in anti-vax theories has weakened herd immunity.
Faith in Q-Anon conspiracy theories triggered insurrection.
Disasters flow from gullible beliefs in fake Covid-19 cures, Madoff
pyramid schemes, Russian claims of Ukrainian Nazis, and the Big Lie
denying President Biden's legitimate election. Trustworthiness
involves an informal social contract by which principals authorize
agents to act on their behalf in the expectation that they will
fulfill their responsibilities with competency, integrity, and
impartiality, despite conditions of risk and uncertainty. Skeptical
judgments reflect reasonably accurate and informed predictions
about agents' future actions based on their past performance and
guardrails deterring dishonesty, mendacity, and corruption. We
should trust but verify. Unfortunately, assessments are commonly
flawed. Both cynical beliefs (underestimating performance) and
credulous faith (over-estimating performance) involve erroneous
judgements reflecting cultural biases, poor cognitive skills, and
information echo chambers. These conclusions draw on new evidence
from the European Values Survey/World Values Survey conducted among
over 650,000 respondents in more than 100 societies over four
decades. In Praise of Skepticism warns that an excess of credulous
trust poses serious and hitherto unrecognized risks in a world full
of seductive demagogues playing on our insecurities, lying
swindlers exploiting our greed, and silver-tongued conspiracy
theorists manipulating our darkest fears.
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