The prediction of earthquakes is becoming more and more
important and for almost twenty years the earthquake prone area of
South Iceland has been a major research target in the framework of
an international project on earthquake risk mitigation.
Geodynamically, Iceland is the most active region of the
Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
are frequent and the boundary conditions related to plate tectonics
are relatively simple. High quality monitoring networks were
therefore installed there in the last few years and much data was
collected before and after two big earthquakes in 2000. The main
objective of the first large scale cooperation on the SIL project
in 1988 was to construct an automatic seismic evaluation system to
make use of information which is carried almost continuously by
microearthquakes from the earthquake zone. Such small earthquakes,
down to magnitude zero, provide the most detailed space-time
information of active faults, stresses, fracture criticality and
stability in the crust. More projects followed, with a broader
observational basis, to study the physics of the tectonic
processes.
Professor Ragnar Stefansson is preeminently qualified to write
this book since he initiated and led the build up of geohazard
monitoring systems in Iceland, providing hazard analysis,
assessements and warnings. From 1966 to 2003 he was head of the
Department of Geophysics of the Icelandic Meteorological Office
(IMO), he was then head of IMO's Research Unit at the University of
Akureyrifrom 2004 until 2005, and since January 2006, he has been
Professor at the Universit of Akueryri. Between 1987 and 2005 he
lead several mulitdisciplinary European projects in the field of
earthquake prediction research."
General
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