The increasing globalization of financial markets has resulted
in a substantial increase in net private capital flows to
developing countries, primarily the emerging economies of Asia,
Eastern Europe, and Latin America. Until recently, investors have
ignored opportunities in Africa. African markets caught investors'
attention in 1994 with Kenya's 179% U.S. dollar returns leading
world equity markets, along with six of the world's top ten markets
being in Africa. With low levels of correlation between African and
developed world markets, the African exchanges represent ideal
portfolio diversification opportunities. Moreover, rates of return
for African investments are among the highest returns in the world,
yet African nations have not attracted the foreign direct
investment that is required to change their economies.
Dr. Clark's research examines the nature and evolution of
Africa's emerging securities markets and their role in regional
economic development. He shows that the continent's trading systems
represent many different trading arrangements without standardized
rules and procedures. African countries continue to implement
reforms to strengthen the development of financial markets, but
without the appropriate market microstructure and custodial
arrangements international investors will not provide African
projects with the equity capital required for further development.
The government's role in the regulation of developing equity
markets, therefore, is a critical element to the success of the
reform process. Clark argues that freeing the economies to
international competition will reap significant dividends for the
continent's emerging economies. As the markets evolve, structural
impediments will reduce, leading to increased efficiencies and
lower capital costs.
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