George Kennan and Hans Morgenthau argued that moralistic and
legalistic beliefs bound Wilsonian internationalists to policies
outside the national interest. Establishing their claims in the
decade following World War II, Kennan and Morgenthau contended that
the United States had over-extended its commitments, an
interpretation that came to dominate opponents' criticisms of
Wilson and his followers. Bucklin shows, after careful examination
of the evidence, that the policies that Wilsonians advocated from
1919 to 1954 were generally in concert with those of the realists.
Wilsonians understood balance of power politics, sought the
professionalization of the Foreign Service, advocated diplomacy,
and demonstrated an acute understanding of the long-term national
interest.
After establishing the basis of the Kennan/Morgenthau thesis,
Bucklin provides a comparative analysis between the policies of
Wilson and his disciples and those of Kennan and Morgenthau. This
study is based upon an examination of the papers and voluminous
publications of three prominent Wilsonians: Quincy Wright,
Frederick Schuman, and Denna Fleming, as well as the writings of
Kennan and Morgenthau. Beginning with a detailed study of Woodrow
Wilson's foreign policy, Bucklin presents the case that Wilson's
policies were designed to meet the national interest. The test
continues with a consideration of American policies in the
inter-war years, World War II, and the first decade of the Cold War
to include collective security, neutrality, appeasement, and
containment. Efforts to label the Wilsonians as idealistic fail
when put to the test of the realists.
General
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