Neurocognitive and Physiological Factors During High-Tempo
Operations features world-renowned scientists conducting
groundbreaking research into the basic mechanisms of stress effects
on the human body and psyche, as well as introducing novel
pharmaceutics and equipment that can rescue or improve maximal
performance during stress. Its focus is on the military model as an
exemplar for high-stress environments, the best for understanding
human performance under stress, both in the short-term as well as
in the long-term. The unprecedented demands on the modern soldier
include constantly shifting enemy threat levels and tactics,
ambiguous loyalties, rapidly evolving weaponry, and the need to
amass, comprehend, retain, and act upon large datasets of
information. During high-tempo operations, soldiers must maintain
superior cognitive and physical skill levels throughout extended
periods of little to no sleep. Furthermore, although a soldier
fresh from training may perform at peak skill, the effects of
cognitive and physical strain and sleeplessness during deployment
can impair his or her ability to transfer instructional knowledge
to complex real-life situations. It is necessary to understand how
intense workloads, both mental and physical, combine with total
sleep deprivation to alter soldier situation awareness,
decision-making, and physical abilities. The resulting knowledge
can be used to design rapid, deployable fitness-for-duty measures,
alter training protocols, and assess training efficacy in order to
enable decision-makers to act at peak ability during high
operations tempo. In addition, dual-use applications of resulting
knowledge and technology extend well into the civilian sector, to
law-enforcement officers, healthcare professionals, and emergency
responders. The book differs from many previous human factors
publications by presenting state-of-the-art neuroscience data in a
format that is comprehensible and informative for readers of
diverse backgrounds. It not only details human behaviors and
perception, but also provides concise brain imagery and
physiological findings to support its conclusions. In addition, the
incorporation of the US Army soldier model of extreme stress and
extreme performance demands provides a real-life theme that anchors
the scientific, organizational, assessment and response aspects of
each chapter. This book synthesizes hard facts with real-life
accounts of performing under stress and shows how a large oversight
institution like the US Army can measure and improve human factors
considerations for its members.
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