The driving force of Minangkabau history arises from the struggle
to build a balanced social order on a convergence of seemingly
contradictory social and cultural aspects. From the time when Islam
was conceived as a pillar of the Minangkabau world, the history of
Minangkabau has been dominated by an effort to attain an acceptable
equilibrium between the doctrine of a universal religion and the
wisdom and ideals of the pre-existing pillar, the indigenous
element or adat. The idea that Islam is an inseparable part of
Minangkabau has generated constant internal struggle. A traditional
notion that ideas which came from the outside world (the rantau)
might endanger the foundation of Minangkabau or stimulate
disturbing potentialities already inherent in it resulted in
ambivalence toward Western-oriented modernization. The purpose of
this study is to trace the development of the Kaum Muda movement
and to inquire into its intellectual and social impact on
Minangkabau. The principal actors were actually from the second
generation of Islamic modernists, the students of the Kaum Muda
ulama. We will examine the way they confronted their social and
political environment; the path they followed in carrying out their
various programs; their encounter with the Dutch government; and
their relationship with the adat authorities. We will seek to
determine the impact of the activities and intellectual development
of these young Islamic modernists upon their own group and upon
their relationship with their former mentors, the Kaum Muda ulama.
For this reason, the study concentrates on the period beginning in
early 1927 and ending with the third quarter of 1933.- Taufik
Abdullah
General
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