Spermatozoa is the basic human male germ cell. This gametocyte
plays an important role in fertilisation. In the past five years,
new improvements in diagnosis have allowed us to assess male
fertility potential with a new perspective studying with
demonstrated role in sperm physiology. Furthermore, it is
demonstrated that infertile men have high levels of sperm DNA
damages and a small percentage of spermatozoa from fertile men also
possess detectable levels of DNA damage. This book examines several
of the factors that may be involved in sperm chromatin and DNA
anomalies, including intra and extra testicular factors.
Furthermore, sperm capacitation is a complex physiological process
that involves biochemical, biophysical, molecular and metabolic
modifications of all sperm domains. Some important events related
to the capacitation process of sperm is examined as well. The
biological role of the proteasome during sperm capacitation and the
acrosome reaction and its relationship with protein phosphorylation
and dephosphorylation during these processes is explored as well.
Other chapters in this book highlight the pivotal role of
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis in the diagnosis of
human sperm pathologies, the barrier methods currently available to
men for regulating their fertility, a discussion of the current
understanding of gene transfer to the testis, a new perspectives
for the study of mycoplasmal and chlamydial infections of human
spermatozoa and a discussion of the present current knowledge on
the mechanisms, molecules and cell signalling involved in sperm
activating ability.
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