When Rainer Decker was researching a sensational
seventeenth-century German witchcraft trial, he discovered, much to
his surprise, that in this case the papacy functioned as a force of
skepticism and restraint. His curiosity piqued, he tried
unsuccessfully to gain access to a secret Vatican archive housing
the records of the Roman Inquisition that had been sealed to
outsiders from its sixteenth-century beginnings. In 1996 Decker was
one of the first of a small group of scholars allowed access.
Originally published as "Die Papste und die Hexen, " Witchcraft and
the Papacy is based on these newly available materials and traces
the role of the papacy in witchcraft prosecutions from medieval
times to the eighteenth century. Decker found that although the
medieval church did lay the foundation for witch hunts of the
sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, the postmedieval papacy, and the
Roman and Spanish Inquisitions, played the same kind of skeptical,
restraining role during the height of the witch-hunting frenzy in
Germany and elsewhere in Europe as it had in the trial that was the
initial focus of his research. "Witchcraft and the Papacy"
overturns a large body of scholarship that confuses the medieval
papacy with its markedly skeptical successors, and that mistakenly
portrays the papacy as fanning rather than quelling the flames of
the witchcraft mania sweeping northern Europe from the
mid-sixteenth century onward.
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