Cell-free protein expression promises to narrow the technological gap between DNA and protein technologies and provide a platform for broad application of synthetic biology principles in the Life Sciences. It is a rapid and high throughput methodology for the conversion of DNA encoded genetic information into protein-mediated biochemical activities. Cell-Free Protein Synthesis: Methods and Protocols brings together the key opinion leaders of cell-free technology development and provides case studies and detailed protocols for the application of cell-free methodology. Chapters cover the main directions in the development of cell-free technologies including several recently developed cell-free systems, as well as a number of applications of cell-free systems ranging from discovery of biofuel enzymes to in vitro assembly of viruses. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Cell-Free Protein Synthesis: Methods and Protocols seeks to serve a wide variety of scientists with its well-honed methodologies.

While basic features of polarons were well recognized a long time ago and have been described in a number of review papers and textbooks, interest in the role of electron-phonon interactions and polaron dynamics in di?- ent materials has recently gone through a vigorous revival. Electron-phonon interactions have been shown to be relevant in many inorganic and organic semiconductors and polymers, colossal magnetoresistance oxides, and tra- port through nanowires and quantum dots also often depends on vibronic displacements of ions. These interactions presumably play a role in hi- temperature superconductors as well. The continued interest in polarons extends beyond the physical description of advanced materials. The ?eld has been a testing ground for analytical, semi-analytical, and numerical techniques, such as path integrals, strong-coupling perturbation expansion, advanced variational methods, exact diagonalization, Quantum Monte Carlo, and other techniques. This book reviews some recent developments in the ?eld of polarons, starting with the basics and covering a number of active directions of research. Single- and multipolaron theories have o?ered more insight into colossal magnetoresistance and in a broad spectrum of ph- ical properties of structures with reduced dimension and dimensionality such as transport, optical absorption, Raman scattering, photoluminescence, magneto-optics, etc. While nobody - at present - has a ?nal theory of hi- temperature superconductivity, we discuss one alternative (polaronic) route. We have bene?ted from discussions with many experts in the ?eld.

This book throws a lifeline to designers wading through mounds of antenna array patents looking for the most suitable systems for their projects. Drastically reducing the research time required to locate solutions to the latest challenges in automotive communications, it sorts and systematizes material on cutting-edge antenna arrays that feature multi-element communication systems with enormous potential for the automotive industry. These new systems promise to make driving safer and more efficient, opening up myriad applications, including vehicle-to-vehicle traffic that prevents collisions, automatic toll collection, vehicle location and fine-tuning for cruise control systems. This book's exhaustive coverage begins with currently deployed systems, frequency ranges and key parameters. It proceeds to examine system geometry, analog and digital beam steering technology (including "smart" beams formed in noisy environments), maximizing signal-to-noise ratios, miniaturization, and base station technology that facilitates in-car connectivity while on the move. An essential guide for technicians working in a fast-developing field, this new volume will be warmly welcomed as a powerful aid in their endeavors.

There is a growing understanding that the progress of the conventional silicon technology will reach its physical, engineering and economic limits in near future. This fact, however, does not mean that progress in computing will slow down. What will take us beyond the silicon era are new nano-technologies that are being pursued in university and corporate laboratories around the world. In particular, molecular switching devices and systems that will self-assemble through molecular recognition are being designed and studied. Many labora tories are now testing new types of these and other reversible switches, as well as fabricating nanowires needed to connect circuit elements together. But there are still significant opportunities and demand for invention and discovery be fore nanoelectronics will become a reality. The actual mechanisms of transport through molecular quantum dots and nanowires are of the highest current ex perimental and theoretical interest. In particular, there is growing evidence that both electron-vibron interactions and electron-electron correlations are impor tant. Further progress requires worldwide efforts of trans-disciplinary teams of physicists, quantum chemists, material and computer scientists, and engineers."

This classic geometry text explores the theory of 3-dimensional convex polyhedra in a unique fashion, with exceptional detail. Vital and clearly written, the book includes the basics of convex polyhedra and collects the most general existence theorems for convex polyhedra that are proved by a new and unified method. This edition includes a comprehensive bibliography by V.A. Zalgaller, and related papers as supplements to the original text.

Recently, much attention has been paid to image processing with multi-resolution and hierarchical structures such as pyramids and trees. This volume deals with recursive pyramids, which combine the advantages of available multiresolution structures and which are convenient both for global and local image processing. Recursive pyramids are based on regular hierarchical (recursive) structures containing data on image fragments of different sizes. Such an image representation technique enables the effective manipulation of pictorial information as well as the development of special hardware or data structures. The major aspects of this book are two original mathematical models of greyscale and binary images represented by recursive structures. Image compression, transmission and processing are discussed using these models. A number of applications are presented, including optical character recognition, expert systems and special computer architecture for pictorial data processing. The majority of results are presented as algorithms applicable to discrete information fields of arbitrary dimensions (e.g. 2-D or 3-D images). The book is divided into six chapters: Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction. Chapter 2 then deals with recursive structures and their properties. Chapter 3 introduces pyramidal image models. Image coding and the progressive transmission of images with gradual refinement are discussed in Chapter 4. Chapters 5 and 6 are devoted to image processing with pyramidal-recursive structures and applications. The volume concludes with a comprehensive bibliography. This work should interest applied mathematicians and computer scientists whose work involves computer vision, information theory and other aspects of image representation techniques.

The neutron is an elementary particle that has been extensively studied, both theoretically and experimentally. This book reviews and analyses the results of the mainly experimental research on the neutron and rationalizes what is known so far about its intrinsic properties. The book covers topics that have not previously been dealt with in detail, including the gravitational properties of the neutron, precise determination of its mass, beta-decay, and its electromagnetic properties. This translation is an updated version of the original Russian text and also covers the more recent advances made during the past 7-8 years, including the application of methods based on the storage of ultra-cold neutrons to the study of beta-decay, new precise measurement of the mass of the neutron, and confirmation of modern theories of the internal structure of the neutron.

One service mathematics has rendered the "Et moi, .... si j'a\'ait su comment en revenir, human race. It has put common sense back je n'y scrais point alit: Jules Verne where it belongs, on the topmost shelf next to the dusty canister labc\led 'discarded non The series is divergent; therefore we may be sense'. Eric T. 8c\l able to do something with it. O. Hcaviside Mathematics is a tool for thought. A highly necessary tool in a world where both feedback and non linearities abound. Similarly, all kinds of parts of mathematics serve as tools for other parts and for other sciences. Applying a simple rewriting rule to the quote on the right above one finds such statements as: 'One service topology has rendered mathematical physics .. .'; 'One service logic has rendered com puter science .. .'; 'One service category theory has rendered mathematics .. .'. All arguably true. And all statements obtainable this way form part of the raison d'etre of this series."

First Published in 1963, The Kremlin presents the story of a gigantic citadel, of its grandeur and its horrors, of its masters, famous and infamous, and of the scenes, both splendid and terrible, which its stones have witnessed since the Kremlin's foundation. The Kremlin has for centuries been the nerve-centre of Russian history. Everything has had its origins in its precincts. The history of Russia from the twelfth century, with a brief interval during which power was transferred to Petrograd, is inextricably bound up with its development. It was there that the czars were crowned and buried and on many occasions, it was the scene of their assassination. Everything was nurtured there: religion, dreams of power, absolutism, favoritism, cruel repression, and sheer insanity. But through triumphs, setbacks and tragic period of chaos, the rulers, whatever their names, have pursued the same policy. This fascinating history of the Kremlin is a must read for scholars and researchers of Russian history and Russian politics.

The steady evolution of wireless communication technologies continues to pave the way for the implementation of innovative services and devices in modern vehicles. These include analog and digital audio broadcasting radio, satellite radio, GPS, cell phones, and short range communication devices. Such applications require the use multiple antennas operating in different frequency ranges.

Automotive Antenna Design and Applications thoroughly examines traditional and new advanced automotive antennas, including the principles, designs, and techniques used to reduce antenna dimensions without significant degradation of communication quality. The contents of this book are based on cutting-edge data collected from numerous technical papers, patents, and patent applications. It presents an overview of many commercially available automotive antennas and covers features that have become standard in automotive applications, such as printed-on car glass antennas, reduced-size helical antennas, multiband compact, printed-on dielectric and patch designs in a single package.

Includes simulation examples of antenna parameters that significantly speed up the design process using software packages such as FEKO, NEC, IE3D, and Genesys

Highlighting the practical aspects of antenna design, the authors present passive and active designs and describe the entire design process, including antenna simulation, prototype sample fabrication, and laboratory test measurements. The book also covers the production adjustments that can result from the demands of the real car environment. The presentation of numerous examples of passive and active automotive antennas greatly enhances this reference s value to professionals, students, and anyone else working in the ever-evolving field of antenna design and application.

The two books, by authors Andrei Alexandrov and Genadi Petrov, illustrated with many previously unpublished photos, depict the blooming period of the Soviet aviation industry, which owed a great deal of its knowledge to technology derived from German designs.

First published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The extraordinary story of Frederick Bruce Thomas, the son of former slaves who fled America to build a life in Tsarist Russia. 'A fascinating tale' Anne Applebaum 'Thoroughly enjoyable' Spectator 'Extraordinary and gripping' Adam Hochschild After the brutal death of his father when he was a teenager, Frederick Thomas fled the stifling racism of the American South and headed for New York City, where he worked as a valet and trained as a singer. Through charisma and cunning, Thomas emigrated to Europe, where his acquired skills as a multilingual maitre d'hôtel allowed him to travel from London to Monte Carlo before settling in Moscow in the glorious days before the 1917 Revolution. There Thomas became a rich and respected nightclub impresario, opening a lavish nightclub called Maxim. With evocative backdrops in Moscow and later in Odessa and Constantinople, where Thomas rebuilt his life after the revolution, The Black Russian is an inspiring story of personal reinvention set in one of history's richest periods.

Based on sources still unavailable in the West, this first English language study of Russian-Kazakh relations provides unorthodox interpretations of many events and introduces new concepts in analysis of contemporary relations. Because political thought found itself a little behind the rapid political change that engulfed the former USSR, a process of adjustment of concepts and development of new approaches is now underway. Examining the complex nature of Russian-Kazakh relations immediately prior to and after the collapse of the USSR, the book examines four major groups of issues in Russian-Kazakh relations: status of ethnic Russians in Kazakhstan; Kazakh and Russian attitudes to post-Soviet integration; bilateral military relations; and Russian and international competition for Kazakhstan's energy resources. Beginning with research on Gorbachev's time in office, the book analyzes the effect of Moscow's policies on Kazakhstan and the factors which propelled the republic to independence. Next, one sees how Kazakhstan and Russia tried to establish a new, post-imperial basis for their relations during the first six months after the break-up of the Soviet Union. Subsequent chapters move from historical to structural analysis. With his inside knowledge of the mechanisms of Russian foreign policy formulation, the author pays particular attention to such controversial problems as Kazakh policy in the creation of a nation and its effects on Kazakhstan's Russian population; the concept of Eurasian Union, Custom's Union, and other integration initiatives supported by Kazakhstan; Kazakh nuclear disarmament; the Caspian Pipeline Consortium; and the legal status of the Caspian Sea.

Theory of Superconductivity: From Weak to Strong Coupling leads the reader from basic principles through detailed derivations and a description of the many interesting phenomena in conventional and high-temperature superconductors. The book describes physical properties of novel superconductors, in particular, the normal state, superconducting critical temperatures and critical fields, isotope effects, normal and superconducting gaps, tunneling, angle-resolved photoemission, stripes, and symmetries. The book divides naturally into two parts. Part I introduces the phenomenology of superconductivity, the microscopic BCS theory, and its extension to the intermediate coupling regime. The first three chapters of this part cover generally accepted themes in the conventional theory of superconductivity and serve as a good introduction to the subject. Chapter 4 describes what happens to the conventional theory when the coupling between electrons becomes strong. Part II describes key physical properties of high-temperature superconductors and their theoretical interpretation. Alternative viewpoints are discussed, but the emphasis is placed on the bipolaron theory.

This title was first published in 2002: This is a unique volume among the existing variety of publications on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) because it focuses on the internationalization process taking place there. It addresses the rapid changes of the business climate in the region that have led to intensive internationalization of companies, businesses and national economies. Existing FDI books have mostly taken the perspective of attracting inward FDI flows, missing the aspect of FDI outflows from CEE countries. While foreign investors face the specific context of a region that poses new requirements to their internationalization strategies, approaches and practices, domestic companies must strive to make their businesses international. Consequently, the book presents the features of internationalization in CEE from home and host company and country perspectives, providing a fresh perspective on this major economic problem.

Effective stroke therapy can be improved through real-time monitoring of the neurological and cardiovascular responses to treatment. This requires crucial knowledge on behalf of both the sonographer and stroke physician to make the best decisions for the patient so as to minimize the damage caused by the original stroke and the risk of further stroke.

"Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Second Edition, " takes a practical approach to the examination of patients, the interpretation of ultrasound studies and the application of cerebrovascular ultrasound in the development of management and treatment studies, assisting neurologists, radiologists, and ultrasonographers in stroke therapy.

Written by eminent researchers in the field, this text describes the theory of superconductivity and superfluidity starting from liquid helium and a charged Bose-gas. It also discusses the modern bipolaron theory of strongly coupled superconductors, which explains the basic physical properties of high-temperature superconductors. This book will be of interest to fourth year graduate and postgraduate students, specialist libraries, information centres and chemists working in high-temperature superconductivity.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203211499

Written by eminent researchers in the field, this text describes the theory of superconductivity and superfluidity starting from liquid helium and a charged Bose-gas. It also discusses the modern bipolaron theory of strongly coupled superconductors, which explains the basic physical properties of high-temperature superconductors. This book will be of interest to fourth year graduate and postgraduate students, specialist libraries, information centres and chemists working in high-temperature superconductivity.

Exploring the latest developments in the technology and pedagogy of higher education, Technological Advances in Interactive Collaborative Learning presents information technology-oriented educational programs for the next generation of scientists and researchers. It highlights the importance of technology, pedagogy, and management in the higher education ecosystem. With a focus on technological innovations, the book explains how Web 2.0 technologies can enhance collaborative learning and how immersive learning environments and mobile technologies can improve the learning process. The text then describes novel pedagogical and methodological approaches that underpin the technological advances, facilitate collaborative learning, and enable the efficient use of games. The book also covers managerial aspects and best practices through case studies and examples. Drawing on the work of longtime researchers in computational science and e-learning, this book shows how interactive collaborative learning can help scientists and researchers acquire the multidisciplinary skills to understand and use complex mathematical models, high performance computing, and other advanced technology necessary in today's interconnected, data-rich world. It will also help computer scientists and engineers create easy-to-use and research-friendly systems.

A brilliant examination of the enigmatic Russian revolutionary about whom Winston Churchill said "few men tried more, gave more, dared more and suffered more for the Russian people," and who remains a legendary and controversial figure in his homeland today. Although now largely forgotten outside Russia, Boris Savinkov was famous, and notorious, both at home and abroad during his lifetime, which spans the end of the Russian Empire and the establishment of the Soviet Union. A complex and conflicted individual, he was a paradoxically moral revolutionary terrorist, a scandalous novelist, a friend of epoch-defining artists like Modigliani and Diego Rivera, a government minister, a tireless fighter against Lenin and the Bolsheviks, and an advisor to Churchill. At the end of his life, Savinkov conspired to be captured by the Soviet secret police, and as the country's most prized political prisoner made headlines around the world when he claimed that he accepted the Bolshevik state. But as this book argues, this was Savinkov's final play as a gambler and he had staked his life on a secret plan to strike one last blow against the tyrannical regime. Neither a "Red" nor a "White," Savinkov lived an epic life that challenges many popular myths about the Russian Revolution, which was arguably the most important catalyst of twentieth-century world history. All of Savinkov's efforts were directed at transforming his homeland into a uniquely democratic, humane and enlightened state. There are aspects of his violent legacy that will, and should, remain frozen in the past as part of the historical record. But the support he received from many of his countrymen suggests that the paths Russia took during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries--the tyranny of communism, the authoritarianism of Putin's regime--were not the only ones written in her historical destiny. Savinkov's goals remain a poignant reminder of how things in Russia could have been, and how, perhaps, they may still become someday. Written with novelistic verve and filled with the triumphs, disasters, dramatic twists and contradictions that defined Savinkov's life, this book shines a light on an extraordinary man who tried to change Russian and world history.

Thermophysical Properties of Individual Hydrocarbons of Petroleum and Natural Gases: Properties, Methods, and Low-Carbon Technologies is a go-to data source for engineers who need derive property data on everyday components. Providing more precise data improves existing oil and gas processing systems and creates opportunities for more sustainable operations and equipment, such as hydrogen and carbon capture. Covering modern equations of state, this source discusses detailed descriptions of experimental apparatus, methods of measurement, corrections and error estimates as well as results of previous experiments. Generalized predictive methods for calculating viscosity and thermal conductivity are also covered. Rounding out with property databases and lower-carbon technology advances, the book gives today's engineers a detailed study of methods for more sustainable experimental research of thermophysical properties.