Originally published in 1976, this book explores the relationship between European society and the military institutions it fostered from 1815-1918. In the period from the fall of Napoleonic imperialism to the outbreak of the First World War armies and navies grew in complexity, cost and size. The first half of this book investigates these institutions from within, and looks at some of the factors which held them together in an increasingly difficult and hostile world, at their self-image, and at the pressures upon them from society at large. As the role of military institutions within society increased in importance, analysts began to look for the effects which this interpenetration had on society. Part 2 is concerned with the effects of this growing dominance of society by its defenders. By the end of period covered by this book, the age of total mobilisation for the war effort was upon us. In a sense this second part of the book reinforces the conclusions of the first, that military institutions are separate from the societies which surround them, and between the two a growing gap of misunderstanding and incomprehension yawned.

Originally published in 1976, this book explores the relationship between European society and the military institutions it fostered from 1815-1918. In the period from the fall of Napoleonic imperialism to the outbreak of the First World War armies and navies grew in complexity, cost and size. The first half of this book investigates these institutions from within, and looks at some of the factors which held them together in an increasingly difficult and hostile world, at their self-image, and at the pressures upon them from society at large. As the role of military institutions within society increased in importance, analysts began to look for the effects which this interpenetration had on society. Part 2 is concerned with the effects of this growing dominance of society by its defenders. By the end of period covered by this book, the age of total mobilisation for the war effort was upon us. In a sense this second part of the book reinforces the conclusions of the first, that military institutions are separate from the societies which surround them, and between the two a growing gap of misunderstanding and incomprehension yawned.

First published in 1982. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The Routledge Who's Who in Military History looks at those men and women who have shaped the course of war. It concentrates on all those periods about which the reader is likely to want information - the eighteenth-century wars in Europe, the American Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars and the major conflicts of the nineteenth-century. There is full coverage of the First and Second World Wars, and the many post-war struggles up to and including the Gulf War. It provides: * detailed biographies of the most interesting and important figures in military history from about 1450 to the present day * a series of maps showing the main theatres of war * a glossary of common words and phrases * an accessible and user-friendly A-Z layout The Routledge Who's Who in Military History will be a unique and invaluable source of information for the student and general reader alike.

First published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Presents the story of the evolution of modern Bahrain through the life and times of Shaikh Salman bin Hamad Al-Khalifa, ruler of the country, from 1942 through the crucial phase of transition. The book covers his religious and political dimensions, and Bahrain's postwar development and future.

First Published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

First published in 1982. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Who's Who in Military History looks at those people who have shaped the course of war. Broad in geographical and chronological scope, it concentrates on all the major periods and conflicts in history, from 1453 up to the present day. It provides:
* detailed biographies of the most interesting and important figures in military history
* a series of maps showing the main theatres of war
* a glossary of common words and phrases
* a unique and valuable source of information for both the student and the general reader.

In 1683, an Ottoman army that stretched from horizon to horizon set out to seize the "Golden Apple," as Turks referred to Vienna. The ensuing siege pitted battle-hardened Janissaries wielding seventeenth-century grenades against Habsburg armies, widely feared for their savagery. The walls of Vienna bristled with guns as the besieging Ottoman host launched bombs, fired cannons, and showered the populace with arrows during the battle for Christianity's bulwark. Each side was sustained by the hatred of its age-old enemy, certain that victory would be won by the grace of God.

The Great Siege of Vienna is the centerpiece for historian Andrew Wheatcroft's richly drawn portrait of the centuries-long rivalry between the Ottoman and Habsburg empires for control of the European continent. A gripping work by a master historian, "The Enemy at the Gate" offers a timely examination of an epic clash of civilizations.

Hailed on publication as a thought-provoking, authoritative analysis of the true beginnings of the Second World War, this revised edition of The Road to War is essential reading for anyone interested in this momentous period of history. Taking each major nation in turn, the book tells the story of their road to war; recapturing the concerns, anxieties and prejudices of the statesmen of the thirties.

"Splendidly rich...required reading for anyone who hopes to understand the real Europe."—Daily Telegraph.

In 1948, a refugee from his native Palestine, unable to finish his education and forced to abandon his family's property and possessions, all the cards were stacked against Elia Nuqul. Growing up in the ancient town of Ramleh, Elia Nuqul's sole ambition was to be an engineer. In 1948, he was beginning his studies at the American University of Beirut when his family were expelled from their home during the catastrophic War of 1948 and seek sanctuary elsewhere. Elia Nuqul at once gave up his studies to join them in Jordan where he immediately assumed responsibility for his family's welfare.Yet, somehow, despite this inauspicious start, Elia Nuqul managed to fulfil his early promise and become one of the most successful businessmen in the Middle East. How did he make this extraordinary journey and what does his unique story teach us, not only about the world of business but also about adapting to life in exile? How has he bridged the gap between being Palestinian and Jordanian? And how does he juggle the management of an international business empire with the Middle Eastern tradition of commitment to family?" A Promise Fulfilled" vividly explores Elia Nuqul's long and productive life and demonstrates how his core values of loyalty, innovation and attention to detail lie at the heart of a family company which stands as an example throughout the Middle East and beyond.

In 1683, two empires - the Ottoman, based in Constantinople, and the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna - came face to face in the culmination of a 250-year power struggle: the Great Siege of Vienna. Within the city walls the choice of resistance over surrender to the largest army ever assembled by the Turks created an all-or-nothing scenario: every last survivor would be enslaved or ruthlessly slaughtered. The Turks had set their sights on taking Vienna, the city they had long called 'The Golden Apple' since their first siege of the city in 1529. Both sides remained resolute, sustained by hatred of their age-old enemy, certain that their victory would be won by the grace of God. Eastern invaders had always threatened the West: Huns, Mongols, Goths, Visigoths, Vandals and many others. The Western fears of the East were vivid and powerful and, in their new eyes, the Turks always appeared the sole aggressors. Andrew Wheatcroft's extraordinary book shows that this belief is a grievous oversimplification: during the 400 year struggle for domination, the West took the offensive just as often as the East. As modern Turkey seeks to re-orient its relationship with Europe, a new generation of politicians is exploiting the residual fears and tensions between East and West to hamper this change. The Enemy at the Gate provides a timely and masterful account of this most complex and epic of conflicts.