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Presented here are recent achievements in molecular biology of
non-pathogenic yeast and filamenous fungi as well as of human
pathogens. Thebook is diveded into 4 sections: - Molecular Biology
of Yeast; - Molecular Biology of Filamenous Fungi; - New Tools and
Prospectives for Medical Mycology; - Fungal Morphogenesis. It
focuses on aspects of medical mycology, namely isolation of
specific genes and strategies for developing new targets for
antifungal therapy.
Biology of Antarctic Fish presents the most recent findings on the
biology of fish in the unique environment of the Antarctic ocean.
At present the year-round temperature of the coastal waters is very
near -1,87 Degrees C, the equilibrium temperature of the
ice-seawater mixture. This extremely low temperature affects
different levels of organization of fish life: individuals, organ
systems, cells, organelles, membranes, and molecules. Exploring
ecology, evolution, and life history as well as physiology,
biochemistry, and molecular biology of Antarctic fish the book
describes the mechanisms of cold adaptation at all these levels. It
provides material for discussion also for fundamental questions in
the field of adaptation to an extreme environment and therefore is
of particular interest not only to specialized scientists, but also
to those involved in basic and evolutionary biology.
During the last years the heat shock response has been stu- died as
a model system to analyze control mechanisms regula- ting the
synthesis of heat shock proteins providing impor- tant general
insight into the regulation of gene expression. But the major
revelation, which has sparked interest from all quarters of
biology, is the discovery that heat shock proteins play major roles
in an extraordinary variety of normal cellular processes. They are
the focus of investiga- tions in many areas of cell biology,
including protein traf- ficking, signal transduction, DNS
replication, transcrip- tion, protein synthesis, and in the
assembly of di- verse protein structures. These aspects are
thoroughly trea- ted in the book, as are the implications in
immunology, in- fec- tious diseases, chronic degeneration,
hyperthermia, and can- cer research.
Identification of differentially expressed genes is one of the
major challenges in molecular biology. Several techniques allow the
cloning of such sequences. However, methods such as RNA subtraction
or differential hybridization are time-consuming and require large
amounts of mRNA.
Recently, a new approach has successfully been developed:
Differential-Display Reverse Transcription-PCR (DDRT-PCR). This
technique has been proven to be highly effective in identifying
sequences that are differentially expressed in various cell types.
The most striking advantage is, however, that only nanograms of
total RNA are sufficient. Thus every mRNA species expressed in the
cell system can be investigated, even those present at very low
levels.
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