Physical Geography Laboratory Manual moves students away from the traditional workbook approach and towards an ideal of an entirely hands-on, empirical method of instruction. From this hands-on approach, students will: Gain a more complete understanding of the physical landscape Acquire experience in data collection from the field Formulate questions and think critically about their observations Recognize patterns in their physical environment Better understand the processes around them GPS (Global Positioning System) Applications 3 new topo maps with aerial photographs Physical Geography Laboratory Manual is designed for a one or two semester laboratory course in physical geography or environmental science. It will complement most introductory physical geography and environmental texts. The exercises are self-explanatory and include maps, aerial photographs, and worksheets. Most exercises include an optional Internet component using sites with regularly updated information or archived data. They also provide lab instructors the option of using other maps or aerial photographs (perhaps from their own locations). Exercises include: Earth-Sun Relationships Atmospheric Processes Mapping Water Resources Erosion Processes Landforms Trigonometry Applications in Geographic Fieldwork Recurrence Intervals Vegetation Analysis Field Mapping Aerial Photography Interpretation and Landform Analysis.