Infrastructure provision remains the definitive measure of development around the world, yet engineers often only get involved in the creation of infrastructure after the important planning decisions have already been made. This is an introduction to the principles and procedures necessary for infrastructure planning in rapidly developing regions. It covers the technical methods required in planning for infrastructure provision from base-line studies and problem definition through to the specification for a set of projects. The book also discusses the political factors that affect the decision making process and demonstrates, through case studies, how the technical and political perspectives come together in the finished plan.

Validation is defined as the establishing of documented evidence which provides a high degree of assurance that a planned process will consistently perform according to the intended specified outcomes. Validation studies are performed for analytical tests, equipment, facility systems such as air, water, steam, and for processes such as the manufacturing processes, cleaning, sterilization, sterile filling, lyophilization, etc. There will be a separate validation for the lyophilizer as an equipment item and for the lyophilization process; for the cleaning of glassware and the cleaning of the facility; and for the sterilization process and for the sterility test. Every step of the process of manufacture of a drug product must be shown to perform as intended. Validation studies verify the system under test under the extremes expected during the process to prove that the system remains in control. Once the system or process has been validated, it is expected that it remains in control, provided no changes are made. In the event that modifications are made, or problems occur, or equipment is replaced or relocated, revalidation is performed.

Scale up is generally defined as the process of increasing batch size. In process scale up a formula is transformed into a viable, robust product by the development of a reliable and practical method of manufacturing that effect the orderly transition from laboratory to routine processing in a full-scale production facility. It must include a close examination of the formula to determine its ability to withstand batch-scale and process modification. So process scale up of Metformin HCL tablet includes Trial Batches, Exhibit Batches and Validation Batch. After these batches produce large scale up Metformin HCL Tablets. During the scale up process controls are evaluated, valuated and finalized in addition, appropriate records and report are issued to support good manufacturing practices and to provide the historical development of the production, formulation, process equipments train, and specification.

The Pieces of Heart is simply a book of Hindi poetry, all about feelings of a person growing from twenty-one of his age and start expressing feelings in the shape of poems and Ghazals, fantasizing the things being hobby of the writer. Family and friends cheer and make their appreciations, which make the author strongly convert the ideas into the poetry. Deepak feels that the poetry is nothing but a thought process or a feeling that could be anywhere, about anyone, anything, like one can love his parents, like someone's face or work, and start getting affection for it. Deepak says he always made his words through heart, a most precious part God gave. Where he can take anything and from where only he could be able to give anything. Now he is giving here. PIECES OF HEART Before anyone reads this book, Deepak wants to share something. "These pieces are of 'my heart, ' and I hope after reading this book, these pieces will become pieces of your heart." In short, this is all about the feelings that touched my heart. This is my first creation and an appreciation will encourage me to continue.