Bio-derived Carbon Nanostructures: Fundamentals, Synthesis and Applications covers the selection of source material, its conversion into the desired carbon nanostructure and its intended application. Opening with an introduction to the various raw materials and the role of their structure, this book provides the reader with a clear understanding of the evolution of bio-based materials into functional carbon nanostructures for applications in energy, environment, catalysis and as additives. Along with the latest technological developments, the book also presents a discussion on emerging applications and the challenges of scaling up technologies to serve for large-scale usage of these novel carbon-based materials deriving from natural sources. Ideal for students, researchers and those in industry focusing on materials science and biomass utilization, chemical engineers and those interested in novel carbon-based nanomaterials for sustainable development.