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These transfers of sovereignty resulted in extensive, unforeseen
movements of citizens and subjects to their former countries. The
phenomenon of postcolonial migration affected not only European
nations, but also the United States, Japan and post-Soviet Russia.
The political and societal reactions to the unexpected and often
unwelcome migrants was significant to postcolonial migrants'
identity politics and how these influenced metropolitan debates
about citizenship, national identity and colonial history. The
contributors explore the historical background and contemporary
significance of these migrations and discuss the ethnic and class
composition and the patterns of integration of the migrant
population.
Wim Klooster and Gert Oostindie present a fresh look at the Dutch
Atlantic in the period following the imperial moment of the
seventeenth century. This epoch (1680-1815), the authors argue,
marked a distinct and significant era in which Dutch military power
declined and Dutch colonies began to chart a more autonomous path.
The loss of Brazil and New Netherland were twin blows to Dutch
imperial pretensions. Yet the Dutch Atlantic hardly faded into
insignificance. Instead, the influence of the Dutch remained, as
they were increasingly drawn into the imperial systems of Britain,
Spain, and France. In their synthetic and comparative history,
Klooster and Oostindie reveal the fragmented identity and
interconnectedness of the Dutch in three Atlantic theaters: West
Africa, Guiana, and the insular Caribbean. They show that the
colonies and trading posts were heterogeneous in their governance,
religious profiles, and ethnic compositions and were marked by
creolization. Even as colonial control weakened, the imprint of
Dutch political, economic, and cultural authority would mark
territories around the Atlantic for decades to come. Realm between
Empires is a powerful revisionist history of the eighteenth-century
Atlantic world and provides a much-needed counterpoint to the more
widely known British and French Atlantic histories.
The Netherlands is home to one million citizens with roots in the
former colonies - Indonesia, Suriname and the Antilles. Entitlement
to Dutch citizenship, pre-migration acculturation in the Dutch
language and culture as well as a strong rhetorical argument ("We
are here because you were there!") were important assets of the
first generation, facilitating its integration into the Dutch
society. The current Dutch population counts two million
non-Western migrants, and the past decade witnessed heated debates
about multiculturalism, the most important ones centered on
acknowledgement and inclusion of colonialism and its legacies in
the national memorial culture. Postcolonial Netherlands, which
elicited much praise but also controversy following the publication
of its Dutch edition, is the first scholarly monograph to address
these themes in an internationally comparative framework.
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