Chapter 4 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com. This edited collection explores the agency of women who do violence and have violence done to them. Topics covered include rape, pornography, prostitution, suicide bombing and domestic violence. The volume contributes to the philosophical and theoretical debate, as well as offering practical, social and political responses to the issues examined.

"Global Ethics provides a superb analysis of the ethical issues that arise at the global level. It succeeds in both covering a great deal of ground and in doing so in considerable depth. One particularly attractive feature of the book is the way it unites ethical analysis with detailed accounts of the practical challenges that we face today. Global Ethics is also wonderfully clear, and introduces complex ideas in an extremely accessible and illuminating way." - Simon Caney, University of Oxford "Global Ethics surveys a vast amount of work on the subject, offers a comprehensive introduction to its themes, represents the arguments with care and accuracy, and is written remarkably clearly. Its use of important case-studies to introduce students to the field will stimulate thinking and show the real-world relevance of the theories discussed. This is an exceptional introduction to global ethics." - Darrel Moellendorf, San Diego State University "An excellent text that deserves to become the standard introduction to the topic. It makes complex issues intelligible to a broad range of potential readers, including those who have done little or no philosophy, without at any point dumbing down. An impressive achievement, the book is at once usable, engaging and thought-provoking." - Bob Brecher, University of Brighton "Widdows illuminates today's leading theories with compelling case-studies, expertly blending philosophy and practice. Those looking for a vivid and accessible overview of the best contemporary thinking about global ethics should read this book." - Leif Wenar, King's College London "A highly engaging and excellent introduction to ethical issues in a global context. Widdows does an outstanding job including a vast array of important global ethical issues, integrating philosophical and empirical concerns smoothly in her analysis. She discusses an impressive amount of current literature in an accessible way. A delightfully fresh approach that students are bound to find stimulating and rewarding." - Gillian Brock, University of Auckland "A fascinating and highly accessible introduction to global ethics, a young and rapidly developing field of enormous significance. Through this book, Widdows takes her readers on a journey of discovery that will enthuse them to delve deeper." - Sigrid Sterckx, Ghent University "This book offers a timely introduction to the emerging subject of global ethics and provides the reader with the theoretical tools and information necessary to understand issues of global importance." - Nick Buttle, University of the West of England "Virtually everything one needs to know about the whole sphere of global ethics, including the complexity of negotiating global-ethics issues and universalism which is assumed in all areas of global governance, is discussed here with insight." - Tribune, India Textbook introducing students to the theory and practice of global ethics, ranging over issues in global governance and citizenship, poverty and development, war and terrorism, bioethics, environmental ethics and gender justice.

1. Global Social Justice: An Introduction Heather Widdows and Nicola J. Smith 2. The Globalisation of Human Rights Leslie Sklair 3. Liberal Internationalism and Global Social Justice Kostas Koukouzelis 4. Moral Distance and Global Social Justice: An Archaeology of Borders Luis Cabrera 5. Global Justice and the Distribution of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Simon Caney 6. Ecological Issues of Justice Robin Attfield 7. Torture: A Touchstone for Global Social Justice Bob Brecher 8. Global Social Justice and Public Health Rebecca Shah 9. Cosmopolitan Social Justice and Labour Exploitation Christien van den Anker 10. Gender and Global Social Justice: Peacebuilding and the Politics of Participation Laura J. Shepherd 11. Sexuality, Power and Global Social Justice Penny Griffin 12. Global Social Justice: A Conclusion Heather Widdows and Nicola J. Smith

Global Social Justice provides a distinctive contribution to the growing debate about global justice and global ethics. It brings a multi-disciplinary voice - which spans philosophical, political and social disciplines - and emphasises the social element of global justice in both theory and practice. Bringing together a number of internationally renowned scholars, the book explicitly addresses debates about the scope and hierarchies of justice and considers how different approaches and conceptions of justice inter relate. It explores a diversity of themes relating to global social justice including globalisation, human rights, ecological justice, gender and sexuality, migration and trafficking, global health challenges, post-conflict resolution and torture. Global Social Justice will be vital reading for anyone interested in the political/philosophical theories and practical issues surrounding global social justice, including students and scholars of Political Science, International Relations, Philosophy, Global Ethics, Environmental Studies, Development Studies, Human Rights Law and Global Studies.

Iris Murdoch's moral philosophy, although highly influential in 20th century moral theory, is somewhat unsystematic and inaccessible. In this work Widdows outlines the moral vision of Iris Murdoch in its entirety and draws out the implications of her thought for the contemporary ethical debate, discussing such aspects of Murdoch's work as the influence of Plato on her conception of The Good, the reality of the human moral experience, the attainment of knowledge of moral values and how art and religion inform the living of the moral life. Examining all of Murdoch's contributions to moral philosophy from her short papers to Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals, Heather Widdows provides an accessible and systematised account of Murdoch's moral concepts and offers a clear and critical exposition of her thought. By clarifying Murdoch's central themes, core ideas and her picture of the moral life, this book enables her work to be more easily understood and so utilised in current debates.

This volume maps the areas of ethical concern in the debate regarding the governance of genetic information, and suggests alternative ethical frameworks and models of regulation in order to inform its restructuring. Genetic governance is at the heart of medical and scientific developments, and is connected to global exploitation, issues of commodification, commercialisation and ownership, the concepts of property and intellectual property and concerns about individual and communal identity. Thus the decisions that are made in the next few years about appropriate models of genetic governance will have knock-on effects for other areas of governance. In short the final answer to 'Who Decides?' in the context of genetic governance will fundamentally shape the ethical constructs of individuals and their networks and relationships in the public sphere.

Global ethics focuses on the most pressing contemporary ethical issues - poverty, global trade, terrorism, torture, pollution, climate change and the management of scarce recourses. It draws on moral and political philosophy, political and social science, empirical research, and real-world policy and activism. The Routledge Handbook of Global Ethics is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and debates in this exciting subject, presenting an authoritative overview of the most significant issues and ideas in global ethics. The 31 chapters by a team of international contributors are structured into six key parts: normative theory conflict and violence poverty and development economic justice bioethics and health justice environment and climate ethics. Covering the theoretical and practical aspects of global ethics as well as policy, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Global Ethics provides a benchmark for the study of global ethics to date, as well as outlining future developments. It will prove an invaluable reference for policy-makers, and is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy, international relations, political science, environmental and development studies and human rights law.

Global ethics focuses on the most pressing contemporary ethical issues - poverty, global trade, terrorism, torture, pollution, climate change and the management of scarce recourses. It draws on moral and political philosophy, political and social science, empirical research, and real-world policy and activism. The Routledge Handbook of Global Ethics is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and debates in this exciting subject, presenting an authoritative overview of the most significant issues and ideas in global ethics. The 31 chapters by a team of international contributors are structured into six key parts:

normative theory

conflict and violence

poverty and development

economic justice

bioethics and health justice

environment and climate ethics.

Covering the theoretical and practical aspects of global ethics as well as policy, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Global Ethics provides a benchmark for the study of global ethics to date, as well as outlining future developments. It will prove an invaluable reference for policy-makers, and is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy, international relations, political science, environmental and development studies and human rights law.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction Darrel Moellendorf and Heather Widdows 2. The trends and tendencies of global integration Barrie Axford Part 1: Normative theory 3. Ethical theory and global challenges Ruth Chadwick and Alan O’Connor 4. Theories, types and bounds of justice Richard J. Arneson 5. Gender, care and global values Virginia Held 6. Cosmopolitanism and its critics Gillian Brock 7. Human rights Rainer Forst 8. Universalism, relativism and difference Peter Jones and Graham Long Part 2: Conflict and violence 9. War and terrorism Brian Orend 10. Torture Henry Shue 11. Humanitarian intervention Alex J. Bellamy 12. Nuclear weapons and containment Douglas P. Lackey Part 3: Poverty and development 13. Poverty Hennie Lötter 14. Development Julian Culp 15. Aid and charity Nigel Dower 16. Immigration Sarah Fine and Andrea Sangiovanni Part 4: Economic justice 17. International trade Christian Barry and Scott Wisor 18. International financial institutions Meena Krishnamurthy 19. Corporate social responsibility and multinational corporations Nien-hê Hsieh and Florian Wettstein 20. Consumption and non-consumption Nicole Hassoun 21. Prostitution and trafficking for sexual labour Julia O’Connell Davidson 22. Distributive institutions Chris Armstrong Part 5: Bioethics and health justice 23. Research ethics Udo Schüklenk and Ricardo Smalling 24. Trade in human body parts Teck Chuan Voo and Alastair V. Campbell 25. Reproductive rights and reproductive technologies Hille Haker 26. Patents and intellectual property rights Roger Brownsword Part 6: Environmental and climate ethics 27. Climate change Simon Caney 28. Pollution Benjamin S. Hale 29. Sustainability John O’Neill 30. Biodiversity Andrew Brennan and Norva Y. S. Lo 31. Population Tim Mulgan. Index

"Global Ethics provides a superb analysis of the ethical issues that arise at the global level. It succeeds in both covering a great deal of ground and in doing so in considerable depth. One particularly attractive feature of the book is the way it unites ethical analysis with detailed accounts of the practical challenges that we face today. Global Ethics is also wonderfully clear, and introduces complex ideas in an extremely accessible and illuminating way." - Simon Caney, University of Oxford "Global Ethics surveys a vast amount of work on the subject, offers a comprehensive introduction to its themes, represents the arguments with care and accuracy, and is written remarkably clearly. Its use of important case-studies to introduce students to the field will stimulate thinking and show the real-world relevance of the theories discussed. This is an exceptional introduction to global ethics." - Darrel Moellendorf, San Diego State University "An excellent text that deserves to become the standard introduction to the topic. It makes complex issues intelligible to a broad range of potential readers, including those who have done little or no philosophy, without at any point dumbing down. An impressive achievement, the book is at once usable, engaging and thought-provoking." - Bob Brecher, University of Brighton "Widdows illuminates today's leading theories with compelling case-studies, expertly blending philosophy and practice. Those looking for a vivid and accessible overview of the best contemporary thinking about global ethics should read this book." - Leif Wenar, King's College London "A highly engaging and excellent introduction to ethical issues in a global context. Widdows does an outstanding job including a vast array of important global ethical issues, integrating philosophical and empirical concerns smoothly in her analysis. She discusses an impressive amount of current literature in an accessible way. A delightfully fresh approach that students are bound to find stimulating and rewarding." - Gillian Brock, University of Auckland "A fascinating and highly accessible introduction to global ethics, a young and rapidly developing field of enormous significance. Through this book, Widdows takes her readers on a journey of discovery that will enthuse them to delve deeper." - Sigrid Sterckx, Ghent University "This book offers a timely introduction to the emerging subject of global ethics and provides the reader with the theoretical tools and information necessary to understand issues of global importance." - Nick Buttle, University of the West of England "Virtually everything one needs to know about the whole sphere of global ethics, including the complexity of negotiating global-ethics issues and universalism which is assumed in all areas of global governance, is discussed here with insight." - Tribune, India Textbook introducing students to the theory and practice of global ethics, ranging over issues in global governance and citizenship, poverty and development, war and terrorism, bioethics, environmental ethics and gender justice.

Iris Murdoch's moral philosophy, although highly influential in 20th century moral theory, is somewhat unsystematic and inaccessible. In this work Widdows outlines the moral vision of Iris Murdoch in its entirety and draws out the implications of her thought for the contemporary ethical debate, discussing such aspects of Murdoch's work as the influence of Plato on her conception of The Good, the reality of the human moral experience, the attainment of knowledge of moral values and how art and religion inform the living of the moral life. Examining all of Murdoch's contributions to moral philosophy from her short papers to Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals, Heather Widdows provides an accessible and systematised account of Murdoch's moral concepts and offers a clear and critical exposition of her thought. By clarifying Murdoch's central themes, core ideas and her picture of the moral life, this book enables her work to be more easily understood and so utilised in current debates.

How looking beautiful has become a moral imperative in today's world The demand to be beautiful is increasingly important in today's visual and virtual culture. Rightly or wrongly, being perfect has become an ethical ideal to live by, and according to which we judge ourselves a success or failure. Perfect Me explores the changing nature of the beauty ideal, showing how it is more dominant, demanding, and global than ever before. Arguing that our perception of the self is changing, Heather Widdows shows that more and more, we locate the self in the body. Nobody is firm enough, thin enough, smooth enough, or buff enough-not without significant effort and cosmetic intervention. To understand these rising demands, we need to recognize their ethical aspect and seek out new communal responses.

This volume maps the areas of ethical concern in the debate regarding the governance of genetic information, and suggests alternative ethical frameworks and models of regulation in order to inform its restructuring. Genetic governance is at the heart of medical and scientific developments, and is connected to global exploitation, issues of commodification, commercialisation and ownership, the concepts of property and intellectual property and concerns about individual and communal identity. Thus the decisions that are made in the next few years about appropriate models of genetic governance will have knock-on effects for other areas of governance. In short the final answer to 'Who Decides?' in the context of genetic governance will fundamentally shape the ethical constructs of individuals and their networks and relationships in the public sphere.

Currently, the ethics infrastructure - from medical and scientific training to the scrutiny of ethics committees - focuses on trying to reform informed consent to do a job which it is simply not capable of doing. Consent, or choice, is not an effective ethical tool in public ethics and is particularly problematic in the governance of genetics. Heather Widdows suggests using alternative and additional ethical tools and argues that if individuals are to flourish it is necessary to recognise and respect communal and public goods as well as individual goods. To do this she suggests a two-step process - the 'ethical toolbox'. First the harms and goods of the particular situation are assessed and then appropriate practices are put in place to protect goods and prevent harms. This debate speaks to core concerns of contemporary public ethics and suggests a means to identify and prioritise public and common goods.