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This edited collection brings together academics, lawyers, civil
servants, and researchers working in the human rights NGO sector,
to explore the work and role of prison officers around the world.
Each chapter offers a distinctive perspective on the
work of prison officers within localised socio-economic and
criminal justice contexts, to provide a unique
overview and insight into the realities and
complexities of the role through accessible scholarly
interpretations of their work. The aim of the book is to
advance knowledge and understanding of the crucial role that prison
officers occupy within carceral systems. The collection has
widespread applicability with relevance beyond academia into
criminal justice practice and policy internationally. Chapter 3 is
available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License via link.springer.com.
In this posthumous collection of writings, Cornelius Castoriadis
(1922-1997) pursues his incisive analysis of modern society, the
philosophical basis of our ability to change it, and the points of
intersection between his many approaches to this theme. His main
philosophical postulate, that the human subject and society are not
predetermined, asserts the primacy of creation and the possibility
of creative, autonomous activity in every domain. This argument is
combined with penetrating political and social criticism, opening
numerous avenues of critical thought and action.
The book's wide-ranging topics include the core worldview of
ancient Athens, where the idea of self-creation and self-limitation
made democracy possible; the wealth of poetic resources; a
deconstruction of the so-called rationality of capitalism and of
the current conception of democracy, along with a discussion of
what a radical, revolutionary project means today; the role of what
he calls the radical imagination in the creation of both societal
institutions and history; the roots of hate; a psychoanalytic view
of human development torn between heteronomy and autonomy; the role
of education in forming autonomous individuals; and notions of
chaos, space, and number.
This was first published in 2000: This work is founded on the
premise that many analyses of economic restructuring and of gender
relations fail to recognize two things. First, the situation facing
women is different from that of the 1960s when the conceptual
apparatuses for analyzing "women and work" were created. Labour
markets are dominated by flexible, non-standard work, precarious
contractual relations and income disparities. Therefore, it is
difficult to structure political claims or analysis around the
notion that there is a single labour market, that the primary
problem is discrimination or inappropriate training, and that
political strategies should focus on discrimination and
non-traditional employment. Rather, new challenges require new
solutions. The second point of departure is that is is impossible
to understand either contemporary labour markets, or the roots of
employment and other public policies without locating them vis a
vis patterns of gender inequalities generated by and in these
labour markets. The labour force has been feminized to such an
extent that new, and often unequal gender relations are crucial to
their very functioning.
In this posthumous collection of writings, Cornelius Castoriadis
(1922-1997) pursues his incisive analysis of modern society, the
philosophical basis of our ability to change it, and the points of
intersection between his many approaches to this theme. His main
philosophical postulate, that the human subject and society are not
predetermined, asserts the primacy of creation and the possibility
of creative, autonomous activity in every domain. This argument is
combined with penetrating political and social criticism, opening
numerous avenues of critical thought and action.
The book's wide-ranging topics include the core worldview of
ancient Athens, where the idea of self-creation and self-limitation
made democracy possible; the wealth of poetic resources; a
deconstruction of the so-called rationality of capitalism and of
the current conception of democracy, along with a discussion of
what a radical, revolutionary project means today; the role of what
he calls the radical imagination in the creation of both societal
institutions and history; the roots of hate; a psychoanalytic view
of human development torn between heteronomy and autonomy; the role
of education in forming autonomous individuals; and notions of
chaos, space, and number.
This posthumous collection of interviews and occasional papers
given by Castoriadis between 1974 and 1997 is a lively, direct
introduction to the thinking of a writer who never abandoned his
radically critical stance. It provides a clear, handy résumé of
his political ideas, in advance of their times and profoundly
relevant to today’s world. For this political thinker and
longtime militant (co-founder with Claude Lefort of the
revolutionary group “Socialisme ou Barbarie”), economist,
psychoanalyst, and philosopher, two endless interrogations—how to
understand the world and life in society—were intertwined with
his own life and combats. An important chapter discusses the
history of “Socialisme ou Barbarie” (1949—1967); in it,
Castoriadis presents the views he defended, in that group, on a
number of subjects: a critique of Marxism and of the Soviet Union,
the bureaucratization of society and of the workers’ movement,
and the primacy of individual and collective autonomy. Another
chapter presents the concept, central to his thinking, of
“imaginary significations” as what make a society “cohere.”
Castoriadis constantly returns to the question of democracy as the
never-finished, deliberate creation by the people of societal
institutions, analyzing its past and its future in the Western
world. He scathingly criticizes “representative” democracy and
develops a conception of direct democracy extending to all spheres
of social life. He wonders about the chances of achieving freedom
and autonomy—those requisites of true democracy—in a world of
endless, meaningless accumulation of material goods, where the
mechanisms for governing society have disintegrated, the
relationship with nature is reduced to one of destructive
domination, and, above all, the population has withdrawn from the
public sphere: a world dominated by hobbies and lobbies—”a
society adrift.”
This posthumous collection of interviews and occasional papers
given by Castoriadis between 1974 and 1997 is a lively, direct
introduction to the thinking of a writer who never abandoned his
radically critical stance. It provides a clear, handy resume of his
political ideas, in advance of their times and profoundly relevant
to today's world. For this political thinker and longtime militant
(co-founder with Claude Lefort of the revolutionary group
"Socialisme ou Barbarie"), economist, psychoanalyst, and
philosopher, two endless interrogations-how to understand the world
and life in society-were intertwined with his own life and combats.
An important chapter discusses the history of "Socialisme ou
Barbarie" (1949-1967); in it, Castoriadis presents the views he
defended, in that group, on a number of subjects: a critique of
Marxism and of the Soviet Union, the bureaucratization of society
and of the workers' movement, and the primacy of individual and
collective autonomy. Another chapter presents the concept, central
to his thinking, of "imaginary significations" as what make a
society "cohere." Castoriadis constantly returns to the question of
democracy as the never-finished, deliberate creation by the people
of societal institutions, analyzing its past and its future in the
Western world. He scathingly criticizes "representative" democracy
and develops a conception of direct democracy extending to all
spheres of social life. He wonders about the chances of achieving
freedom and autonomy-those requisites of true democracy-in a world
of endless, meaningless accumulation of material goods, where the
mechanisms for governing society have disintegrated, the
relationship with nature is reduced to one of destructive
domination, and, above all, the population has withdrawn from the
public sphere: a world dominated by hobbies and lobbies-"a society
adrift."
This book constitutes a critical case study of the modern search
for public sector reform. It includes a detailed account of a study
aimed at developing a meaningful way of evaluating
difficult-to-measure moral dimensions of the quality of prisons.
Penal practices, values, and sensibilities have undergone important
transformations over the period 1990-2003. Part of this
transformation included a serious flirtation with a liberal penal
project that went wrong. A significant factor in this unfortunate
turn of events was a lack of clarity, by those working in and
managing prisons, about important terms such as 'justice',
'liberal', and 'care', and how they might apply to daily penal
life. Official measures of the prison seem to lack relevance to
many who live and work in prison and to their critics. The author
proposes that a truer test of the quality of prison life is what
staff and prisoners have to say about those aspects of prison life
that 'matter most': relationships, fairness, order, and the quality
of their treatment. The book attempts a detailed analysis and
measurement of these dimensions in five prisons. It finds
significant differences between establishments in these areas of
prison life, and some departures from the official vision of the
prison supported by the performance framework. The information
revolution has generated unprecedented levels of knowledge about
individual prisons, as well as providing a management reach into
establishments from a distance, and a capacity for 'chronic
revision', that was unimaginable fifty years ago. Another major
transformation - the modernisation project - brought with it a new,
but flawed, 'craft' of performance monitoring and measurement aimed
at solving some of the problems of prison management. This book
explores the arrival and the impact of this concept of performance
and the links apparently forged between managerialism and moral
values.
This book constitutes a critical case study of the modern search
for public sector reform. It includes a detailed account of a study
aimed at developing a meaningful way of evaluating
difficult-to-measure moral dimensions of the quality of prisons.
Penal practices, values, and sensibilities have undergone important
transformations over the period 1990-2003. Part of this
transformation included a serious flirtation with a liberal penal
project that went wrong. A significant contributory factor in this
unfortunate turn of events was a lack of clarity, by those working
in and managing prisons, about important terms such as 'justice',
'liberal', and 'care', and how they might apply to daily penal
life. Official measures of the prison service seem to lack
relevance to many who live and work in prison and to their critics.
The author proposes that a truer test of the quality of prison life
is what staff and prisoners have to say about those aspects of
prison life that 'matter most': relationships, fairness, order, and
the quality of their treatment by those above them. The book
attempts a detailed analysis and measurement of these dimensions in
five prisons. It finds significant differences between
establishments in these areas of prison life, and some departures
from the official vision of the prison supported by the performance
framework. The information revolution has generated unprecedented
levels of knowledge about individual prisons, as well as providing
a management reach into establishments from a distance, and a
capacity for 'chronic revision', that was unimaginable fifty years
ago. Another major transformation - the modernisation project -
brought with it a new, but flawed, 'craft' of performance
monitoring and measurement aimed at solving some of the problems of
prison management. This book explores the arrival and the impact of
this concept of performance and the links apparently forged between
managerialism and moral values.
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