Regulating virtually all biological processes, the genome’s 2,654 newly discovered variants of mature microRNAs – short ribonucleic acid molecules found in eukaryotic cells – hold a key role in the body’s toolkit of regenerative and reparative capacities. Identifying how to activate and deliver these specialist molecules may aid in the repair and regeneration of major tissue and organ damage in future therapies. In MicroRNA and Regenerative Medicine, Second Edition, over 50 leading experts address foundational and emerging topics in the field. Concisely summarizing and evaluating key findings from new research and their translational application, contributors examine current and future significance of clinical research in the miRNA area. Coverage encompasses all major aspects of fundamental stem cell and developmental biology, including the uses of miRNA in cell and tissue plasticity, developmental biology, tissue repair, and regeneration. In particular, contributors provide focused coverage of methodologies for regenerative intervention and tissue engineering. Topics new to this edition include proteomic changes during tissue repair and regeneration, horizontal transfer of miRNAs in tissue regeneration, tissue stemness, peripheral nerve regeneration, miRNA as biomarkers, microRNA in pregnancy and embryo development, exogenous and diet derived microRNA in tissue development, ocular microRNA, mitochondrial microRNA, sensory hair cell death and regeneration, and microRNA in senescence.

In this book a distinguished group of international contributors, from both developing and higher income countries, identify and discuss major social conflicts, labour and distributional concerns, environmental issues and impacts arising from the very rapid increase in globalisation experienced since the early 1970s. Issues considered include possible alternatives to globalisation; cultural and linguistic inequalities associated with globalisation, consequences of growing regionalism and economic inequality between and within nations. Poverty, international migration, biodiversity conservation, natural resource sustainability, and global trade in genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are also discussed. A substantial introductory chapter provides a significant overview of the rate and process of economic globalisation and integrates the contributions and their interconnections for the reader. Economic Globalisation offers policy proposals and responses and represents divergent views and rigorous theoretical analysis. Economists, particularly those with an interest in international economics, labour, environmental and ecological economics, macroeconomics and social economics will all find this book of great interest.

The field of statistics not only affects all areas of scientific activity, but also many other matters such aspublic policy. It is branching rapidly into so many different subjects that a series of handbooks is the only way of comprehensively presenting the various aspects of statistical methodology, applications, and recent developments.

The Handbook of Statistics, a series of self-contained reference books. Each volume is devoted to a particular topic in statistics with Volume 28 dealing with bioinformatics. Every chapter is written by prominent workers in the area to which the volume is devoted. The series is addressed to the entire community of statisticians and scientists in various disciplines who use statistical methodology in their work. At the same time, special emphasis is placed on applications-oriented techniques, with the applied statistician in mind as the primary audience.
Comprehensively presents the various aspects of statistical methodologyDiscusses a wide variety of diverse applications and recent developmentsContributors are internationally renowned experts in their respective areas"

The first edition of Theory of Rank Tests (1967) has been the precursor to a unified and theoretically motivated treatise of the basic theory of tests based on ranks of the sample observations. For more than 25 years, it helped raise a generation of statisticians in cultivating their theoretical research in this fertile area, as well as in using these tools in their application oriented research. The present edition not only aims to revive this classical text by updating the findings but also by incorporating several other important areas which were either not properly developed before 1965 or have gone through an evolutionary development during the past 30 years. This edition therefore aims to fulfill the needs of academic as well as professional statisticians who want to pursue nonparametrics in their academic projects, consultation, and applied research works.
Key Features
* Asymptotic Methods
* Nonparametrics
* Convergence of Probability Measures
* Statistical Inference

"Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance: Muscle Building, Endurance, and Strength" provides a comprehensive overview to understanding the integrated impact of nutrition on performance. The book is divided into five main themes: An introductory overview of the role of nutrition in human healthVarious types of physical exercises, including cardiovascular training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercise, bioenergetics, and energy balance. This section also covers the nutritional requirements associated with various fitness programs, as well as exercise and nutritional requirements in special populations, including the pre-pubertal, young, elderly, and disabled. Sports and nutritional requirements.The molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building A thorough review of various food, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, small molecules and other ergogenic agents that have been implicated in muscle building and human performance

This book is an ideal resource for nutritionists, dietitians, exercise physiologists, health practitioners, researchers, students, athletes, trainers, and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge of nutrition and its role in human performance.
Discusses the impact of nutrition, including food, minerals, vitamins, hormones, trace elements, etc., that can significantly attenuate/improve human performance and sportsAddresses the molecular and cellular pathways involved in the physiology of muscle growth and the mechanisms by which nutrients affect muscle health, growth and maintenanceEncompasses multiple forms of sports/performance and the salient contribution of appropriate nutrition on special populations, including nutritional guidelines and recommendations to athletesStrong focus on muscle building

Oxidation is any reaction in which electrons are removed from a molecule, thus increasing the number of binding sites on the molecule that are able to react with other atoms and molecules.;This volume addresses oxidant-reduction or redox and antioxidant sensitive molecular mechanisms and how they are implicated in different disease processes. Recent work in this area has revealed that these mechanisms may be linked with different disease processes, such as immune response, cell proliferation, inflammation, metabolism, ageing and cell death. Possible strategies to pharmacologically and/or nutritionally manipulate such redox-sensitive molecular responses are emphasized.

Professor Herbert A. David of Iowa State University will be turning 70 on December 19, 1995. He is reaching this milestone in life with a very distinguished career as a statistician, educator and administrator. We are bringing out this volume in his honor to celebrate this occasion and to recognize his contributions to order statistics, biostatistics and design of experiments, among others; and to the statistical profession in general. With great admiration, respect and pleasure we dedicate this festschrift to Professor Herbert A. David, also known as Herb and H.A. among his friends, colleagues and students. When we began this project in Autumn 1993 and contacted potential contributors from the above group, the enthu siasm was phenomenal. The culmination of this collective endeavor is this volume that is being dedicated to him to celebrate his upcoming birthday. Several individuals have contributed in various capacities to the success ful completion of this project. We sincerely thank the authors of the papers appearing here. Without their dedicated work, we would just have this pref ace Many of them have served as (anonymous) referees as well. In addition, we are thankful to the following colleagues for their time and advice: John Bunge (Cornell), Z. Govindarajulu (Kentucky), John Klein (Medical U."

The focus of this study is the economic performance of East Asia since the 1960s. It looks at the common forces, generated by each country's policies, that jointly produced successful outcomes. The roles of macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are analysed. For comparison, the same framework is used to examine the less successful performance of the Indian economy. The analysis emphasises the significance of the overall institutional context in which policies are implemented in determining their effectiveness.

Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance: Muscle Building, Endurance and Strength, Second Edition, includes comprehensive sections on the role of nutrition in human health, various types of physical exercises, including cardiovascular training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercises, bioenergetics and energy balance, and the nutritional requirements associated with each. Other sections cover sports and nutritional requirements, the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building, an exhaustive review of various foods, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, competition training, healthy cooking, physical training, and lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance. This updated edition includes new chapters on mood, alertness, calmness and psychomotor performance in sports, extreme sports, natural myostatin inhibitor and lean body mass, the benefits of caffeine in sport nutrition formulations, the role of vitamin D in athletic performance, probiotics and muscle mass.

Zero indicates the absence of a quantity or a magnitude. It is so deeply rooted in our psyche today that nobody will possibly ask "What is zero?" From the beginning of the very creation of life, the feeling of lack of something or the vision of emptiness/void has been embedded by the creator in all living beings. While recognizing different things as well as the absence of one of these things are easy, it is not so easy to fathom the complete nothingness viz. the universal void. Although we have a very good understanding of nothingness or, equivalently, a zero today, our forefathers had devoted countless hours and arrived at the representation and integration of zero and its compatibility not only with all non-zero numbers but also with all conceivable environments only after many painstaking centuries. Zero can be viewed/perceived in two distinct forms: (i) as a number in our mundane affairs and (ii) as the horrific void or Absolute Reality in the spiritual plane/the ultimate state of mind. Presented are the reasons why zero is a landmark discovery and why it has the potential to conjure up in an intense thinker the dreadful nothingness unlike those of other numbers such as 1, 2, and 3. Described are the representation of zero and its history including its deeper understanding via calculus, its occurrences and various roles in different countries as well as in sciences/engineering along with a stress on the Indian zero that is accepted as the time-invariant unique absolute zero. This is followed by the significant distinction between mathematics and computational mathematics and the concerned differences between the unique absolute zero and non-unique relative numerical zeros and their impact and importance in computations on a digital computer.

This volume deals with the fundamental concepts of space, time and matter. It presents a novel reformulation of both the special and general theory of relativity, in which time does not constitute the fourth dimension in a conventional 4-dimensional space-time. Instead, the role of time is played by the flow of a vector field on a 3-dimensional space. The standard models of de Sitter, Schwarzschild and Kerr space-times are reformulated in a purely 3-dimensional manifold.The volume also presents a theory of matter in which the fundamental particles, such as baryons and leptons, appear as a result of an interaction between left-handed and right-handed 2-component Weyl neutrinos. The Appendices contain a comprehensive treatment of classical mechanics in terms of Hamiltonian vector fields on symplectic manifolds. Graduate students of mathematical physics or theoretical physics, as well as academics, will find this volume of interest.

This text bridges the gap between sound theoretcial developments and practical, fruitful methodology by providing solid justification for standard symptotic statistical methods. It contains a unified survey of standard large sample theory and provides access to more complex statistical models that arise in diverse practical applications.

This text bridges the gap between sound theoretcial developments and practical, fruitful methodology by providing solid justification for standard symptotic statistical methods. It contains a unified survey of standard large sample theory and provides access to more complex statistical models that arise in diverse practical applications.

This book provides a comparative picture of the restructuring experiences of five Asian economies: South Korea, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand and India. In the case of Indonesia and Thailand, the focus is on short-run structural adjustment measures, and in the case of South Korea and Singapore, the emphasis is on longer term industrial, trade, labour and financial sector policies. The chapter on India views the country's economic development in the light of the above analysis. The political economy of the policy-making process is examined in each case.

This book examines the politics behind, and the socio-economic and ecological repercussions of, the making of a new township, variously called New Town, Megacity or Jyoti Basu Nagar, in Rajarhat near Kolkata. Conceived by the West Bengal state government in the mid-1990s, in pandering to the vision of urban planners of creating a hi-tech town beyond an unruly, crowded Kolkata, and feeding the hunger of realtors and developers, the city is built on the foundations of coercive, even violent, land acquisition, state largesse and corruption - and at the cost of erasing a self-sufficient subsistence economy and despoiling a fragile environment. Yet, after its completion and departure of construction labour, the new town appears as a necropolis, a ghost city, that belies its promised image of an urban utopia, even as the displaced locals lead a precarious, mobile existence as 'transit labour', engaged in odd and informal jobs. Written on the basis of intensive fieldwork, government documents, court records, and chronicles of public protests, this book broadly analyses the politics and economics of urbanisation in the age of post-colonial capitalism, particularly the paradoxical combination of neoliberal and primitive modes of capital accumulation upon which the global emergence of 'new towns' is based. Departing from the dominant styles of urban studies that focus on cultural or spatial analysis of cities, the authors show the links between changes in space, technology, political economy, class composition, and forms of urban politics which give concrete shape to a city. It will immensely interest those in sociology, political science, economics, development studies, urban studies, policy and governance studies, and history.

This volume explores the transition from colonial to constitutional rule in India, and the various configurations of power and legitimacies that emerged from it. It focuses on the developmental structures and paradigms that provided the circumstances for this transition, and the establishment of the post-colonial state. Different articles interrogate the idea of liberal constitutionalism, the spaces it provides for rights and claims, the assumptions it makes about citizenship and its attendant duties, and the assumptions it further makes about what it can, or has to, become in the particular situation of India. The book locates these questions in the reconfiguration of society, power, and the economy since the shift in the identity of the state after Independence, and deals with issues of constitution-making in a historical and political setting and its outcomes, especially the centrality of law and legalisms, in shaping civil society. With a companion volume on the transition to a constitutional form of governance and the consequent moulding of the citizens, this book emphasises continuity and change in the context of the movement from the colonial to the constitutional order. It will be of interest to those in politics, history, South Asian studies, policy studies, and sociology.

This volume looks at the ways in which governance in the exercise of its strategies also acts as a process of production of subjects. It argues that governance is not a one-sided affair starting and ending with those who rule and govern, producing fiats, decrees, and diktats, but a productive process - one that produces subjects of governance who in turn respond to the process, and make the field of governance a contentious one. Against the backdrop of the first transition of democracy in India from its origin in a colonial polity to the first phase of its independent life after the promulgation of the Indian Constitution in 1950, this volume explores the second transition towards developmental democracy, examining the interrelations between globalisation, development and structures of governance. The volume suggests that while there is need to reflect on the governance of transition, it is important to question how democracy negotiates this transition.

This book examines the politics behind, and the socio-economic and ecological repercussions of, the making of a new township, variously called New Town, Megacity or Jyoti Basu Nagar, in Rajarhat near Kolkata. Conceived by the West Bengal state government in the mid-1990s, in pandering to the vision of urban planners of creating a hi-tech town beyond an unruly, crowded Kolkata, and feeding the hunger of realtors and developers, the city is built on the foundations of coercive, even violent, land acquisition, state largesse and corruption - and at the cost of erasing a self-sufficient subsistence economy and despoiling a fragile environment. Yet, after its completion and departure of construction labour, the new town appears as a necropolis, a ghost city, that belies its promised image of an urban utopia, even as the displaced locals lead a precarious, mobile existence as 'transit labour', engaged in odd and informal jobs. Written on the basis of intensive fieldwork, government documents, court records, and chronicles of public protests, this book broadly analyses the politics and economics of urbanisation in the age of post-colonial capitalism, particularly the paradoxical combination of neoliberal and primitive modes of capital accumulation upon which the global emergence of 'new towns' is based. Departing from the dominant styles of urban studies that focus on cultural or spatial analysis of cities, the authors show the links between changes in space, technology, political economy, class composition, and forms of urban politics which give concrete shape to a city. It will immensely interest those in sociology, political science, economics, development studies, urban studies, policy and governance studies, and history.

This volume explores the transition from colonial to constitutional rule in India, and the various configurations of power and legitimacies that emerged from it. It focuses on the developmental structures and paradigms that provided the circumstances for this transition, and the establishment of the post-colonial state. Different articles interrogate the idea of liberal constitutionalism, the spaces it provides for rights and claims, the assumptions it makes about citizenship and its attendant duties, and the assumptions it further makes about what it can, or has to, become in the particular situation of India. The book locates these questions in the reconfiguration of society, power, and the economy since the shift in the identity of the state after Independence, and deals with issues of constitution-making in a historical and political setting and its outcomes, especially the centrality of law and legalisms, in shaping civil society. With a companion volume on the transition to a constitutional form of governance and the consequent moulding of the citizens, this book emphasises continuity and change in the context of the movement from the colonial to the constitutional order. It will be of interest to those in politics, history, South Asian studies, policy studies, and sociology.

This volume looks at the ways in which governance in the exercise of its strategies also acts as a process of production of subjects. It argues that governance is not a one-sided affair starting and ending with those who rule and govern, producing fiats, decrees, and diktats, but a productive process -- one that produces subjects of governance who in turn respond to the process, and make the field of governance a contentious one. Against the backdrop of the first transition of democracy in India from its origin in a colonial polity to the first phase of its independent life after the promulgation of the Indian Constitution in 1950, this volume explores the second transition towards developmental democracy, examining the interrelations between globalisation, development and structures of governance. The volume suggests that while there is need to reflect on the governance of transition, it is important to question how democracy negotiates this transition.

This is a collection of theoretical papers, including contributions by Partha Dasgupta and three Nobel prize-winning economists: Kenneth Arrow, Amartya Sen, and Joseph Stiglitz. Originally published in 1982.

Based on the simulations developed in research groups over the past years, "Introduction to" "Quasi-dimensional Simulation of Spark Ignition Engines "provides a compilation of the main ingredients necessary to build up a quasi-dimensional computer simulation scheme. Quasi-dimensional computer simulation of spark ignition engines" "is a powerful but affordable tool which obtains realistic estimations of a wide variety of variables for a simulated engine keeping insight the basic physical and chemical processes involved in the real evolution of an automotive engine. With low computational costs, it can optimize the design and operation of spark ignition engines as well as it allows to analyze cycle-to-cycle fluctuations.""

Including details about the structure of a complete simulation scheme, information about what kind of information can be obtained, and comparisons of the simulation results with experiments, "Introduction to Quasi-dimensional Simulation of Spark Ignition Engines" offers a thorough guide of this technique. Advanced undergraduates and postgraduates as well as researchers in government and industry in all areas related to applied physics and mechanical and automotive engineering can apply these tools to simulate cyclic variability, potentially leading to new design and control alternatives for lowering emissions and expanding the actual operation limits of spark ignition engines"

This lecture notes in physics volume mainly focuses on the semi classical and qu- tum aspects of percolation and breakdown in disordered, composite or granular s- tems. The main reason for this undertaking has been the fact that, of late, there have been a lot of (theoretical) work on quantum percolation, but there is not even a (single) published review on the topic (and, of course, no book). Also, there are many theoretical and experimental studies on the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics both away from, as well as one approaches, an electrical breakdown in composite materials. Some of the results are quite intriguing and may broadly be explained utilising a semi classical (if not, fully quantum mechanical) tunnelling between - cron or nano-sized metallic islands dispersed separated by thin insulating layers, or in other words, between the dangling ends of small percolation clusters. There have also been several (theoretical) studies of Zener breakdown in Mott or Anderson in- lators. Again, there is no review available, connecting them in any coherent fashion. A compendium volume connecting these experimental and theoretical studies should be unique and very timely, and hence this volume. The book is organised as follows. For completeness, we have started with a short and concise introduction on classical percolation. In the ?rst chapter, D. Stauffer reviews the scaling theory of classical percolation emphasizing (biased) diffusion, without any quantum effects. The next chapter by A. K.

Based on the simulations developed in research groups over the past years, Introduction to Quasi-dimensional Simulation of Spark Ignition Engines provides a compilation of the main ingredients necessary to build up a quasi-dimensional computer simulation scheme. Quasi-dimensional computer simulation of spark ignition engines is a powerful but affordable tool which obtains realistic estimations of a wide variety of variables for a simulated engine keeping insight the basic physical and chemical processes involved in the real evolution of an automotive engine. With low computational costs, it can optimize the design and operation of spark ignition engines as well as it allows to analyze cycle-to-cycle fluctuations. Including details about the structure of a complete simulation scheme, information about what kind of information can be obtained, and comparisons of the simulation results with experiments, Introduction to Quasi-dimensional Simulation of Spark Ignition Engines offers a thorough guide of this technique. Advanced undergraduates and postgraduates as well as researchers in government and industry in all areas related to applied physics and mechanical and automotive engineering can apply these tools to simulate cyclic variability, potentially leading to new design and control alternatives for lowering emissions and expanding the actual operation limits of spark ignition engines