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Arsenic is likely the most talked-about metalloid in the modern
world because of its toxic effects on both animal and plants.
Further, arsenic pollution is now producing negative impacts on
food security, especially in many south Asian countries. Since
plants are a major food source, their adaptation to As-rich
environments is essential, as is being informed about recent
findings on multifarious aspects of the mechanisms of arsenic
toxicity and tolerance in plants. Although numerous research works
and review articles have been published in journals, annual reviews
and as book chapters, to date there has been no comprehensive book
on this topic. This book contains 19 informative chapters on
arsenic chemistry, plant uptake, toxicity and tolerance mechanisms,
as well as approaches to mitigation. Readers will be introduced to
the latest findings on plant responses to arsenic toxicity, various
tolerance mechanisms, and remediation techniques. As such, the book
offers a timely and valuable resource for a broad audience,
including plant scientists, soil scientists, environmental
scientists, agronomists, botanists and molecular biologists.
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Glutathione in Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Tolerance (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2017)
Mohammad Anwar Hossain, Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Pedro Diaz Vivancos, David J Burritt, Masayuki Fujita, …
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R5,379
R4,812
Discovery Miles 48 120
Save R567 (11%)
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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Glutathione ( -glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine) is a ubiquitously
distributed sulfurcontaining antioxidant molecule that plays key
roles in the regulation of plant growth, development, and abiotic
and biotic stress tolerance. It is one of the most powerful
low-molecular-weight thiols, which rapidly accumulates in plant
cells under stress. Recent in-depth studies on glutathione
homeostasis (biosynthesis, degradation, compartmentalization,
transport, and redox turnover) and the roles of glutathione in cell
proliferation and environmental stress tolerance have provided new
insights for plant biologists to conduct research aimed at
deciphering the mechanisms associated with glutathione-mediated
plant growth and stress responses, as well as to develop
stress-tolerant crop plants. Glutathione has also been suggested to
be a potential regulator of epigenetic modifications, playing
important roles in the regulation of genes involved in the
responses of plants to changing environments. The dynamic
relationship between reduced glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen
species (ROS) has been well documented, and glutathione has been
shown to participate in several cell signaling and metabolic
processes, involving the synthesis of protein, the transport of
amino acids, DNA repair, the control of cell division, and
programmed cell death. Two genes, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
(GSH1) and glutathione synthetase (GSH2), are involved in GSH
synthesis, and genetic manipulation of these genes can modulate
cellular glutathione levels. Any fluctuations in cellular GSH and
oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels have profound effects on plant
growth and development, as glutathione is associated with the
regulation of the cell cycle, redox signaling, enzymatic
activities, defense gene expression, systemic acquired resistance,
xenobiotic detoxification, and biological nitrogen fixation. Being
a major constituent of the glyoxalase system and
ascorbate-glutathione cycle, GSH helps to control multiple abiotic
and biotic stress signaling pathways through the regulation of ROS
and methylglyoxal (MG) levels. In addition, glutathione metabolism
has the potential to be genetically or biochemically manipulated to
develop stress-tolerant and nutritionally improved crop plants.
Although significant progress has been made in investigating the
multiple roles of glutathione in abiotic and biotic stress
tolerance, many aspects of glutathione-mediated stress responses
require additional research. The main objective of this volume is
to explore the diverse roles of glutathione in plants by providing
basic, comprehensive, and in-depth molecular information for
advanced students, scholars, teachers, and scientists interested in
or already engaged in research that involves glutathione. Finally,
this book will be a valuable resource for future
glutathione-related research and can be considered as a textbook
for graduate students and as a reference book for frontline
researchers working on glutathione metabolism in relation to plant
growth, development, stress responses, and stress tolerance.
Ascorbic acid (AsA), vitamin C, is one of the most abundant
water-soluble antioxidant in plants and animals. In plants AsA
serves as a major redox buffer and regulates various physiological
processes controlling growth, development, and stress tolerance.
Recent studies on AsA homeostasis have broadened our understanding
of these physiological events. At the mechanistic level, AsA has
been shown to participate in numerous metabolic and cell signaling
processes, and the dynamic relationship between AsA and reactive
oxygen species (ROS) has been well documented. Being a major
component of the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle, AsA helps
to modulate oxidative stress in plants by controlling ROS
detoxification alone and in co-operation with glutathione. In
contrast to the single pathway responsible for AsA biosynthesis in
animals, plants utilize multiple pathways to synthesize AsA,
perhaps reflecting the importance of this molecule to plant health.
Any fluctuations, increases or decreases, in cellular AsA levels
can have profound effects on plant growth and development, as AsA
is associated with the regulation of the cell cycle, redox
signaling, enzyme function and defense gene expression. Although
there has been significant progress made investigating the multiple
roles AsA plays in stress tolerance, many aspects of AsA-mediated
physiological responses require additional research if AsA
metabolism is to be manipulated to enhance stress-tolerance. This
book summarizes the roles of AsA that are directly or indirectly
involved in the metabolic processes and physiological functions of
plants. Key topics include AsA biosynthesis and metabolism,
compartmentation and transport, AsA-mediated ROS detoxification, as
well as AsA signaling functions in plant growth, development and
responses to environmental stresses. The main objective of this
volume is therefore to supply comprehensive and up-to-date
information for students, scholars and scientists interested in or
currently engaged in AsA research.
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Sustainable Crop Production (Hardcover)
Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho, Masayuki Fujita, Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira
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R4,049
R3,777
Discovery Miles 37 770
Save R272 (7%)
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Ships in 10 - 15 working days
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In nature, plants are constantly challenged by various abiotic and
biotic stresses that can restrict their growth, development and
yields. In the course of their evolution, plants have evolved a
variety of sophisticated and efficient mechanisms to sense, respond
to, and adapt to changes in the surrounding environment. A common
defensive mechanism activated by plants in response to abiotic
stress is the production and accumulation of compatible solutes
(also called osmolytes). This include amino acids (mainly proline),
amines (such as glycinebetaine and polyamines), and sugars (such as
trehalose and sugar alcohols), all of which are readily soluble in
water and non-toxic at high concentrations. The metabolic pathways
involved in the biosynthesis and catabolism of compatible solutes,
and the mechanisms that regulate their cellular concentrations and
compartmentalization are well characterized in many important plant
species. Numerous studies have provided evidence that enhanced
accumulation of compatible solutes in plants correlates with
increased resistance to abiotic stresses. New insights into the
mechanisms associated with osmolyte accumulation in transgenic
plants and the responses of plants to exogenous application of
osmolyte, will further enhance our understanding of the mechanisms
by which compatible solutes help to protect plants from damage due
to abiotic stress and the potential roles compatible solutes could
play in improving plants growth and development under optimal
conditions for growth. Although there has been significant progress
made in understanding the multiple roles of compatible solute in
abiotic stress tolerance, many aspects associated with compatible
solute-mediated abiotic stress responses and stress tolerance still
require more research. As well as providing basic up-to-date
information on the biosynthesis, compartmentalization and transport
of compatible solute in plants, this book will also give insights
into the direct or indirect involvement of these key compatible
solutes in many important metabolic processes and physiological
functions, including their antioxidant and signaling functions, and
roles in modulating plant growth, development and abiotic stress
tolerance. In this book, Osmoprotectant-mediated abiotic stress
tolerance in plants: recent advances and future perspectives, we
present a collection of 16 chapters written by leading experts
engaged with compatible solute-induced abiotic stress tolerance in
plants. The main objective of this volume is to promote the
important roles of these compatible solutes in plant biology, by
providing an integrated and comprehensive mix of basic and advanced
information for students, scholars and scientists interested in, or
already engaged in, research involving osmoprotectant. Finally,
this book will be a valuable resource for future environmental
stress-related research, and can be considered as a textbook for
graduate students and as a reference book for front-line
researchers working on the relationships between osmoprotectant and
abiotic stress responses and tolerance in plants.
Silicon and Nano-silicon in Environmental Stress Management and
Crop Quality Improvement: Progress and Prospects provides a
comprehensive overview of the latest understanding of the
physiological, biochemical and molecular basis of silicon- and
nano-silicon-mediated environmental stress tolerance and crop
quality improvements in plants. The book not only covers
silicon-induced biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crops but is
also the first to include nano-silicon-mediated approaches to
environmental stress tolerance in crops. As nanotechnology has
emerged as a prominent tool for enhancing agricultural
productivity, and with the production and applications of
nanoparticles (NPs) greatly increasing in many industries, this
book is a welcomed resource.
Plants are frequently exposed to unfavorable and adverse
environmental conditions known as abiotic stressors. These factors
can include salinity, drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metals,
and UV radiation which pose serious threats to the sustainability
of crop yields. Since abiotic stresses are major constraints for
crop production, finding the approaches to enhance stress tolerance
is crucial to increase crop production and increase food security.
This book discusses approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance
in crop plants on a global scale. Plants scientists and breeders
will learn how to further mitigate plant responses and develop new
crop varieties for the changing climate.
Global climate change affects crop production through altered
weather patterns and increased environmental stresses. Such
stresses include soil salinity, drought, flooding, metal/metalloid
toxicity, pollution, and extreme temperatures. The variability of
these environmental conditions pared with the sessile lifestyle of
plants contribute to high exposure to these stress factors.
Increasing tolerance of crop plants to abiotic stresses is needed
to fulfill increased food needs of the population. This book
focuses on methods of improving plants tolerance to abiotic
stresses. It provides information on how protective agents,
including exogenous phytoprotectants, can mitigate abiotic
stressors affecting plants. The application of various
phytoprotectants has become one of the most effective approaches in
enhancing the tolerance of plants to these stresses.
Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail including information on
osmoprotectants, antioxidants, phytohormones, nitric oxide,
polyamines, amino acids, and nutrient elements of plants. Providing
a valuable resource of information on phytoprotectants, this book
is useful in diverse areas of life sciences including agronomy,
plant physiology, cell biology, environmental sciences, and
biotechnology.
In nature, plants are constantly challenged by various abiotic and
biotic stresses that can restrict their growth, development and
yields. In the course of their evolution, plants have evolved a
variety of sophisticated and efficient mechanisms to sense, respond
to, and adapt to changes in the surrounding environment. A common
defensive mechanism activated by plants in response to abiotic
stress is the production and accumulation of compatible solutes
(also called osmolytes). This include amino acids (mainly proline),
amines (such as glycinebetaine and polyamines), and sugars (such as
trehalose and sugar alcohols), all of which are readily soluble in
water and non-toxic at high concentrations. The metabolic pathways
involved in the biosynthesis and catabolism of compatible solutes,
and the mechanisms that regulate their cellular concentrations and
compartmentalization are well characterized in many important plant
species. Numerous studies have provided evidence that enhanced
accumulation of compatible solutes in plants correlates with
increased resistance to abiotic stresses. New insights into the
mechanisms associated with osmolyte accumulation in transgenic
plants and the responses of plants to exogenous application of
osmolyte, will further enhance our understanding of the mechanisms
by which compatible solutes help to protect plants from damage due
to abiotic stress and the potential roles compatible solutes could
play in improving plants growth and development under optimal
conditions for growth. Although there has been significant progress
made in understanding the multiple roles of compatible solute in
abiotic stress tolerance, many aspects associated with compatible
solute-mediated abiotic stress responses and stress tolerance still
require more research. As well as providing basic up-to-date
information on the biosynthesis, compartmentalization and transport
of compatible solute in plants, this book will also give insights
into the direct or indirect involvement of these key compatible
solutes in many important metabolic processes and physiological
functions, including their antioxidant and signaling functions, and
roles in modulating plant growth, development and abiotic stress
tolerance. In this book, Osmoprotectant-mediated abiotic stress
tolerance in plants: recent advances and future perspectives, we
present a collection of 16 chapters written by leading experts
engaged with compatible solute-induced abiotic stress tolerance in
plants. The main objective of this volume is to promote the
important roles of these compatible solutes in plant biology, by
providing an integrated and comprehensive mix of basic and advanced
information for students, scholars and scientists interested in, or
already engaged in, research involving osmoprotectant. Finally,
this book will be a valuable resource for future environmental
stress-related research, and can be considered as a textbook for
graduate students and as a reference book for front-line
researchers working on the relationships between osmoprotectant and
abiotic stress responses and tolerance in plants.
Agricultural biostimulants are a group of substances or
microorganisms, based on natural resources, that are applied to
plants or soils to improve nutrient uptake and plant growth, and
provide better tolerance to various stresses. Their function is to
stimulate the natural processes of plants, or to enrich the soil
microbiome to improve plant growth, nutrition, abiotic and/or
biotic stress tolerance, yield and quality of crop plants. Interest
in plant biostimulants has been on the rise over the past 10 years,
driven by the growing interest of researchers and farmers in
environmentally-friendly tools for improved crop performance.
Focusing on recent progress on biostimulants and their role in crop
production and agricultural sustainability, this book includes: 31
chapters on a wide range of biostimulants and their role in plant
growth stimulation and stress tolerance. Mechanism of actions of
diverse groups of biostimulants, such as trace elements, plant and
seaweed extracts, humic substances, polyamines, osmolytes,
vitamins, nanoparticles and microorganisms. New promising
biostimulants with novel modes of action. Improved crop production
technologies are urgently needed to meet the growing demand for
food for the ever-increasing global population by addressing the
impacts of changing climate on agriculture. This book is of
interest to researchers in agriculture, agronomy, crop and plant
science, soil science and environmental science.
Plants are frequently exposed to unfavorable and adverse
environmental conditions known as abiotic stressors. These factors
can include salinity, drought, heat, cold, flooding, heavy metals,
and UV radiation which pose serious threats to the sustainability
of crop yields. Since abiotic stresses are major constraints for
crop production, finding the approaches to enhance stress tolerance
is crucial to increase crop production and increase food security.
This book discusses approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance
in crop plants on a global scale. Plants scientists and breeders
will learn how to further mitigate plant responses and develop new
crop varieties for the changing climate.
Global climate change affects crop production through altered
weather patterns and increased environmental stresses. Such
stresses include soil salinity, drought, flooding, metal/metalloid
toxicity, pollution, and extreme temperatures. The variability of
these environmental conditions pared with the sessile lifestyle of
plants contribute to high exposure to these stress factors.
Increasing tolerance of crop plants to abiotic stresses is needed
to fulfill increased food needs of the population. This book
focuses on methods of improving plants tolerance to abiotic
stresses. It provides information on how protective agents,
including exogenous phytoprotectants, can mitigate abiotic
stressors affecting plants. The application of various
phytoprotectants has become one of the most effective approaches in
enhancing the tolerance of plants to these stresses.
Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail including information on
osmoprotectants, antioxidants, phytohormones, nitric oxide,
polyamines, amino acids, and nutrient elements of plants. Providing
a valuable resource of information on phytoprotectants, this book
is useful in diverse areas of life sciences including agronomy,
plant physiology, cell biology, environmental sciences, and
biotechnology.
This book contains current knowledge and the most recent
developments in the field of halophyte biology, ecology, and
potential uses. Halophytes are characterised as plants that can
survive and complete their life cycle in highly saline
environments. This book explores the adaptive mechanisms and
special features of halophytes that allow them to grow in
environments that are unsuitable for conventional crops and
considers their role as a source of food, fuel, fodder, fibre,
essential oils, and medicines. Halophytes and Climate Change
includes coverage of: - Special morphological, anatomical, and
physiological features of halophytes - Ion accumulation patterns
and homeostasis in halophytes - Potential use of halophytes in the
remediation of saline soil - Growth and physiological response and
tolerance to toxicity and drought - Mangrove ecology, physiology,
and adaptation Written by a team of international authors and
presented in full colour, this book is an essential resource for
researchers in the fields of plant physiology, ecology, soil
science, environmental science, botany, and agriculture.
Advances in Rice Research for Abiotic Stress Tolerance provides an
important guide to recognizing, assessing and addressing the broad
range of environmental factors that can inhibit rice yield. As a
staple food for nearly half of the world's population, and in light
of projected population growth, improving and increasing rice yield
is imperative. This book presents current research on abiotic
stresses including extreme temperature variance, drought, hypoxia,
salinity, heavy metal, nutrient deficiency and toxicity stresses.
Going further, it identifies a variety of approaches to alleviate
the damaging effects and improving the stress tolerance of rice.
Advances in Rice Research for Abiotic Stress Tolerance provides an
important reference for those ensuring optimal yields from this
globally important food crop.
Highlighting the control of networked robotic systems, this book
synthesizes a unified passivity-based approach to an emerging
cross-disciplinary subject. Thanks to this unified approach,
readers can access various state-of-the-art research fields by
studying only the background foundations associated with passivity.
In addition to the theoretical results and techniques, the authors
provide experimental case studies on testbeds of robotic systems
including networked haptic devices, visual robotic systems, robotic
network systems and visual sensor network systems. The text begins
with an introduction to passivity and passivity-based control
together with the other foundations needed in this book. The main
body of the book consists of three parts. The first examines how
passivity can be utilized for bilateral teleoperation and
demonstrates the inherent robustness of the passivity-based
controller against communication delays. The second part emphasizes
passivity's usefulness for visual feedback control and estimation.
Convergence is rigorously proved even when other passive components
are interconnected. The passivity approach is also differentiated
from other methodologies. The third part presents the unified
passivity-based control-design methodology for multi-agent systems.
This scheme is shown to be either immediately applicable or easily
extendable to the solution of various motion coordination problems
including 3-D attitude/pose synchronization, flocking control and
cooperative motion estimation. Academic researchers and
practitioners working in systems and control and/or robotics will
appreciate the potential of the elegant and novel approach to the
control of networked robots presented here. The limited background
required and the case-study work described also make the text
appropriate for and, it is hoped, inspiring to students.
Priming-Mediated Stress and Cross-Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants
provides the latest, in-depth understanding of the molecular
mechanisms associated with the development of stress and
cross-stress tolerance in plants. Plants growing under field
conditions are constantly exposed, either sequentially or
simultaneously, to many abiotic or biotic stress factors. As a
result, many plants have developed unique strategies to respond to
ever-changing environmental conditions, enabling them to monitor
their surroundings and adjust their metabolic systems to maintain
homeostasis. Recently, priming mediated stress and cross-stress
tolerance (i.e., greater tolerance to a second, stronger stress
after exposure to a different, milder primary stress) have
attracted considerable interest within the scientific community as
potential means of stress management and for producing
stress-resistant crops to aid global food security.
Priming-Mediated Stress and Cross-Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants
comprehensively reviews the physiological, biochemical, and
molecular basis of cross-tolerance phenomena, allowing researchers
to develop strategies to enhance crop productivity under stressful
conditions and to utilize natural resources more efficiently. The
book is a valuable asset for plant and agricultural scientists in
corporate or government environments, as well as educators and
advanced students looking to promote future research into plant
stress tolerance.
Cadmium Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants: From Physiology to
Remediation presents a single research resource on the latest in
cadmium toxicity and tolerance in plants. The book covers many
important areas, including means of Cd reduction, from plant
adaptation, including antioxidant defense, active excretion and
chelation, to phytoextraction, rhizo filtration, phytodegradation,
and much more. In addition, it explores important insights into the
physiological and molecular mechanisms of Cd uptake and transport
and presents options for improving resistance to Cd stresses. It
will be ideal for both researchers and students working on cadmium
pollution, plant responses and related fields of environmental
contamination and toxicology.
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the four metals that have been raising
apprehension world-wide as environmental, agricultural and health
hazards in recent decades. Cadmium accumulates in the soil
naturally or through anthropogenic activities, such as mining,
industrial waste disposal, use and disposal of batteries and
sludges, and application of pesticides and fertilisers. Cadmium
accumulation can result in severe deterioration of natural
resources, disturbance of ecosystems, and deleterious effects on
plants, animals and human health. In recent decades, the number of
publications focused on cadmium toxicity in plants and animals has
been growing exponentially, making this topic impossible to
accommodate within the scope of a single volume. This book edited
by Dr Mirza Hasanuzzaman and Dr Masayuki Fujita presents a
collection of 16 chapters written by 67 experts from 19 countries
working on cadmium toxicity. This volume provides the readers with
a background for understanding cadmium toxicity, its environmental
and health aspects, and its remediation mechanisms. Various
chapters included in this book provide a state-of-the-art account
of the information as a resourceful guide suited for scholars and
researchers working in the field of cadmium. This book is a
invaluable resource for plant biologists, agriculturists,
toxicologists, biochemists, environmental scientists,
physiologists, pharmacologists, geneticists, molecular biologists;
as well as graduate students in these disciplines.
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