Corpus linguistics is often regarded as a methodology in its own right, but little attention has been given to the theoretical perspectives from which the subject can be approached. The present book contributes to filling this gap. Bringing together original contributions by internationally renowned authors, the chapters include coverage of the lexical priming theory, parole-linguistics, a four-part model of language system and language use, and the concept of local textual functions. The theoretical arguments are illustrated and complemented by case studies using data from large corpora such as the BNC, smaller purpose-built corpora, and Google searches. By presenting theoretical positions in corpus linguistics, "Text, Discourse, and Corpora" provides an essential overview for advanced undergraduate, postgraduate and academic readers. "Corpus and Discourse Series" editors are: Wolfgang Teubert, University of Birmingham, and Michaela Mahlberg, Liverpool Hope University College. Editorial Board: Frantisek Cermak (Prague), Susan Conrad (Portland), Geoffrey Leech (Lancaster), Elena Tognini-Bonelli (Lecce and TWC), Ruth Wodak (Lancaster and Vienna), and Feng Zhiwei (Beijing). Corpus linguistics provides the methodology to extract meaning from texts. Taking as its starting point the fact that language is not a mirror of reality but lets us share what we know, believe and think about reality, it focuses on language as a social phenomenon, and makes visible the attitudes and beliefs expressed by the members of a discourse community. Consisting of both spoken and written language, discourse always has historical, social, functional, and regional dimensions. Discourse can be monolingual or multilingual, interconnected by translations. Discourse is where language and social studies meet. "The Corpus and Discourse" series consists of two strands. The first, "Research in Corpus and Discourse", features innovative contributions to various aspects of corpus linguistics and a wide range of applications, from language technology via the teaching of a second language to a history of mentalities. The second strand, "Studies in Corpus and Discourse", is comprised of key texts bridging the gap between social studies and linguistics. Although equally academically rigorous, this strand will be aimed at a wider audience of academics and postgraduate students working in both disciplines.

(1) A focus on cross / inter disciplinary themes, addressing the future of urban planning and real estate development against the backcloth of the environmental emergency and the present forefront of a post-pandemic world. (2) Linking, analysing, projecting the future for development and the environment (3) Providing a comprehensive explanation of Strategic Foresight as a methodology for ‘futures thinking’ which is then applied as a thread linking the Themes and Discourses about the text. (4) The book is composed to address an international readership. (5) Catering for the growing internationalisation of the built environment professions

The role of language is central in education - but there is much debate about the exact relation between children's language and their educational success. The author provides a clear guide to the basic issues in the debates over language deficit, standard English and classroom language, and in this edition he shows how work in sociolinguistics can give a better understanding of the place of language in education and society.

(1) A focus on cross / inter disciplinary themes, addressing the future of urban planning and real estate development against the backcloth of the environmental emergency and the present forefront of a post-pandemic world. (2) Linking, analysing, projecting the future for development and the environment (3) Providing a comprehensive explanation of Strategic Foresight as a methodology for ‘futures thinking’ which is then applied as a thread linking the Themes and Discourses about the text. (4) The book is composed to address an international readership. (5) Catering for the growing internationalisation of the built environment professions

This fourth edition of Urban Planning and Real Estate Development guides readers through the procedural and practical aspects of developing land from the point of view of both planner and developer. The twin processes of planning and property development are inextricably linked - it is not possible to carry out a development strategy without an understanding of the planning process, and, equally, planners need to know how real estate developers do their job. The planning system is explained, from the increasing emphasis on spatial planning at a national, local, and neighbourhood level down to the detailed perspective of the development management process and the specialist requirements of historic buildings and conservation areas. At the same time, the authors explain the entire development process from inception, through appraisal, valuation, and financing, to completion. Sustainability and corporate social responsibility and their impact on planning and development are covered in detail, and the future consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are explored in new opening and closing chapters setting the text in a global context. Written by a team of authors with many years of academic, professional, and research experience, and illustrated throughout with practical case studies and follow-up resources, this book is an invaluable textbook for real estate and planning students and helps to meet the requirements of the RICS and RTPI Assessment of Professional Competence.

Despite a vast amount of study, literacy is still a very confused topic, which requires the integration of findings from different areas. Reading and writing are psychological skills, but they are also linguistic skills (since people read and write meaningful language) and social skills (since written language serves particular functions in different societies). In this book Michael Stubbs provides a basis for a sociolinguistic theory of literacy. He believes that a systematic theory of literacy must be based on an understanding of a number of factors, such as the relationship between written and spoken language, including how English spelling works and how it is related to spoken English. Also of paramount importance are the social, educational and technological pressures on written language, which are particularly powerful in the case of an international language like English; the social and communicative functions which written language serves - largely administrative and intellectual functions; and the variability of spoken language and the relative uniformity of written language. The book also discusses the arguments behind deprivation theory as an explanation of educational failure. Reading failure is not well understood, but the author stresses that a vital element is the attitude of teachers towards the child's language. He emphasizes that it is important that teachers should understand as much as possible about the relationship between written language and the child's spoken language. Such understanding, he argues, can only increase tolerance of regional, social and ethnic diversity in language.

Despite a vast amount of study, literacy is still a very confused topic, which requires the integration of findings from different areas. Reading and writing are psychological skills, but they are also linguistic skills (since people read and write meaningful language) and social skills (since written language serves particular functions in different societies). In this book Michael Stubbs provides a basis for a sociolinguistic theory of literacy. He believes that a systematic theory of literacy must be based on an understanding of a number of factors, such as the relationship between written and spoken language, including how English spelling works and how it is related to spoken English. Also of paramount importance are the social, educational and technological pressures on written language, which are particularly powerful in the case of an international language like English; the social and communicative functions which written language serves - largely administrative and intellectual functions; and the variability of spoken language and the relative uniformity of written language. The book also discusses the arguments behind deprivation theory as an explanation of educational failure. Reading failure is not well understood, but the author stresses that a vital element is the attitude of teachers towards the child's language. He emphasizes that it is important that teachers should understand as much as possible about the relationship between written language and the child's spoken language. Such understanding, he argues, can only increase tolerance of regional, social and ethnic diversity in language.

The role of language is central in education but there is much debate about the exact relation between children s language and their educational success. The author provides a clear guide to the basic issues in the debates over language deficit, standard English and classroom language, and in this edition he shows how work in sociolinguistics can give a better understanding of the place of language in education and society.

This fourth edition of Urban Planning and Real Estate Development guides readers through the procedural and practical aspects of developing land from the point of view of both planner and developer. The twin processes of planning and property development are inextricably linked - it is not possible to carry out a development strategy without an understanding of the planning process, and, equally, planners need to know how real estate developers do their job. The planning system is explained, from the increasing emphasis on spatial planning at a national, local, and neighbourhood level down to the detailed perspective of the development management process and the specialist requirements of historic buildings and conservation areas. At the same time, the authors explain the entire development process from inception, through appraisal, valuation, and financing, to completion. Sustainability and corporate social responsibility and their impact on planning and development are covered in detail, and the future consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are explored in new opening and closing chapters setting the text in a global context. Written by a team of authors with many years of academic, professional, and research experience, and illustrated throughout with practical case studies and follow-up resources, this book is an invaluable textbook for real estate and planning students and helps to meet the requirements of the RICS and RTPI Assessment of Professional Competence.

Corpus linguistics is often regarded as a methodology in its own right, but little attention has been given to the theoretical perspectives from which the subject can be approached. The present book contributes to filling this gap. Bringing together original contributions by internationally renowned authors, the chapters include coverage of the lexical priming theory, parole-linguistics, a four-part model of language system and language use, and the concept of local textual functions. The theoretical arguments are illustrated and complemented by case studies using data from large corpora such as the BNC, smaller purpose-built corpora, and Google searches. By presenting theoretical positions in corpus linguistics, "Text, Discourse, and Corpora" provides an essential overview for advanced undergraduate, postgraduate and academic readers. "Corpus and Discourse Series" editors are: Wolfgang Teubert, University of Birmingham, and Michaela Mahlberg, Liverpool Hope University College. Editorial Board: Frantisek Cermak (Prague), Susan Conrad (Portland), Geoffrey Leech (Lancaster), Elena Tognini-Bonelli (Lecce and TWC), Ruth Wodak (Lancaster and Vienna), and Feng Zhiwei (Beijing). Corpus linguistics provides the methodology to extract meaning from texts. Taking as its starting point the fact that language is not a mirror of reality but lets us share what we know, believe and think about reality, it focuses on language as a social phenomenon, and makes visible the attitudes and beliefs expressed by the members of a discourse community. Consisting of both spoken and written language, discourse always has historical, social, functional, and regional dimensions. Discourse can be monolingual or multilingual, interconnected by translations. Discourse is where language and social studies meet. "The Corpus and Discourse" series consists of two strands. The first, "Research in Corpus and Discourse", features innovative contributions to various aspects of corpus linguistics and a wide range of applications, from language technology via the teaching of a second language to a history of mentalities. The second strand, "Studies in Corpus and Discourse", is comprised of key texts bridging the gap between social studies and linguistics. Although equally academically rigorous, this strand will be aimed at a wider audience of academics and postgraduate students working in both disciplines.

Linguistics has traditionally concentrated on studying single sentences or isolated speech acts. In this book Michael Stubbs explores one of the most promising new directions in contemporary linguistics--the study of many sentences and how they fit together to form discourse. Using many examples drawn from recorded conversations, fieldwork observations, experimental data, and written texts, he discusses such questions as how far discourse structure is comparable to sentence structure; whether it is possible to talk of "well formed" discourse as one does of "grammatical" sentences; and whether the relation between question and answer in conversation is syntactic, semantic, or pragmatic.