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As the leaders of a revolutionary, nationalist regime, the Egyptian
Free Officers who came to power following the 1952 Revolution
committed themselves to the attainment of goals associated with
modernization, namely rapid economic development based on State
planning and industrialization and the political mobilization of
society along State-decreed lines. Arising from a conference held
at the Centre of Middle Eastern Studies at SOAS, with contributions
from scholars from the Arab world, Europe and the US as well as the
UK, these papers raise the questions most important to students of
economic and political development.
The first major political biography of General Ioannis Metaxas, who
assumed dictatorial power in Greece in 1936 and oversaw the
resistance to the Italian invasion in the Second World War. As a
political portrait of the man, the book puts much emphasis on the
early career of Metaxas and his journey to state power, from 1920
to 1936. Drawing heavily on original Greek sources, the book makes
extensive use of Metaxa's diary, his correspondence, and the
evidence of his close friends and associates.
First published in 1978 Nasser and His Generation is one of the
most important books on modern Egyptian history. It goes much
further than a simple history of the Nasser regime or a
psychobiography of the Egyptian ruler. It examines his personality,
attitudes and beliefs and how these were informed or acquired and
seeks to explain what and who he was. But it also considers Nasser
to be a representative of a generation of Egyptians, many of whom
rode on his bandwagon to power, serve him, and then more or less
promptly forgot him. The first two parts set the scene for the
emergence of the military regime, highlighting the disintegration
of the old political order which the Free Officers overthrew in
1952. Part Three deals with Nasser in his several capacities as
absolute ruler of Egypt and his relations with Arabs, Israel and
the rest of the world. Part Four provides a depiction of Nasser as
the absolute ruler and Part Five attempts a general assessment of
Nasser's personality and his impact on Egypt. Based on archival
sources and extensive interviews with many of his associates,
closest members of his family and his deepest enemies, this volume
is a must read for any student of political history, African
studies, Middle East studies and political science.
Examining the theoretical problems which arose when the modern
European ideology of nationalism was adopted by Muslim societies
organized into formally modern states, this book, first published
in 1987, also deals with the practical difficulties arising from
the doctrinal incompatibility between Islam and the non-Muslim
concept of the territorial nation-state. It illustrates this
conflict with a consideration of the record of several states in
the Islamic world. It suggests that whereas the state, an
organization of power, has been a most durable institution in
Islamic history, the legitimacy of the nation-state has always been
challenged in favour of the wide Islamic Nation, the "umma", which
comprises all the faithful without reference to territorial
boundaries. To this extent too, the more recent conception of Arab
nationalism projects a far larger nation-state than the existing
territorial states in the Arab world today. This title will be of
interest to students of Middle Eastern studies.
The Middle East is a continuing crisis area in world politics. This
crisp and penetrating book, first published in 1971, analyses the
historical development of the major issues in Arab politics,
explains the conflicting interests now at stake in the Middle East
and how the politics of the area were likely to develop. It
examines, among other topics, the Palestine Liberation Movement,
the prospects for Arab unity, and Great Power interference, and was
written by one of the world's leading scholars writing on the
Middle East.
Examining the theoretical problems which arose when the modern
European ideology of nationalism was adopted by Muslim societies
organized into formally modern states, this book, first published
in 1987, also deals with the practical difficulties arising from
the doctrinal incompatibility between Islam and the non-Muslim
concept of the territorial nation-state. It illustrates this
conflict with a consideration of the record of several states in
the Islamic world. It suggests that whereas the state, an
organization of power, has been a most durable institution in
Islamic history, the legitimacy of the nation-state has always been
challenged in favour of the wide Islamic Nation, the "umma", which
comprises all the faithful without reference to territorial
boundaries. To this extent too, the more recent conception of Arab
nationalism projects a far larger nation-state than the existing
territorial states in the Arab world today. This title will be of
interest to students of Middle Eastern studies.
What does revolution mean in the Middle East? Can the Middle East
experience be compared with revolution in China, Latin America and
East Europe? These questions are the focus of this book, first
published in 1972, which examines the revolutionary significance of
the major economic, social and political changes in the Middle East
over the last fifty years. The special feature is the consideration
of the changing connotation of the word 'revolution' and a
recognition of a certain continuity in the political style of
Middle Eastern societies which limits the use of the term in
analysing the political change.
Amidst the turmoil in the Middle East, Jordan has presented a
striking example of relative stability, and in this study, first
published in 1967, Professor Vatikiotis sets out to show just how
far Jordan's stability depends on its army. The Jordan Arab Army,
for long better known as the Arab Legion, was one of the best small
fighting forces in the Middle East. Raised in 1921 by the late King
Abdullah, the legion helped him to pacify the tribes and establish
and extend his rule and authority over a fractious society in a
region of vast desert expanses. The Legion then expanded into a
disciplined military institution, but whereas the armies of several
Arab states were involved in coups, the Jordan Arab Army has no
such record. In this book, the author examines the particular
historical conditions from which a state emerged in Jordan, and the
role of the Arab Legion in its creation and consolidation.
The first major political biography of General Ioannis Metaxas, who
assumed dictatorial power in Greece in 1936 and oversaw the
resistance to the Italian invasion in the Second World War. As a
political portrait of the man, the book puts much emphasis on the
early career of Metaxas and his journey to state power, from 1920
to 1936. Drawing heavily on original Greek sources, the book makes
extensive use of Metaxa's diary, his correspondence, and the
evidence of his close friends and associates.
Amidst the turmoil in the Middle East, Jordan has presented a
striking example of relative stability, and in this study, first
published in 1967, Professor Vatikiotis sets out to show just how
far Jordan's stability depends on its army. The Jordan Arab Army,
for long better known as the Arab Legion, was one of the best small
fighting forces in the Middle East. Raised in 1921 by the late King
Abdullah, the legion helped him to pacify the tribes and establish
and extend his rule and authority over a fractious society in a
region of vast desert expanses. The Legion then expanded into a
disciplined military institution, but whereas the armies of several
Arab states were involved in coups, the Jordan Arab Army has no
such record. In this book, the author examines the particular
historical conditions from which a state emerged in Jordan, and the
role of the Arab Legion in its creation and consolidation.
What does revolution mean in the Middle East? Can the Middle East
experience be compared with revolution in China, Latin America and
East Europe? These questions are the focus of this book, first
published in 1972, which examines the revolutionary significance of
the major economic, social and political changes in the Middle East
over the last fifty years. The special feature is the consideration
of the changing connotation of the word 'revolution' and a
recognition of a certain continuity in the political style of
Middle Eastern societies which limits the use of the term in
analysing the political change.
The Middle East is a continuing crisis area in world politics. This
crisp and penetrating book, first published in 1971, analyses the
historical development of the major issues in Arab politics,
explains the conflicting interests now at stake in the Middle East
and how the politics of the area were likely to develop. It
examines, among other topics, the Palestine Liberation Movement,
the prospects for Arab unity, and Great Power interference, and was
written by one of the world's leading scholars writing on the
Middle East.
Three main themes are explored in this book, first published in
1984: the first is the problem of religion and politics as a major
and long-standing preoccupation of Middle-easterners or Arab
Muslims themselves; the second is that of the conflict-ridden
inter-Arab and regional politics, approached largely from a local
rather than an international perspective; the third deals with
Egypt. The book also enquires into the nature of rule and regimes
in the Middle East, the basis of authority and the arrangements for
the organisation, exercise and use of power. Drawing examples from
Egypt and the Fertile Crescent, the emphasis is on the relation
between tradition and politics, historical evolution and state
policy, domestic factors and external constraints.
Three main themes are explored in this book, first published in
1984: the first is the problem of religion and politics as a major
and long-standing preoccupation of Middle-easterners or Arab
Muslims themselves; the second is that of the conflict-ridden
inter-Arab and regional politics, approached largely from a local
rather than an international perspective; the third deals with
Egypt. The book also enquires into the nature of rule and regimes
in the Middle East, the basis of authority and the arrangements for
the organisation, exercise and use of power. Drawing examples from
Egypt and the Fertile Crescent, the emphasis is on the relation
between tradition and politics, historical evolution and state
policy, domestic factors and external constraints.
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