Privacy by design is a proactive approach that promotes privacy and data protection compliance throughout project lifecycles when storing or accessing personal data. Privacy by design is essential for the Internet of Things (IoT) as privacy concerns and accountability are being raised in an increasingly connected world. What becomes of data generated, collected or processed by the IoT is clearly an important question for all involved in the development, manufacturing, applications and use of related technologies. But this IoT concept does not work well with the 'big data' trend of aggregating pools of data for new applications. Developers need to address privacy and security issues and legislative requirements at the design stage, and not as an afterthought. In this edited book, the authors draw on a wealth of interdisciplinary research to delineate the challenges of building accountability into the Internet of Things and solutions for delivering on this critical societal challenge. This advanced book brings together legal-tech scholars, computer scientists, human computer interaction researchers and designers and socials scientists to address these challenges and elaborate solutions. It articulates the accountability principle in law and how it impacts IoT development, presents empirical studies of accountability in action and its implications for IoT development, brings technological responses to the requirements of GDPR and ways of building accountability into the IoT, and covers compliant IoT application development, privacy-preserving data analytics, human-centred IoT security, human-data interaction, and the methodological challenge of understanding and responding to the adoption of future technologies in everyday life.

This book is about the harmonious synthesis of functional programming and numerical computation. It shows how the expressiveness of OCaml allows for fast and safe development of data science applications. Step by step, the authors build up to use cases drawn from many areas of Data Science, Machine Learning, and AI, and then delve into how to deploy at scale, using parallel, distributed, and accelerated frameworks to gain all the advantages of cloud computing environments. To this end, the book is divided into three parts, each focusing on a different area. Part I begins by introducing how basic numerical techniques are performed in OCaml, including classical mathematical topics (interpolation and quadrature), statistics, and linear algebra. It moves on from using only scalar values to multi-dimensional arrays, introducing the tensor and Ndarray, core data types in any numerical computing system. It concludes with two more classical numerical computing topics, the solution of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) and Signal Processing, as well as introducing the visualization module we use throughout this book. Part II is dedicated to advanced optimization techniques that are core to most current popular data science fields. We do not focus only on applications but also on the basic building blocks, starting with Algorithmic Differentiation, the most crucial building block that in turn enables Deep Neural Networks. We follow this with chapters on Optimization and Regression, also used in building Deep Neural Networks. We then introduce Deep Neural Networks as well as topic modelling in Natural Language Processing (NLP), two advanced and currently very active fields in both industry and academia. Part III collects a range of case studies demonstrating how you can build a complete numerical application quickly from scratch using Owl. The cases presented include computer vision and recommender systems. This book aims at anyone with a basic knowledge of functional programming and a desire to explore the world of scientific computing, whether to generally explore the field in the round, to build applications for particular topics, or to deep-dive into how numerical systems are constructed. It does not assume strict ordering in reading - readers can simply jump to the topic that interests them most.