Science councils have been tasked with complex new mandates, to achieve these they have to interact with knowledge users in the private and public sectors and be of benefit to communities, particularly to those that are vulnerable and marginalised. What are the diverse forms of interaction in science councils with distinct legacies, what are the diverse forms of partners and what are their outcomes? What are some of the successful strategic policy interventions, organisational structures and internal incentive mechanisms that science councils have created to channel and promote these interactions? Questions such as these are addressed in this timely and groundbreaking research as it investigates how scientists interact with actors in the informal sector, social development and community spaces, alongside their role in technology development for industry and government actors. Balancing multiple mandates: The changing role of science councils in South Africa is an important study – building an evidence base to inform the contribution of science councils to innovation, poverty reduction and inclusive economic development in South Africa.

This book provides a completely new and fresh way of understanding the ANC, by looking at the way the organisation has marketed itself and built up a distinctive brand. The concern here is not so much with politics as with publicity, promotion and propaganda - that is, with techniques of political persuasion. In seven chapters we follow the development of the ANC's political marketing strategy from 1955 to 2011. The author makes a strong case for arguing that marketing has enjoyed a central significance within the ANC for a very long time. Through the use of previously untapped sources, he provides us with important insights into the strategy and decision-making process of the ANC at critical phases of its existence, right up to the election campaign of 2009 and the Mangaung conference. The book challenges us to rethink the politics of the ANC and the future of its position at the centre of South African political life.