This discussion of the traditional system of management of the early 1950s and its subsequent reforms shows that the focus of these reforms is on finding a proper combination of planning and market mechanism. In Hungary and Poland most reformers would like to see the central authorities reserve for planning only what cannot be carried out satisfactorily by market-forces.;In the USSR and the CSSR the fight is on to convince the political leaders to leave to the market the tasks which planning cannot perform well. In Hungary, and to a lesser extent in Poland, which are at the forefront of the reforms, the market plays an important role in co-ordinating economic activities. In the 1980s the market environment has been extended by slowly developing capital markets and by a strengthening of fiscal and monetary policies. Still more changes are needed to bring about a transformation in the behaviour of enterprises.;The management system and economic policy are closely intertwined. This book shows that the success of the reforms depends on the extent to which economic policy is able to solve acute economic problems, primarily the restructuring of the economy.

This book addresses the increased fragmentation and internationalization of production. It explores how concurrent business transformations in manufacturing and marketing impact global and developing economies, and how supply chain initiatives and information sharing impact overall organizational performance. It further connects marketing and advertising as an important link between organizations and its partners; education as a bridge between developing and developed world economies; and growth as a long-term objective of increasing integration at the regional and global level. Through a series of case studies, scholars across the US and France contribute chapters on the manufacturing, marketing, and internationalization of luxury fashion brands, music advertising, the growth of Amazon, and the business landscapes in India, China, Africa, and North Korea. The book provides academic libraries, international business scholars, graduate students, and policy makers with insights and opportunities that enable firms to achieve a competitive advantage in the marketplace.

In today's ever-changing global world, there is a permanent need for anticipating new and evolving customer needs, resource supply constraints, and dynamically changing employee expectations. Sustainable innovation applies to products, services, and technologies as well as new business and organization models. This book provides insights into sustainable innovation trends in various marketing- and management-related fields. Authors critically investigate, amongst others, the sustainability impact of disruptive product design and innovative collaboration solutions within buyer-supplier relationships, along with innovative organizational processes to promote sustainable well-being-productivity synergy in a VUCA world. This volume is a uniquely positioned contribution of interrelated research articles on the sustainability-driven innovation needed for organizational health and future viability.

This edited collection is a uniquely positioned contribution of interrelated research papers about global business value transformations in both offline and online (digital) worlds. With chapters spanning multiple business disciplines such as strategy, organizational behavior and e-commerce, this book explores the impact of cross-cultural issues, characteristics and challenges with regard to global value innovations. The authors analyze the effects of institutional and regulatory change on international marketing and management from both traditional and digital perspectives, providing concepts and cases for students and academics.

The author discusses the traditional system of management of the economy as it existed in the early 1950s in the USSR and goes on to deal with the reforms of the 1960s and of the 1980s, country by country. He shows that the focus of the reforms is on finding a proper combination of planning and the market mechanism, and their success will be judged by their ability to solve acute economic problems.