This book highlights numerical models as powerful tools for the optimal design of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Most MEMS experts have a background in electronics, where circuit models or behavioral models (i.e. lumped-parameter models) of devices are preferred to field models. This is certainly convenient in terms of preliminary design, e.g. in the prototyping stage. However, design optimization should also take into account fine-sizing effects on device behavior and therefore be based on distributed-parameter models, such as finite-element models. The book shows how the combination of automated optimal design and field-based models can produce powerful design toolboxes for MEMS. It especially focuses on illustrating theoretical concepts with practical examples, fostering comprehension through a problem-solving approach. By comparing the results obtained using different methods, readers will learn to identify their respective strengths and weaknesses. In addition, special emphasis is given to evolutionary computing and nature-inspired optimization strategies, the effectiveness of which has already been amply demonstrated. Given its scope, the book provides PhD students, researchers and professionals in the area of computer-aided analysis with a comprehensive, yet concise and practice-oriented guide to MEMS design and optimization. To benefit most from the book, readers should have a basic grasp of electromagnetism, vector analysis and numerical methods.

This book contains papers presented at the International Symposium on Elect- magnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering ISEF'07 which was held in Prague, the Czech Republic, from September 13 to 15, 2007. ISEF conferences have been organized since 1985 and from the very beginning it was a common initiative of Polish and other European researchers who have dealt with electromagnetic ?eld in electrical engineering. The conference travels through Europe and is organized in various academic centres. Relatively often, it was held in some Polish city as the initiative was on the part of Polish scientists. Now ISEF is much more international and successive events take place in different European academic centres renowned for electromagnetic research. This time it was Prague, famous for its beauty and historical background, as it is the place where many c- tures mingle. The venue of the conference was the historical building of Charles University, placed just in the centre of Prague. The Technical University of Prague, in turn, constituted the logistic centre of the conference. It is the tradition of the ISEF meetings that they try to tackle quite a vast area of computational and applied electromagnetics. Moreover, the ISEF symposia aim at combining theory and practice; therefore the majority of papers are deeply rooted in engineering problems, being simultaneously of a high theoretical level.

More and more researchers engage into investigation of electromagnetic applications, especially these connected with mechatronics, information technologies, medicine, biology and material sciences. It is readily seen when looking at the content of the book that computational techniques, which were under development during the last three decades and are still being developed, serve as good tools for discovering new electromagnetic phenomena. It means that the field of computational electromagnetics belongs to an application area rather than to a research area. This publication aims at joining theory and practice, thus the majority of papers are deeply rooted in engineering problems, being simultaneously of high theoretical level. The editors hope to touch the heart of the matter in electromagnetism. The book focuses on the following issues: Computational Electromagnetics; Electromagnetic Engineering; Coupled Field and Special Applications; Micro- and Special Devices; Bioelectromagnetics and Electromagnetic Hazard; and Magnetic Material Modelling. Abstracted in Inspec

Recent Developments of Electrical Drives is composed of the papers which were presented at the XVI International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEMa (TM)2004, which was held in Cracow, Poland on September 5-8, 2004.

The contributions selected for the book cover a wide spectrum of theory and practice, thus they are deeply rooted in engineering problems, being simultaneously of high theoretical level. This way the contents of the book is believed to touch the heart of the matter in electrical drives (theory, control systems and applications).

The book, stating the recent developments of electrical drives, can be useful for engineers and researchers investigating and designing electrical and electronic devices as well as for students and young researchers dealing with electrical and electronic engineering, computer sciences (advanced computer modelling, sophisticated control systems with artificial intelligence tools applied, optimal design bye use of classical and genetic algorithms employed), applied mathematics and all the topics where electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical phenomena occur.

Recent Developments of Electrical Drives covers a wide range of interest of industry engineers, and scientists involved in modelling, control, measurements, new motor structures design, and could be also useful for engineers working in the field of electrical drives implementation.

From 12 to 14 September 2002, the Academy of Humanities and Economics (AHE) hosted the workshop "Optimization and Inverse Problems in Electromagnetism." After this bi-annual event, a large number of papers were assembled and combined in this book. During the workshop recent developments and applications in optimization and inverse methodologies for electromagnetic fields were discussed. The contributions selected for the present volume cover a wide spectrum of inverse and optimal electromagnetic methodologies, ranging from theoretical to practical applications. A number of new optimal and inverse methodologies were proposed. There are contributions related to dedicated software.

Optimization and Inverse Problems in Electromagnetism consists of three thematic chapters, covering:
-General papers (survey of specific aspects of optimization and inverse problems in electromagnetism),
-Methodologies,
-Industrial Applications. The book can be useful to students of electrical and electronics engineering, computer science, applied mathematics (PhD level) and to researchers interested in the topic.

Covering the development of field computation in the past forty years, this book is a concise, comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to methods for the analysis and synthesis of electric and magnetic fields. A broad view of the subject of field models in electricity and magnetism, ranging from basic theory to numerical applications, is offered. The approach throughout is to solve field problems directly from partial differential equations in terms of vector quantities.

Computational Methods for the Innovative Design of Electrical Devices is entirely focused on the optimal design of various classes of electrical devices. Emerging new methods, like e.g. those based on genetic algorithms, are presented and applied in the design optimization of different devices and systems. Accordingly, the solution to field analysis problems is based on the use of finite element method, and analytical methods as well. An original aspect of the book is the broad spectrum of applications in the area of electrical engineering, especially electrical machines. This way, traditional design criteria of conventional devices are revisited in a critical way, and some innovative solutions are suggested. In particular, the optimization procedures developed are oriented to three main aspects: shape design, material properties identification, machine optimal behaviour. Topics covered include: - New parallel finite-element solvers - Response surface method - Evolutionary computing - Multiobjective optimization - Swarm intelligence - MEMS applications - Identification of magnetic properties of anisotropic laminations - Neural networks for non-destructive testing - Brushless DC motors, transformers - Permanent magnet disc motors, magnetic separators - Magnetic levitation systems

Computational Methods for the Innovative Design of Electrical Devices is entirely focused on the optimal design of various classes of electrical devices. Emerging new methods, like e.g. those based on genetic algorithms, are presented and applied in the design optimization of different devices and systems. Accordingly, the solution to field analysis problems is based on the use of finite element method, and analytical methods as well. An original aspect of the book is the broad spectrum of applications in the area of electrical engineering, especially electrical machines. This way, traditional design criteria of conventional devices are revisited in a critical way, and some innovative solutions are suggested. In particular, the optimization procedures developed are oriented to three main aspects: shape design, material properties identification, machine optimal behaviour. Topics covered include: * New parallel finite-element solvers * Response surface method * Evolutionary computing * Multiobjective optimization * Swarm intelligence * MEMS applications * Identification of magnetic properties of anisotropic laminations * Neural networks for non-destructive testing * Brushless DC motors, transformers * Permanent magnet disc motors, magnetic separators * Magnetic levitation systems

Computer Engineering in Applied Electromagnetism contains papers which were presented at the International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering, held in Maribor, Slovenia, 18-20 September 2003. It consists of three parts, Computational Techniques, Electromagnetic Engineering, and Special Applications.

The contributions selected for the book cover a wide spectrum of theory and practice, being simultaneously of high theoretical level and deeply rooted in engineering problems. Thus, this volume touches on what is of key importance in electromagnetism.

Covering the development of field computation in the past forty years, this book is a concise, comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to methods for the analysis and synthesis of electric and magnetic fields. A broad view of the subject of field models in electricity and magnetism, ranging from basic theory to numerical applications, is offered. The approach throughout is to solve field problems directly from partial differential equations in terms of vector quantities.

This book contains papers presented at the International Symposium on Elect- magnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering ISEF'07 which was held in Prague, the Czech Republic, from September 13 to 15, 2007. ISEF conferences have been organized since 1985 and from the very beginning it was a common initiative of Polish and other European researchers who have dealt with electromagnetic ?eld in electrical engineering. The conference travels through Europe and is organized in various academic centres. Relatively often, it was held in some Polish city as the initiative was on the part of Polish scientists. Now ISEF is much more international and successive events take place in different European academic centres renowned for electromagnetic research. This time it was Prague, famous for its beauty and historical background, as it is the place where many c- tures mingle. The venue of the conference was the historical building of Charles University, placed just in the centre of Prague. The Technical University of Prague, in turn, constituted the logistic centre of the conference. It is the tradition of the ISEF meetings that they try to tackle quite a vast area of computational and applied electromagnetics. Moreover, the ISEF symposia aim at combining theory and practice; therefore the majority of papers are deeply rooted in engineering problems, being simultaneously of a high theoretical level.

Recent Developments of Electrical Drives is composed of the papers which were presented at the XVI International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2004, which was held in Cracow, Poland on September 5-8, 2004.

The contributions selected for the book cover a wide spectrum of theory and practice, thus they are deeply rooted in engineering problems, being simultaneously of high theoretical level. This way the contents of the book is believed to touch the heart of the matter in electrical drives (theory, control systems and applications).

The book, stating the recent developments of electrical drives, can be useful for engineers and researchers investigating and designing electrical and electronic devices as well as for students and young researchers dealing with electrical and electronic engineering, computer sciences (advanced computer modelling, sophisticated control systems with artificial intelligence tools applied, optimal design bye use of classical and genetic algorithms employed), applied mathematics and all the topics where electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical phenomena occur.

Recent Developments of Electrical Drives covers a wide range of interest of industry engineers, and scientists involved in modelling, control, measurements, new motor structures design, and could be also useful for engineers working in the field of electrical drives implementation. "

This book highlights numerical models as powerful tools for the optimal design of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Most MEMS experts have a background in electronics, where circuit models or behavioral models (i.e. lumped-parameter models) of devices are preferred to field models. This is certainly convenient in terms of preliminary design, e.g. in the prototyping stage. However, design optimization should also take into account fine-sizing effects on device behavior and therefore be based on distributed-parameter models, such as finite-element models. The book shows how the combination of automated optimal design and field-based models can produce powerful design toolboxes for MEMS. It especially focuses on illustrating theoretical concepts with practical examples, fostering comprehension through a problem-solving approach. By comparing the results obtained using different methods, readers will learn to identify their respective strengths and weaknesses. In addition, special emphasis is given to evolutionary computing and nature-inspired optimization strategies, the effectiveness of which has already been amply demonstrated. Given its scope, the book provides PhD students, researchers and professionals in the area of computer-aided analysis with a comprehensive, yet concise and practice-oriented guide to MEMS design and optimization. To benefit most from the book, readers should have a basic grasp of electromagnetism, vector analysis and numerical methods.

The key theme of this book is an exploration of how recent advances across three related scientific fields are intertwined - the developments in metamaterials, the automated optimal design of innovative electronic, electromagnetic and mechatronic devices, and 3D printing. Developments in the field of automated optimal design have enabled the design of innovative electronic, electromagnetic and mechatronic devices, but there is a risk that design uncertainties and fabrication tolerances dictated by conventional manufacturing techniques will limit the practical synthesis and industrial realisation of these novel designs. The solution might be found in new manufacturing possibilities offered by 3D printing technologies and techniques for the fabrication of conductive layers in low and high frequency applications. The book approaches the topic from several perspectives, including the design of 3D fields, advances in shape synthesis, the role of additive manufacturing in synthesising metamaterials and manipulating ferromagnetic materials, and the steps from numerical models to printed mechatronic devices. A final chapter discusses design challenges and opportunities in industrial settings. Led by two expert editors, with contributions from authors with a range of backgrounds across academia and industrial research, this book provides key information for researchers, advanced students and industry professionals in advanced manufacturing, mechatronics, and electrical and electronic engineering.