This book explores community dynamics within social media. Using Wikipedia as an example, the volume explores communities that rely upon commons-based peer production. Fundamental theoretical principles spanning such domains as organizational configurations, leadership roles, and social evolutionary theory are developed. In the context of Wikipedia, these theories explain how a functional elite of highly productive editors has emerged and why they are responsible for a majority of the content. It explains how the elite shapes the project and how this group tends to become stable and increasingly influential over time. Wikipedia has developed a new and resilient social hierarchy, an adhocracy, which combines features of traditional and new, online, social organizations. The book presents a set of practical approaches for using these theories in real-world practice. This work fundamentally changes the way we think about social media leadership and evolution, emphasizing the crucial contributions of leadership, of elite social roles, and of group global structure to the overall success and stability of large social media projects. Written in an accessible and direct style, the book will be of interest to academics as well as professionals with an interest in social media and commons-based peer production processes.

This book springs from a multidisciplinary, multi-organizational, and multi-sector conversation about the privacy and ethical implications of research in human affairs using big data. The need to cultivate and enlist the public's trust in the abilities of particular scientists and scientific institutions constitutes one of this book's major themes. The advent of the Internet, the mass digitization of research information, and social media brought about, among many other things, the ability to harvest - sometimes implicitly - a wealth of human genomic, biological, behavioral, economic, political, and social data for the purposes of scientific research as well as commerce, government affairs, and social interaction. What type of ethical dilemmas did such changes generate? How should scientists collect, manipulate, and disseminate this information? The effects of this revolution and its ethical implications are wide-ranging. This book includes the opinions of myriad investigators, practitioners, and stakeholders in big data on human beings who also routinely reflect on the privacy and ethical issues of this phenomenon. Dedicated to the practice of ethical reasoning and reflection in action, the book offers a range of observations, lessons learned, reasoning tools, and suggestions for institutional practice to promote responsible big data research on human affairs. It caters to a broad audience of educators, researchers, and practitioners. Educators can use the volume in courses related to big data handling and processing. Researchers can use it for designing new methods of collecting, processing, and disseminating big data, whether in raw form or as analysis results. Lastly, practitioners can use it to steer future tools or procedures for handling big data. As this topic represents an area of great interest that still remains largely undeveloped, this book is sure to attract significant interest by filling an obvious gap in currently available literature.

Digital and social media companies such as Apple, Google, and Facebook grip the globe with market, civic, and political strength akin to large, sovereign states. Yet, these corporations are private entities. How should states and communities protect the individual rights of their citizens - or their national and local interests - while keeping pace with globalized digital companies? This scholarly compendium examines regulatory solutions which encourage content diversity and protect fundamental rights. The volume compares European and US regulatory approaches, including closer focus on topics such as privacy, copyright, and freedom of expression. Further, we propose pedagogical models for educating students on possible regulatory regimes of the future. Our final chapter invites readers to consider social and digital media regulation for both this generation and the ones to come. Chapter(s) "Introduction: New Paradigms of Media Regulation in a Transatlantic Perspective", "From News Diversity to News Quality: New Media Regulation Theoretical Issues" and "The Stakes and Threats of the Convergence Between Media and Telecommunication Industries" are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

The book proposes a systematic approach to big data collection, documentation and development of analytic procedures that foster collaboration on a large scale. This approach, designated as "data factoring" emphasizes the need to think of each individual dataset developed by an individual project as part of a broader data ecosystem, easily accessible and exploitable by parties not directly involved with data collection and documentation. Furthermore, data factoring uses and encourages pre-analytic operations that add value to big data sets, especially recombining and repurposing. The book proposes a research-development agenda that can undergird an ideal data factory approach. Several programmatic chapters discuss specialized issues involved in data factoring (documentation, meta-data specification, building flexible, yet comprehensive data ontologies, usability issues involved in collaborative tools, etc.). The book also presents case studies for data factoring and processing that can lead to building better scientific collaboration and data sharing strategies and tools. Finally, the book presents the teaching utility of data factoring and the ethical and privacy concerns related to it. Chapter 9 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com

Knowledge and expertise, especially of the kind that can shape public opinion, have been traditionally the domain of individuals holding degrees awarded by higher learning institutions or occupying formal positions in notable organizations. Expertise is validated by reputations established in an institutionalized marketplace of ideas with a limited number of "available seats" and a stringent process of selection and retention of names, ideas, topics and facts of interest. However, the social media revolution, which has enabled over two billion Internet users not only to consume, but also to produce information and knowledge, has created a secondary and very active informal marketplace of ideas and knowledge. Anchored by platforms like Wikipedia, YouTube, Facebook and Twitter, this informal marketplace has low barriers to entry and has become a gigantic and potentially questionable, knowledge resource for the public at large. Roles, Trust and Reputation in Social Media Knowledge Markets will discuss some of the emerging trends in defining, measuring and operationalizing reputation as a new and essential component of the knowledge that is generated and consumed online. The book will propose a future research agenda related to these issues. The ultimate goal of research agenda being to shape the next generation of theoretical and analytic strategies needed for understanding how knowledge markets are influenced by social interactions and reputations built around functional roles. The authors, including leading scholars and young innovators, will share with the readers some of the main lessons they have learned from their own work in these areas and will discuss the issues, topics and sub-areas that they find under-studied or that promise the greatest intellectual payoff in the future. The discussion will be placed in the context of social network analysis and "big data" research. Roles, Trust and Reputation in Social Media Knowledge Markets exposes issues that have not been satisfactorily dealt with in the current literature, as the research agenda in reputation and authorship is still emerging. In a broader sense, the volume aims to change the way in which knowledge generation in social media spaces is understood and utilized. The tools, theories and methodologies proposed by the contributors offer concrete avenues for developing the next generation of research strategies and applications that will help: tomorrow's information consumers make smarter choices, developers to create new tools and researchers to launch new research programs.

Knowledge and expertise, especially of the kind that can shape public opinion, have been traditionally the domain of individuals holding degrees awarded by higher learning institutions or occupying formal positions in notable organizations. Expertise is validated by reputations established in an institutionalized marketplace of ideas with a limited number of "available seats" and a stringent process of selection and retention of names, ideas, topics and facts of interest. However, the social media revolution, which has enabled over two billion Internet users not only to consume, but also to produce information and knowledge, has created a secondary and very active informal marketplace of ideas and knowledge. Anchored by platforms like Wikipedia, YouTube, Facebook and Twitter, this informal marketplace has low barriers to entry and has become a gigantic and potentially questionable, knowledge resource for the public at large. Roles, Trust and Reputation in Social Media Knowledge Markets will discuss some of the emerging trends in defining, measuring and operationalizing reputation as a new and essential component of the knowledge that is generated and consumed online. The book will propose a future research agenda related to these issues. The ultimate goal of research agenda being to shape the next generation of theoretical and analytic strategies needed for understanding how knowledge markets are influenced by social interactions and reputations built around functional roles. The authors, including leading scholars and young innovators, will share with the readers some of the main lessons they have learned from their own work in these areas and will discuss the issues, topics and sub-areas that they find under-studied or that promise the greatest intellectual payoff in the future. The discussion will be placed in the context of social network analysis and "big data" research. Roles, Trust and Reputation in Social Media Knowledge Markets exposes issues that have not been satisfactorily dealt with in the current literature, as the research agenda in reputation and authorship is still emerging. In a broader sense, the volume aims to change the way in which knowledge generation in social media spaces is understood and utilized. The tools, theories and methodologies proposed by the contributors offer concrete avenues for developing the next generation of research strategies and applications that will help: tomorrow's information consumers make smarter choices, developers to create new tools and researchers to launch new research programs.

Digital and social media companies such as Apple, Google, and Facebook grip the globe with market, civic, and political strength akin to large, sovereign states. Yet, these corporations are private entities. How should states and communities protect the individual rights of their citizens - or their national and local interests - while keeping pace with globalized digital companies? This scholarly compendium examines regulatory solutions which encourage content diversity and protect fundamental rights. The volume compares European and US regulatory approaches, including closer focus on topics such as privacy, copyright, and freedom of expression. Further, we propose pedagogical models for educating students on possible regulatory regimes of the future. Our final chapter invites readers to consider social and digital media regulation for both this generation and the ones to come. Chapter(s) "Introduction: New Paradigms of Media Regulation in a Transatlantic Perspective", "From News Diversity to News Quality: New Media Regulation Theoretical Issues" and "The Stakes and Threats of the Convergence Between Media and Telecommunication Industries" are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This book springs from a multidisciplinary, multi-organizational, and multi-sector conversation about the privacy and ethical implications of research in human affairs using big data. The need to cultivate and enlist the public's trust in the abilities of particular scientists and scientific institutions constitutes one of this book's major themes. The advent of the Internet, the mass digitization of research information, and social media brought about, among many other things, the ability to harvest - sometimes implicitly - a wealth of human genomic, biological, behavioral, economic, political, and social data for the purposes of scientific research as well as commerce, government affairs, and social interaction. What type of ethical dilemmas did such changes generate? How should scientists collect, manipulate, and disseminate this information? The effects of this revolution and its ethical implications are wide-ranging. This book includes the opinions of myriad investigators, practitioners, and stakeholders in big data on human beings who also routinely reflect on the privacy and ethical issues of this phenomenon. Dedicated to the practice of ethical reasoning and reflection in action, the book offers a range of observations, lessons learned, reasoning tools, and suggestions for institutional practice to promote responsible big data research on human affairs. It caters to a broad audience of educators, researchers, and practitioners. Educators can use the volume in courses related to big data handling and processing. Researchers can use it for designing new methods of collecting, processing, and disseminating big data, whether in raw form or as analysis results. Lastly, practitioners can use it to steer future tools or procedures for handling big data. As this topic represents an area of great interest that still remains largely undeveloped, this book is sure to attract significant interest by filling an obvious gap in currently available literature.

To what degree can the human exchanges we observe online be called "sociability"? In other words, do these exchanges amount to any meaningful type of social organization? Are they more than the mere froth of collective emotion discharging its energy with a lot of noise but little consequence against the wave breakers of social media? Do the social interactions that take place in virtual space-all those kind or not-so-kind words sent back and forth-suggest the same level of commitment, dedication, morality, passion, or even depravity that we see in everyday life? Or, more succinctly, is sociability online less "social," less "real" than what we see in everyday life? The present collection of papers reflects some of the most insightful contributions to the Purdue Online Interaction Seminar. Representing a variety of interpretive frameworks, the conversation is circumscribed by a number of themes, of which two are most important. The first one is the nature of online sociability. Are or could online groups be "community-like," bound by ties as strong as those of kith and kin? Should they be qualified as a type of contractual, rational, self-interested "society"? Or should we propose a new interpretive framework? Should online communities be seen as a type of "communitas," which is a form of social aggregation that appears during certain initiation rituals? If this is so, are communitas-like virtual spaces characterized by the same transient, liminal state that mixes a variety of contradictory characteristics (temporary and permanent, close and distant, essential and fleeting) that we observe in other types of "communitas"? Can virtual communitas lead to social and personal transformation, just like its traditional counterpart? Table of Contents Sorin Adam Matei Introduction 1 The book is dead Long live the ubibook 9 User Guide 16 Susan Huelsing Sarapin Front Porches and Public Spaces: Planned Communities Online 20 Pamela Morris Glimpses of Community on the Web 45 Brenda Berkelaar Van Pelt Peering Behind the Curtain: The Virtual Wizard Offers No Guarantees 59 Brian C. Britt The Invisible Man: Speaking into the Online Void 84 Robert N. Yale Welcome to I-berspace: Media Gratifications in Successful Virtual Communities 101 Christina Kalinowski Individualism Online: Virtually Escaping the 'Massness' or Vanishing into the 'Electrovoid'? 119 W. Scott Sanders SIDE Theory, Small World Networks, and Smart Mob Formation: A Beginner's Guide 136 Online Interaction Seminar: Selected Readings and Discussion Topics 153 Author Biographies 162

This ubitour version of Verne's adventure classic is enhanced with 2d codes, which extend the book into the digital world. With an iPhone or other appropriate Internet mobile phone you can participate in online conversations about the book, its characters, or author. The book also links Fogg's adventure to online interactive maps. Last, but not least, each chapter of the book is linked to its audio and video versions, which can be streamed or downloaded onto the mobile phone. Readers can put the book down, get in the car or on the treadmill to follow Phileas Fogg's and Passpartout's adventures on their iPhones or Smartphones without missing a beat. The Ubitour was designed by Sorin Adam Matei and by the Ideagora team. The book project was supported by the Discovery Learning Center and by the Entrepreneurial Leadership Academy at Purdue University. More details at http: //ubimark.com

Idolii forului este raspunsul colectiv al unui numar de specialisti in domeniile social, politic, literar si filosofic la doua intrebari fundamentale despre societatea in care traim. Prima intrebare este daca ideea de intelectual public, enciclopedic, fara o specializare data, este perimata? Cea de-a doua este daca fascinatia publica fata de ideea de intelectual "enciclopedic" amator poate amana, intr-o masura, remodernizarea estului Europei si al Romaniei? Volumul este produsul colaborarii a 15 specialisti din domeniile social, politic, literar, jurnalistic si filozofic. Volumul reprezinta si o premiera tehnologica. El ofera coduri 2d (sau QR), care leaga textul de situl http: //idolii.com Coauthored by 15 Romanian authors, the book critically discusses the cultural models adopted by Romanian and Eastern European public intellectuals after 1989. They scrutinize the claim of intellectual "elites" to represent a special, encyclopedic "vocation," which should be treated with deference by the rest of society because of its lack of specialization. The book also discusses the "paramodern" thinking that informs this type of intellectual discourse, which combines modern with traditional and at times anti-modern ideological themes. Special attention is dedicated to modernizing social discourse and to the need to include in social debates more voices, from all social strata and intellectual groups. Each chapter of the book has a 2d code which linkes to a web site, http: //idolii.com . Authors/Autori SORIN ADAM MATEI, MONA MOMESCU, MICHAEL SHAFIR, ADRIAN GAVRILESCU, DANIEL BARBU, CAIUS DOBRESCU, MIRCEA FLONTA, GABRIEL ANDREESCU, STELU SERBAN, LUCIAN NASTASA KOVACS, MARIUS GHILEZAN, VASILE MORAR, BRUNO STEFAN, ALEXANDRU MATEI, ISTVAN ARANYOSI.

Cum se organizeaza intelectualii in jurul puterii? Care sunt relatiile sociale si ideologiile produse de grupurile de intelectuali care urmaresc si cucereasc puterea? Teza principala a lui Sorin Matei este ca intelectualii romani se structureaza in "grupuri de prestigiu" care duc mai departe domnia lumii traditionale, aristocratice si instaureaza o stare sociala pe care le numeste "paramoderne. Una din concluziile fulminante ale cartii este ca aceasta combinatie "paramoderna" zadarniceste remodernizarea Romaniei dupa 1989. Ciprian Siulea, Scheletul din biblioteca, Adevarul Literar si Artistic The Mind Boyars analyzes the manner in which Romanian intellectuals are organized, as well as the social relationships and the ideologies produced by the intellectual groups interested in gaining access to power.