Proto-Slavic, the reconstructed ancestor of the Slavic languages, presents a rich inflectional system inherited from Proto-Indo-European. In this handbook all the inflectional endings of Proto-Slavic are traced back to Proto-Indo-European through a systematic comparison with the corresponding forms in related languages. Applying a redefinition of Proto-Slavic based on prehistoric loanword relations with neighbouring non-Slavic languages, Thomas Olander provides a new look at the Proto-Slavic inflectional system. The systematic, coherent and exhaustive approach laid out in the handbook paves the way for new solutions to long-standing problems of Slavic historical grammar.

From a synchronic point of view, the various accentuation systems found in the Baltic and Slavic languages differ considerably from each other. We find languages with free accent and languages with fixed accent, languages with and without syllabic tones, and languages with and without a distinction between short and long vowels. Yet despite the apparent diversity in the attested Baltic and Slavic languages, the sources from which these languages have developed - the reconstructed languages referred to as Proto-Baltic and Proto-Slavic respectively - seem to have had very similar accentuation systems. The prehistory and development of the Baltic and Slavic accentuation systems is the main topic of this book, which contains sixteen articles on Baltic and Slavic accentology written by some of the world's leading specialists in this field.

Why does the accent jump back and forth in Russian words like golova 'head', acc. golovu, gen. golovy, dat. golove etc.? How come we find similar alternations in other Slavic languages and in a Baltic language like Lithuanian? The quest for the origin of the so-called "mobile accent paradigms" of Baltic and Slavic leads the reader through other Indo-European language branches such as Indo-Iranian, Greek and Germanic, all of which are relevant to the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European accentuation system. After the examination of the evidence for the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European accentuation system, focus is moved to the Baltic and Slavic accentuation systems and their relationship to each other and to Proto-Indo-European. A comprehensive history of research and numerous bibliographical references to earlier pieces of scholarship throughout the book make it a useful tool for anybody who is interested in Balto-Slavic and Indo-European accentology. Written in a simple style and constantly aiming at presenting old and new opinions on the various problems, the volume may serve as an introduction to this complicated field.

Modern languages like English, Spanish, Russian and Hindi as well as ancient languages like Greek, Latin and Sanskrit all belong to the Indo-European language family, which means that they all descend from a common ancestor. But how, more precisely, are the Indo-European languages related to each other? This book brings together pioneering research from a team of international scholars to address this fundamental question. It provides an introduction to linguistic subgrouping as well as offering comprehensive, systematic and up-to-date analyses of the ten main branches of the Indo-European language family: Anatolian, Tocharian, Italic, Celtic, Germanic, Greek, Armenian, Albanian, Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic. By highlighting that these branches are saliently different from each other, yet at the same time display striking similarities, the book demonstrates the early diversification of the Indo-European language family, spoken today by half the world's population. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.

Dispersals and diversification offers linguistic and archaeological perspectives on the disintegration of Proto-Indo-European, the ancestor of the Indo-European language family. Two chapters discuss the early phases of the disintegration of Proto-Indo-European from an archaeological perspective, integrating and interpreting the new evidence from ancient DNA. Six chapters analyse the intricate relationship between the Anatolian branch of Indo-European, probably the first one to separate, and the remaining branches. Three chapters are concerned with the most important unsolved problems of Indo-European subgrouping, namely the status of the postulated Italo-Celtic and Graeco-Armenian subgroups. Two chapters discuss methodological problems with linguistic subgrouping and with the attempt to correlate linguistics and archaeology. Contributors are David W. Anthony, Rasmus Bjorn, Jose L. Garcia Ramon, Riccardo Ginevra, Adam Hyllested, James A. Johnson, Kristian Kristiansen, H. Craig Melchert, Matthew Scarborough, Peter Schrijver, Matilde Serangeli, Zsolt Simon, Rasmus Thorso, Michael Weiss.

"Tocharian and Indo-Eu-ropean Studies" is the central publication for the study of two closely related languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B. Found in many Buddhist manuscripts from central Asia, Tocharian dates back to the second half of the first millennium of the Common Era, though it was not discovered until the twentieth century. Focusing on both philological and linguistic aspects of this language, "Tocharian and Indo-Eu-ropean Studies "also looks at it in relationship to other Indo-European languages.

Tocharian and Indo-European Studies (TIES) publishes cen-tral topics on the two closely related languages Tocharian A and B, attested in Cen-tral Asian Buddhist manuscripts dating from the second half of the first millennium AD. It focuses on philological and linguistic aspects of Tocharian and explores its relation to the other Indo-European languages.

One of the most detailed and comprehensive studies of Indo-European phonology, this book brings together leading linguists working in Indo-European studies to examine both the broadest definitions of the group -- from minute phonetics to abstract levels of phonemics centring on all varieties of Indo-European -- and individual branches, with contributions on Celtic, Anatolian, Germanic, Indo-Iranian, Italic, Armenian, and even Euphratic.

In this book, the authors present new developments in archaeology research. Topics include the adequacy of small-scale samplings from ancient pottery for instrumental analysis; the problem of phosphorous pollution in ceramic archaeological materials buried in the ground and polluted Neolithic pottery; and the huge potential in applying archaeological stratigraphic excavation to all kinds of objects, such as paintings, sculptures and even archaeological artefacts themselves.

Tocharian and Indo-European Studies is the central publication for the study of two closely related languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B. Found in many Buddhist manuscripts from central Asia, Tocharian dates back to the second half of the first millennium of the Common Era, though it was not discovered until the twentieth century. Focusing on both philological and linguistic aspects of this language, this volume also looks at Tocharian in relationship to other Indo-European languages.

Tocharian and Indo-European Studies is the central publication for the study of two closely related languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B. Found in many Buddhist manuscripts from central Asia, Tocharian dates back to the second half of the first millennium of the Common Era, though it was not discovered until the twentieth century. Focusing on both philological and linguistic aspects of this language, Tocharian and Indo-European Studies also looks at it in relationship to other Indo-European languages.

"Tocharian and Indo-Euro""pean Studies" is the central publication for the study of two closely related languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B. Found in many Buddhist manuscripts from central Asia, Tocharian dates back to the second half of the first millennium of the Common Era, though it was not discovered until the twentieth century. Focusing on both philological and linguistic aspects of this language, "Tocharian and Indo-Eu""r""opean Studies" also looks at it in relationship to other Indo-European languages. This issue addresses topics such as the function and origin of the present suffix "-sk," verbal endings, the words for "fear" and "perfume," secular documents, and Tocharian glosses in Sanskrit manuscripts.

This volume contains selected papers from a symposium on "Internal Reconstruction in Indo-European: Methods, Results and Problems," which formed a subsection of the 16th International Conference on Historical Linguistics held at the University of Copenhagen. Internal reconstruction is what the historical linguist resorts to when the possibilities of more traditional comparative reconstruction have been exhausted. This is certainly the case at the level of the protolanguage. When Proto-Indo-European has been reconstructed on the basis of a painstaking comparative analysis of the entire data field drawing on the full range of extant IE languages, there are, quite often, questions still left unanswered. Comparable methods can be applied to later stages of the language where the immediate prehistory is not accessible or corroboration is wanted. Today, internal reconstruction is routinely applied at all levels of historical linguistic analysis as one of the tools that open up the linguistic

Ablaut--the grammatically conditioned vowel alternations found, for example, in the English verb "sing" (sing, sang, sung)--is one of the most characteristic features of the Indo-European languages. "Indo-European Accent and Ablaut" investigates the relationship between ablaut and accent in Indo-European languages and in their predecessor--Proto-Indo-European. It offers a thorough overview of the most recent scholarship on ablaut and accent by some of today's most expert linguists. With attention to both theoretical understandings and specific linguistic materials, the contributors discuss an array of empirical and methodological issues in researching these key linguistic phenomena, and in doing so they open up new horizons for research.

This volume contains eighteen contributions to the increasingly detailed discussion about neolithic and bronze-age Europe. It touches on the arrival of Uralic and Indo-European settlers, on the origins of their languages, their customs, and pantheon. The contributors are historical linguists, archaeologists and geneticists; some interpret actual scientific findings, others go to the core of the methodology applied in the various subfields. The interdisciplinary perspective on this epoch in European history has proven particularly fruitful ever since genetics became a reliable player in the field. The volume contains the proceedings of the first Scandinavian conference dedicated to this approach.