An international team of contributors argues in this book that a policy of cheap labour, combined with currency devaluation, is no longer sufficient for export success. Through a series of case studies of firms in the textile, garment and electronic industries of five Asian economies - Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam - they set out to demonstrate that, to sustain competitiveness, learning and capability formation are essential. Among the main findings of these case studies are that growing international competition and rising labour costs have reduced the time that new entrants into a market have for enjoying wage and cost advantages; that there are no fixed formulas or sequences in technology-capability formation for firms to become successful exporters of manufactured goods; that continuous innovation in product design, production processes, management routines, marketing, and the organization of production are the basis for competitiveness in all industries and in all countries; that learning and internalization of knowledge are crucial to acquiring the technological know-how to break into export markets and then maintain market share; and that domestic demand is