Informed consent - as an ethical ideal and legal doctrine - has been the source of much concern to clinicians. Drawing on a diverse set of backgrounds and two decades of research in clinical settings, the authors - a lawyer, a physician, a social scientist, and a philosopher - help clinicians understand and cope with their legal obligations and show how the proper handling of informed consent can improve , rather than impede, patient care. Following a concise review of the ethical and legal foundations of informed consent, they provide detailed, practical suggestions for incorporating informed consent into clinical practice. This completely revised and updated edition discusses how to handle informed consent in all phases of the updated edition discusses how to handle informed consent in all phases of the doctor-patient relationship, use of consent forms, patients' refusals of treatment, and consent to research. It comments on recent laws and national policy, and addresses cutting edge issues such as fulfilling physician obligations under managed care. This clear and succinct book contains a weath of information that will not only help clinicians meet the legal requirements of informed consent and understand its ethical underpinnings, but also enhance their ability to deal with their patients more effectively. It will be of value to all those working in areas where issues of informed consent are likely to arise, including medicine, biomedical research, mental health care, nursing, dentistry, biomedical ethics, and law.

The automobile is one of the inventions that has made a decisive contribution to human mobility, and consequently it has become an inseparable part of modern human society. However, it is through this widespread use that its negative impacts on the environment have become so highly visible. Achievements in improving the ecological characteristics of the automobile are highly impressive: a modern car emits only a fraction of the amounts of noise and exhaust pollutants produced by its predecessors 30 years ago. The contributions to this book were written by experts, most of whom have been actively involved in the development of modern automobiles and their combustion engines for more than 30 years. They have participated in all phases of the ecological development of the automobile and summarize their experience and know-how in this book .

This Handbook presents an international collection of essays examining history education past and present. Framing recent curriculum reforms in Canada and in the United States in light of a century-long debate between the relationship between theory and practice, this collection contextualizes the debate by exploring the evolution of history and social studies education within their state or national contexts. With contributions ranging from Canada, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden, the Netherlands, the Republic of South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States, chapters illuminate the ways in which curriculum theorists and academic researchers are working with curriculum developers and educators to translate and refine notions of historical thinking or inquiry as well as pedagogical practice.

Three years have elapsed since the publication of the first edition of this book (in German). The continued interest of our readers and the rapid progress of our knowl edge in many fields necessitates a thoroughly revised and somewhat enlarged new edition. Cell differentiation is a prerequisite of life. It is defined as the prooess leading to the qualitatively and quantitatively selective realization of distinct parts of a given genetic material. Cell differentiation comprises five main aspects: (1) signal reception and transformation, (2) selective rearrangements of the genetic material, (3) differen tial gene expression, (4) organization of gene expression programs and (5) intercellular coordination of cell differentiation within the developmental programs of multicellular organisms. Despite the bewildering multiplicity of its results, i.e., the differentiated phenotypes of cells, there are apparently fundamental similarities with respect to the molecular mechanisms of the process itself. These mechanisms constitute the central subject of this book."

The automobile is one of the inventions that has made a decisive contribution to human mobility, and consequently it has become an inseparable part of modern human society. However, it is through this widespread use that its negative impacts on the environment have become so highly visible. Achievements in improving the ecological characteristics of the automobile are highly impressive: a modern car emits only a fraction of the amounts of noise and exhaust pollutants produced by its predecessors 30 years ago. The contributions to this book were written by experts, most of whom have been actively involved in the development of modern automobiles and their combustion engines for more than 30 years. They have participated in all phases of the ecological development of the automobile and summarize their experience and know-how in this book .

This Handbook presents an international collection of essays examining history education past and present. Framing recent curriculum reforms in Canada and in the United States in light of a century-long debate between the relationship between theory and practice, this collection contextualizes the debate by exploring the evolution of history and social studies education within their state or national contexts. With contributions ranging from Canada, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden, the Netherlands, the Republic of South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States, chapters illuminate the ways in which curriculum theorists and academic researchers are working with curriculum developers and educators to translate and refine notions of historical thinking or inquiry as well as pedagogical practice.

Nach operativen Eingriffen am Gastrointestinaltrakt treten oft postoperative Syndrome in den Mittelpunkt. Der operativ veranderte Gastrointestinaltrakt fordert vom Endoskopiker ein besonderes Verstandnis und besondere Fahigkeiten, auch ohne Kenntnis des detaillierten Operationsberichtes, den operativen Situs zu beurteilen. In diesem Buch wird erstmalig eine Zusammenstellung von Storungen und Syndromen nach operativen Eingriffen am Gastrointestinaltrakt vorgestellt, wobei der endoskopierende Chirurg selbst die Deutung, Interpretation und gegebenenfalls die Behandlung der Befunde vornimmt. Dabei werden die endoskopischen Besonderheiten der Pathologie und Therapie des Gastrointestinaltraktes post operationem komprimiert und illustriert erlautert. Das Buch soll kompendiumartig die Aufmerksamkeit des Lesers auf potentielle postoperative Storungen und Syndrome richten und durch gezielten endoskopischen Einsatz zur Deutung und Behandlung der Befunde weisen.

Darstellung der pathophysiologischen Grundlagen der wichtis- sten gastroenterologischen Erkrankungen. Kapitel wurden von Grundlagenforschern, Internisten und Chirurgen verfa t.

In 1791, shortly after the United States won its independence, George Washington personally asked Pierre Charles L'Enfant--a young French artisan turned American revolutionary soldier who gained many friends among the Founding Fathers--to design the new nation's capital. L'Enfant approached this task with unparalleled vigor and passion; however, his imperious and unyielding nature also made him many powerful enemies. After eleven months, Washington reluctantly dismissed L'Enfant from the project. Subsequently, the plan for the city was published under another name, and L'Enfant died long before it was rightfully attributed to him.
Filled with incredible characters and passionate human drama, Scott W. Berg's deft narrative account of this little-explored story in American history is a tribute to the genius of Pierre Charles L'Enfant and the enduring city that is his legacy.

A "Kirkus" Best Book of the Year
In August 1862, after suffering decades of hardship, broken treaties, and relentless encroachment on their land, the Dakota leader Little Crow reluctantly agreed that his people must go to war. After six weeks of fighting, the uprising was smashed, thousands of Indians were taken prisoner by the US army, and 303 Dakotas were sentenced to death. President Lincoln, embroiled in the most devastating period of the Civil War, personally intervened to save the lives of 265 of the condemned men, but in the end, 38 Dakota men would be hanged in the largest government-sanctioned execution in U.S. history.
Writing with uncommon immediacy and insight, Scott W. Berg details these events within the larger context of the Civil War, the history of the Dakota people and the subsequent United States-Indian wars, and brings to life this overlooked but seminal moment in American history.