The official statistics on the distribution of income and the extent of poverty in the UK in 2011-12 were released on Thursday 13 June 2013. Using the data underlying these statistics, this report analyses: - the changes in average incomes in the most recent year of data and the period since the start of the 'Great Recession'; - how the gap between rich and poor has changed and how this differs when looking at pre-tax-and-benefit income rather than net income; - the recent changes in both relative and absolute income poverty for the whole population and among different parts of the population; - the striking long-term changes in incomes and poverty rates for different parts of the population and different age groups; - the prospects for average incomes, inequality and poverty in the years ahead.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Developmental Education Preparation suggests faculty development that can be used for teaching developmental education and corequisites courses, specifically in mathematics. Providing a look into the needs of students that may not be prepared for college level courses, the premise of the book is to prepare the faculty as much as possible to handle a developmental course. Complete with techniques, pedagogy, instructional skills, when combined all together, this book can help with developing meaningful professional development on any campus across the nation. The interviews presented in this book provide the reality of some faculty of developmental mathematics education and revealed common trends in the needs and characteristics of corequisite courses. Based on the themes found, professional development is suggested to aid in helping shift any negative components of those themes. The themes help better understand the needs of teaching these challenging courses. Student success should start with faculty making sure they are equipped with the tools and understanding of the students. Student's readiness starts with the faculty's readiness. Having the combined understanding of faculty and student needs can help to create a professional development plan that will enhance the developmental level mathematics courses in higher education.

Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state, with more than 18,000 islands and over 7.9 million square kilometres of sea. The marine frontier presents the nation with both economic opportunities and political and strategic challenges. Indonesia has been affected more than most countries in the world by a slow revolution in the management of its waters. Whereas Indonesia's seas were once conceived administratively as little more than the empty space between islands, successive governments have become aware that this view is outmoded. The effective transfer to the seas of regulatory regimes that took shape on land, such as territoriality, has been an enduring challenge to Indonesian governments. This book addresses issues related to maritime boundaries and security, marine safety, inter-island shipping, the development of the archipelagic concept in international law, marine conservation, illegal fishing, and the place of the sea in national and regional identity.

English is now firmly established as an international language around the globe and as such is no longer the preserve of the native speaker and the inner circle of counties. It is estimated that there are three times as many non-native speakers of English as there are native speakers worldwide and that the majority of speech events conducted in English are solely between non-native speakers of the language. The increased use of the English language on a daily basis by non-native speakers is thus worthy of a study and the purpose of this book. For the non-native speaker, the day-to-day demands of casual conversation can often be met through collaboration and negotiation with their interlocutor. However, there is an ever-increasing need for the non-native to participate in specific speech events such as discussions, meetings, interviews, and presentations, where the construction and delivery of extended turns and monologues is paramount. This is particularly true in professional and academic environments where this type of discourse holds significance and value for the speaker, since it is often through this that their proficiency and professionalism is critiqued and measured. This book is a timely study into the nature of extended discourse and the problems that non-native speakers have in constructing this. The book considers a corpus of spoken data taken from the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) speaking test with an international dimension. It specifically focuses on discourse that is multi-propositional, that is, extended turns and monologues, and analyses this for breaks in coherence and comprehensibility brought about by miscues in semantic and pragmatic features at the discourse level. The main thesis of the book is that the construction of extended discourse carries with it an additional burden for the speaker, namely the need to package information without support from the interlocutor in such a way as to make a coherent interpretation possible. For the mother-tongue speaker, the management of this packaging is of second nature, but for the non-native, the removal of collaborative support from the interlocutor in the form of back-channels and negotiation of meaning leads to miscues at the discourse level which impinge on coherence. As these miscues accumulate and interact with each other, the coherence of the discourse is diminished even further and in extreme cases a complete breakdown in communication can be observed. Two key areas where these miscues materialize are in the semantic consistency and pragmatic relevance of the utterances as each one is added to the common ground. Semantic consistency refers to the need to maintain the internal specificity of utterances and the external consistency across utterances, while pragmatic relevance refers to the need to make contributions which are well-contextualized and relevant to the on-going discourse. The book is both a textual and evaluative approach to studying discourse. It contains copious examples of transcribed non-native discourse with commentaries that indicate where miscues arise and how these lead to a lack of coherence. The book also describes in detail a manipulation experiment which looks at the effect of repairing discourse on the perceived coherence, thus evaluating the psycholinguistic reality of the identified miscues. The book also considers the relationship of fluency to coherence and how disfluent performance can impinge on perceived coherence. The book will be of interest to applied linguistics and English-language teaching practitioners around the world as well as academics involved in the testing of spoken English. Aimed at postgraduate level but accessible to undergraduates, it is a must for anyone concerned with the teaching or studying of a second language such as English and researchers working in the field of discourse analysis.

Orchids are the most charismatic of flowering plants and the largest family with over 20,000 species. Many are naturally rare and others are thought to be endangered or extinct through habitat destruction and over-collecting. Orchids have a high profile in conservation but relatively little is known about their distribution and lifestyles. Author Harold Koopowitz gives the most up-to-date information on the biology, ecology, distribution, destruction and conservation of orchids that there is.

Because Spirit Said So was inspired by and sometimes dictated by spirits. The author wrote these plays while in an altered state of consciousness mostly between the hours of midnight and 4AM. Her world is a quieter place during that time of the night. Vehicular traffic is almost non-existent, phones are not ringing, dogs are not barking and most importantly her husband and her cats are sound asleep. Claire will introduce you to her world standing at the edge of the veil. She will help you to experience the emotions transmitted from the Spirit World. Sometimes our loved ones who have crossed over are passionately trying to right wrongs committed in their last lifetime. Sometimes they just want us to know that life continues beyond the mortuary icebox. The play The Table gives us the most wonderful news of all; our loved ones can still communicate with us. The Foundation is the story about a murdered peddler in upstate New York. This play is written from the eyes of the victim, Charles osna. Charles sold sewing fabrics and needlework trinkets door to door in 1848. Bad weather and physical exhaustion led him into a false sense of security. He passionately wanted to bring his murderer to justice. This is a true story. Your author combed the archives of the Lily Dale Library and the 1848 newspaper microfiche in the Rochester, NY library searching for proof. She researched census records and inspected numerous graveyards; but, the very best information came from the spirit rapper himself.

This collection includes contributions from some of the major authors in the field. The critical essays have been chosen with the intention of opening up possibilities, marking out boundaries and setting objectives in the expanding field of international literature in English. New literary and critical practices are derived from the problematic role of English as an international language and from its relations with other languages. Values of cultural difference and particularity are emphasized. This work is intended for use in departments of literature (courses in 20th-century literature, Commonwealth literature, post-colonial literature, and Commonwealth studies.

This book is a comprehensive review of the genera of Orchidaceae, a diverse and widespread family of flowering plants, found in tropical East Africa. It presents information on their character, occurrence, habitat, phenotypic variations and distribution of each of the species under these genera.

In recent years, the human values at the heart of the nursing profession seem to have become side-lined by an increased focus on managerialist approaches to health care provision. Nursing's values are in danger of becoming marginalised further precisely because that which nursing does best - providing care and helping individuals through the human trauma of illness - is difficult to measure, and therefore plays little, if any, part in official accounts of outcome measures. Derek Sellman sets out the case for re-establishing the primacy of the virtues that underpin the practice of nursing in order to address the question: what makes a good nurse? He provides those in the caring professions with both a rationale and a practical understanding of the importance that particular character traits, including justice, courage, honesty, trustworthiness and open-mindedness, play in the practice of nursing, and explains why and how nurses should strive to cultivate these virtues, as well as the implications of this for practice. This original and thought-provoking book will be essential reading for nurses and nursing students, care workers, care commissioners, and many others who work in the caring professions.

Health policy thinking must change. This book explores the fundamental currents and tensions that lie behind recent trends such as shared decision-making, co-production, and personalisation. Its arguments will help fuel a shift away from a `delivery' model towards a more deliberative model of healthcare.

The memory of past atrocity lingers like a ghost at the table of democracy. Injustices carried out in the past - from massacres and murder to repression and detention - embitter societies and distort their structures so that the process of establishing and running a democracy carries an extra burden. This volume examines societies at various stages of dealing with the memory of the past, from China, Mongolia, Indonesia and the Baltic States, where bitter memories of death and persecution still intrude, to Finland, where the civil war of 1918 has finally been accepted as a distant national tragedy.

The goals of healthcare and health policy, and the health-related dilemmas facing policy makers, professionals, and citizens are extensively analysed and debated in a range of disciplines including public health, sociology, and applied philosophy. Health and the Good Society is the first full-length work that addresses these debates in a way that cuts across these disciplinary boundaries. Alan Cribb's core argument is that clinical ethics needs to be understood in the context of public health ethics. This entails healthcare ethics embracing 'the social dimension' of health in two overlapping senses: first, the various respects in which health experiences and outcomes are socially determined; and second, the ways in which health-related goods are better understood as social rather then purely individual goods. This broader approach to the Cthics of healthcare includes a concern with the social construction of both healthcare goods and the roles, ideals, and obligations of agents; that is to say it focuses upon the 'value field' of health-related action and not only upon the ethics of action within this value field. This groundbreaking book thus seeks to 'open up' the agenda of healthcare ethics both methodologically and substantively: it argues that population-oriented perspectives are central to all healthcare ethics, and that everybody has some share of responsibility for securing health-related goods including the good of greater health equality. One of its major conclusions is that the rather limited tradition of health education policy and practice needs a complete re-think.

Set against the stark backdrop of the Icelandic winter, an elusive, enigmatic fox leads a hunter on a transformative quest. At the edge of the hunter's territory, a naturalist struggles to build a life for his charge, a young woman with Down syndrome whom he had rescued from a shipwreck years before. By the end of Sjon's slender, spellbinding fable of a novel, none of their lives will be the same. Winner of the 2005 Nordic Council Literature Prize--the Nordic world's highest literary honor--"The Blue Fox "is part mystery, part fairy tale, and the perfect introduction to a mind-bending, world-class literary talent.

Aging Education provides educators in aging studies with a unique text that responds to the paucity of instructional strategies and teaching materials. Editors Nieli Langer and Terry Tirrito meet the challenge of educating and training students and providers of service to an aging population in all the various instructional programs (gerontology/geriatrics degrees) and non-credit workshops currently offered in different settings (hospitals, nursing homes, professional associations, in-service training, etc). By developing and explaining a multidisciplinary approach to working with older adults in areas related to health, education, ethics, law, cultural competency for a multicultural population, translating social policy into practice, spirituality, and human services, the editors provide an imaginative and thought-provoking unmet need for gerontology educators by providing them with teaching and practice strategies in aging education.

Between 1895 and 1945, Japan was heavily engaged in other parts of Asia, first in neighbouring Korea and northeast Asia, later in southern China and Southeast Asia. During this period Japanese ideas on the nature of national identities in Asia changed dramatically. At first Japan discounted the significance of nationalism, but in time Japanese authorities came to see Asian nationalisms as potential allies, especially if they could be shaped to follow Japanese patterns. At the same time, the ways in which other Asians thought of Japan also changed. Initially many Asians saw Japan as a useful but distant model, but with the rise of Japanese political power, this distant admiration turned into both cooperation and resistance. This volume includes chapters on India, Tibet, Siberia, Mongolia, Korea, Manchukuo, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia.

Significant changes in the policy and social context of teaching over the last 30 years have had substantial implications for teacher professionalism. As the influence of central regulation and marketisation has increased, so the scope for professional influence on policy and practice has in many cases diminished. Instead, teachers have had to respond to a range of other demands stemming from broader social changes, including greater public scepticism towards professional authority combined with demands for public services that are more responsive to diverse cultural and social identities. This collection of work by leading international scholars in the field makes a unique contribution to understanding both how these changes are impacting on teaching and how teachers might change their practice for the better. The central premise of the book is that if research is going to be helpful in improving professional learning and the quality of teachers' practice, the full potential of three broad approaches to research on teacher professionalism needs to be brought to bear on these issues: research on the changing political and social context of professional work and practice research on the working lives and lived experiences of teachers, and research on how teachers' professional practices might be enhanced. In bringing together and drawing out the complementarities of these three approaches, this book represents a ground-breaking collection of work.

Between 1895 and 1945, Japan was heavily engaged in other parts of Asia, first in neighbouring Korea and northeast Asia, later in southern China and Southeast Asia. During this period Japanese ideas on the nature of national identities in Asia changed dramatically. At first Japan discounted the significance of nationalism, but in time Japanese authorities came to see Asian nationalisms as potential allies, especially if they could be shaped to follow Japanese patterns. At the same time, the ways in which other Asians thought of Japan also changed. Initially many Asians saw Japan as a useful but distant model, but with the rise of Japanese political power, this distant admiration turned into both cooperation and resistance. This volume includes chapters on India, Tibet, Siberia, Mongolia, Korea, Manchukuo, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia.

The memory of past atrocity lingers like a ghost at the table of democracy. Injustices carried out in the past - from massacres and murder to repression and detention - embitter societies and distort their structures so that the process of establishing and running a democracy carries an extra burden. This volume examines societies at various stages of dealing with the memory of the past, from China, Mongolia, Indonesia and the Baltic States, where bitter memories of death and persecution still intrude, to Finland, where the civil war of 1918 has finally been accepted as a distant national tragedy.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203220358

Effective LEAs and School Improvement examines the ways in which Local Education Authorities can support and challenge schools to raise educational standards. The book includes case studies of effective LEAs and interludes from heads and governors on their experience of working with LEAs.
Effective LEAs and School Improvement enables Local Education Authorities to learn from existing good practice and to reflect upon their current situation and plan ahead to meet future demands. It is essential reading for all LEAs concerned with raising educational standards.

This pioneering volume traces the history of the region which became Indonesia, from early times to the present day, in over three hundred specially drawn full-colour maps with detailed accompanying text. In doing so, the Atlas brings fresh life to the fascinating and tangled history of this immense archipelago. Beginning with the geographical and ecological forces which have shaped the physical form of the archipelago, the Historical Atlas of Indonesia goes on to chart early human migration and the changing distribution of ethnic groups. It traces the kaleidoscopic pattern of states in early Indonesia and their gradual incorporation into the Netherlands Indies and eventually into the Republic of Indonesia.