When States Go Broke collects insights and analysis from leading academics and practitioners that discuss the ongoing fiscal crisis among the American states. No one disagrees with the idea that the states face enormous political and fiscal challenges. There is, however, little consensus on how to fix the perennial problems associated with these challenges. This volume fills an important gap in the dialogue by offering an academic analysis of the many issues broached by these debates. Leading scholars in bankruptcy, constitutional law, labor law, history, political science and economics have individually contributed their assessments of the origins, context and potential solutions for the states in crisis. It presents readers - academics, policy makers and concerned citizens alike - with the resources to begin and continue that important, solution-oriented conversation.

The Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016 introduced extensive changes to insolvency practice, precedents and procedures - the biggest change to insolvency for over 20 years. Fully updated to take account of these new rules, which came into effect on 6 April 2017, Corporate Insolvency Practice is the only comprehensive 'how to do it' guide for solicitors and barristers to all the most common court applications in corporate insolvency. Covering areas as diverse as winding up petitions to administrations to the reuse of company names, this practical and accessible book seeks to give the inside track on what the court will expect both in terms of practice and evidence. It also provides the busy practitioner with a range of useful precedents and checklists, and sets out key statutory and practice material for each application. Packed with precedents, forms, checklists and statutory extracts, Corporate Insolvency Practice ensures you have readily to hand everything you need to prepare and present the most common insolvency applications. The new edition of this title will be an invaluable reference for all practitioners making insolvency applications in the Companies Court.

Insolvency within multinational enterprise groups (MEGs) raises complex issues due to the foreign elements of the case and the multiplicity of debtors. The key problem is deciding to what extent and in which ways should there be 'linkage' between the entities in the course of their insolvency in order to promote insolvency goals. Historically the issue has been neglected both in national and international regimes. However, new initiatives are currently developing. In order to deal with this issue the work provides a theoretical framework, suggesting a balance between Entity-Enterprise issues (drawn from company law theory and the problem of enterprise groups) and Universality-Territoriality issues (drawn from cross-border insolvency and conflict of laws theory). This is further assisted by a taxonomy describing prototypical scenarios of MEGs and their insolvency. The theoretical framework and prototypical scenarios are the basis for critical analyses of various tools for 'linking' between different components of MEGs in the course of their insolvency and the degree to which they fit with a series of insolvency goals. Thus, the book suggests a comprehensive approach for dealing with insolvency within MEGs which can be used not only within the current cross-border insolvency frameworks (e.g., UNCITRAL Model Law, EC Regulation) but also as a definitive guideline for future reform. It argues that a global group-wide perspective for MEG insolvencies can be desirable if its application is limited to appropriate types of cases where unduly defeat of entity law and territoriality concerns can be minimized.

This new work provides timely analysis of the cross-border exercise of banking activity in the EU and its supervision, from the perspective of the 'home-host rule'. It examines the current system and the efficacy of recent reforms considering whether the centralisation of decision making and a more effective mutualisation of financing tools could improve the safety and soundness of the EU banking system and reduce the asymmetry of information between home and host authorities. The EU banking market is very integrated since banking institutions based in the Union are free to perform their activities within the single market. This has allowed EU banking institutions to significantly increase their cross border operations. This way of working is based on the home country control principle according to which EU institutions performing cross border activities continue to be supervised by their home country supervisor. However, this system has raised challenges for effectively performing supervision, resolution and crisis management of banking groups operating across the borders of many different jurisdictions. This book analyses how far recent reforms under the banking union regime have addressed these issues to ensure the integrity and stability of the European integration project. It utilises data to illustrate the cross border exposures between member states and how they influence home and host decision making. But it equally explores those areas that still remain within the national discretion such as non-performing loans, insolvency-liquidation of banks and deposit protection arrangements, to mention a few. The book analyses the main pillars of the banking union: the single supervisory mechanism (SSM); and the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM) and the proposed European Deposit Insurance Scheme (EDIS); and the related tools designed to provide crisis management under the European Stability Mechanism (ESM). As such the work considers the impact of the Single Rulebook. In considering these pieces of regulation and mechanisms the book analyses how international standards and EU requirements undertake to divide responsibilities between the home and host state and the extent to which they align interests between the home and host and minimise potential conflicts of interests. In this analysis examples from a set of EU cross-border banks are used to illustrate the workings of home and host relationship between Member States and Third Countries, and the benefits of participating in centralisation of decision making and mutualisation of financing in resolution and depositor protection. This work provides a valuable resource for academics researching on central banking union and regulation, and helps legal practitioners to address questions of supervision, resolution and insolvency with a cross-border element.

Im zweiten Abschnitt des zweiten Teils der Insolvenzordnung ( 38 ff. InsO) sieht das Gesetz eine Einteilung der Glaubiger in funf Gruppen vor. Es wird unterschieden zwischen Insolvenzglaubigern, nachrangigen Insolvenzglaubigern, Aussonderungsberechtigten, Absonderungsberechtigten sowie Masseglaubigern. Jeder Glaubigergruppe werden unterschiedliche Rechte zugewiesen und teilweise erhebliche Beschrankungen auferlegt. Angesichts der unterschiedlich ausgepragten Rechtspositionen ist es fur einen Glaubiger von entscheidender Bedeutung, welcher Kategorie er zugeordnet wird. Nicht selten ist diese Fragestellung daher Gegenstand entsprechender Auseinandersetzungen. Der Autor liefert eine systematische Untersuchung der in den 38 ff. InsO vorgesehenen Glaubigerkategorien und legt die dogmatischen Grundlagen der insolvenzrechtlichen Glaubigereinteilung offen. Aufbauend auf den zur Funktion der insolvenzrechtlichen Glaubigereinteilung gewonnenen Erkenntnissen wird die Umsetzung der Glaubigereinteilung in den einzelnen Normen der Insolvenzordnung umfassend analysiert.

Homer Maxey was a war hero, multimillionaire and pillar of the Lubbock, Texas, community. During the post-World War II boom, he filled the West Texas horizon with new apartment complexes, government buildings, hotels, banks, shopping centres and subdivisions. On the afternoon of February 16, 1966, executives of Citizens National Bank of Lubbock met to launch foreclosure proceedings against Maxey. In a secret sale, more than 35,000 acres of ranch land and other holdings were divided up and sold for pennies on the dollar. By closing time, Maxey was penniless. Maxey sued the bank and every member of the board of directors, including long-time friends and business partners. Almost fifteen years, two jury trials and nine separate appeals later, the case was settled on September 22, 1980. Broke, Not Broken, the story of this record-breaking, precedent-setting legal case, illuminates a community and a self-styled go-getter who refused to back down, even when his opponents were old friends, well-heeled leaders of the community, a bank backed by powerful Odessa oil men and the most formidable attorneys in West Texas.

The fourth edition of this book has been fully updated to take account of the drastic reforms that have occurred as a result of requirements to comply with EC Directives. In addition, an increasing body of international guidelines has been issued. This new edition includes the extensive amendments to the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, the European Patent Convention, the Patent Co-operation Treaty, the Madrid Agreement, the Agreement on Trade-related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the Performances and Phonograms Treaty. Concentrating on topics of particular practical importance and interest in a stimulating and concise way, this book should be of interest to both students and practitioners and is an introduction to the subject.

Aimed at companies, lenders and advisors, the third edition of the introduction to relevant procedures for company restructuring and insolvency in over 140 countries around the world has been revised and updated to reflect changes in legislation.

'Cash is king' and, presumably, will remain king for a long time to come. This is even more relevant since the financial crisis. Banks are now hesitant to provide credit lines to companies, whether national or cross-border. High interest rates are charged on debit amounts, but hardly any interest is paid on credit amounts. More than ever before, companies therefore need to limit both debit and credit amounts. Pooling cash within a corporate group or among a number of companies enables the best use of the funds available at as little cost as possible, thus strengthening the financial position of the companies involved. One result of the current economic low tide, however, is that there are some specific caveats to observe. Not only are regulatory constraints tightening by the day, but the risk of insolvency is also becoming an increasingly pressing issue. This new title, published in association with the International Bar Association, draws together leading practitioners from a wide range of countries who together provide detailed analysis on the provisions in their jurisdiction for cash pooling and insolvency.Each chapter follows the same template for ease of reference; topics featured include specific legal requirements from various perspectives, the liability of company directors, banking requirements, regulatory requirements and tax. This practical handbook is an essential guide for any insolvency professional, in-house counsel or adviser in banking and finance.

This book provides a logically ordered guide to the substantive law and practice relating to corporate insolvency as it currently stands. Procedures for commencing and conducting various types of insolvency proceedings are set out alongside the latest legislation (the Insolvency Act 1986, the Insolvency Rules 1986 and the two Insolvency Acts of 1994) and any relevant case law which supports, modifies or interprets that legislation

This edited volume is based on the European Law Institute's (ELI) project 'Rescue of Business in Insolvency Law'. The project ran from 2013 to 2017 under the auspices of the ELI and was conducted by Bob Wessels and Stephan Madaus, who were assisted by Gert-Jan Boon. The study sought to design (elements of) a legal framework that will enable the further development of coherent and functional rules for business rescue in Europe. This includes certain statutory procedures that could better enable parties to negotiate solutions where a business becomes financially distressed. Such a framework also includes rules to determine in which procedures and under which conditions an enforceable solution can be imposed upon creditors and other stakeholders despite their lack of consent. The project had a broad scope, and extended to consider frameworks that can be used by (non-financial) businesses out of court, and in a pre-insolvency context. Part I of this book, the ELI Instrument as approved by the ELI Council and General Assembly, features 115 recommendations on a wide variety of themes affected by the rescue of financially distressed businesses, such as the legal rules for professions and courts, treatment and ranking of creditors' claims, contract, corporate and labour law as well as laws relating to transaction avoidance. Part II consists of national reports that sketch the legal landscape in 13 States and of an 'Inventory Report on International Recommendations from Standard-Setting Organisations', both of which provided insight for the drafting of the Instrument. This volume is designed to assist those involved in a process of law reform and those setting standards for soft law in the business rescue context.

The new third edition of Debt Restructuring offers detailed legal analysis of international corporate, banking, and sovereign debt restructuring, from the perspective of creditors and debtors. It provides practical guidance to help practitioners, policy-makers, and academics in the UK and US to understand current developments in debt restructuring, and provides solutions for creditors holding distressed debt and debtor options in a distressed scenario. The Corporate Debt section includes significant changes to highlight the impact of COVID-19 on restructurings, including: potential grounds for investors/lenders to modify or terminate commitments to fund or support restructurings by invoking material adverse effect or force majeure clauses; unprecedented relief granted by insolvency courts to aid ailing retailers; and challenges facing insolvency courts in making necessary confirmation findings regarding the feasibility of reorganization plans due to market instability. This section also includes the recent adoption of the Part 26A Restructuring Plans and the EU Restructuring Directive. Amendments to the Bank Resolution section reflect decisions by the Single Resolution Board, and national authority resolution decisions notified to the European Banking Authority. A new sub-section on domestic bank insolvency and liquidation covers the developments under the Deposit Guarantee Schemes Directive, and a new chapter on insolvency law relating to Insurance Firms addresses the international debate on a special resolution regime for insurance firms. Other updates include the 2017 code of practice, the 'third country' branch model after Brexit, non-equivalence regarding depositor protection arrangements, and the Resolvability Assessment Framework. In the Sovereign Debt section, there is detailed coverage of US and UK developments, examining the increased role of sanctions and the possibility of piercing the corporate veil in SoEs (Chrystallex), as well as the increased push for domestic laws to be used to curtail litigation. It also covers developments in re-designation and the emergence of the 'pac-man technique' in the context of collective action clauses, as a result of the recent restructurings of Argentina and Ecuador. The impact of COVID-19 on the adoption of the Debt Service Suspension Initiative and the Common Framework are also analysed.

The first edition of this textbook was published in 2016, but since then the legal and factual scenario of European cross-border insolvency law has changed dramatically. In particular, three main events have occurred. First of all, the prescriptions of Regulation (EU) 2015/848 (Recast) have become applicable; second, the UK has left the European Union, without this completely reducing the meaning of the regulation for the UK though; and third, the European Union has enacted Directive (EU) 2019/1023 on preventive restructuring and insolvency. Moreover, since 2016, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has delivered significant new judgments, albeit regarding the Regulation (EU) 1346/2000; national courts have started applying the prescriptions of Regulation (EU) 2015/848; scholars have produced numerous papers and commentaries on Regulation (EU) 2015/848; and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) has issued relevant new documents such as the 2018 'Model Law on Recognition and Enforcement of Insolvency-Related Judgments' and the 2019 'Model Law on Enterprise Group Insolvency'. The second edition of this textbook maintains its original purpose of providing readers with a user-friendly framework so that they may understand the rationale of Regulation (EU) 2015/848 and be consistent in their application of its prescriptions. However, in order to analyse the impact of the new events and discuss the most recent interpretations of judges and scholars, each chapter has been given new bibliographical references, supplemented with further observations, and, in some cases, even reorganised.

This timely new work provides the most comprehensive coverage of debt restructuring tools available in the UK including analysis of the new restructuring plan under Part 26A of the Companies Act 2006 and emerging themes from related precedent case law. The book is the first of its kind to provide a comprehensive analysis of the new restructuring plan. Part A explains the law and practical application of the main types of creditor schemes of arrangement and restructuring plans in the UK. It analyses the tools available to market participants and other key stakeholders by reference to the capital structures most commonly seen in middle market and top tier European financings. Part B provides a comparative analysis between company voluntary arrangements (including recent case law) and schemes and restructuring plans to enhance the reader's understanding of the implications of the various tools available. Part C covers administration and receivership sales and appropriations under the Financial Collateral Arrangements Regulations for private and public companies, written from the perspective of a practitioner with practical issues in mind. The primary subject matters of the book are complemented by chapters analysing the "distressed disposals" regime in the Loan Market Association form of Intercreditor Agreement, liability management transactions under high yields nots/bonds, and scheme/restructuring plan-related pensions issues. This work is essential reading for all insolvency and debt finance lawyers advising on financial restructurings in the UK and Ireland. It provides practitioners involved in "new money" lending with a greater understanding of the consequences that transaction structuring and commonly negotiated features (e.g, debt incurrence regimes and other covenants, controls, and carve-outs) may have in a workout scenario.

This is the most comprehensive book focusing on the law and practice of Company Voluntary Arrangements (CVAs), bringing together analysis of the recent case law and legislation in one volume. CVAs originated in the 1980s as a simple restructuring tool for small businesses, but are now used in a wide variety of contexts, including by companies with real estate leasehold liabilities. Many high profile businesses have sought to take advantage of the flexibility of the procedure, and this has increased in light of the difficulties caused by the Covid 19 pandemic. The book considers recent judgments such as Debenhams, New Look, and Regis, drawing out the legal principles that have been applied. Practical aspects relating to CVAs are considered in the context of the law including consideration of the relative benefits and disadvantages of a CVA, as compared with the new restructuring plan procedure under Part 26A of the Companies Act 2006. Written by leading restructuring lawyers in the UK (in consultation with insolvency practitioners and accountants), UK property counsel and international counsel from Ireland, the USA and Canada. This work is an essential resource for all insolvency and restructuring professionals, private equity investors, special situations investment and real estate funds, property agents and advisers, management teams and academics.

The third edition of Transaction Avoidance in Insolvencies considers all the possible ways in which a vulnerable transaction might be attacked, as well as practical issues that can arise in a typical transaction avoidance case. This new edition has been fully updated to reflect recent legislative amendments arising from the revision of the Insolvency Rules 1986, which came into force in 2017. The text also now incorporates an international dimension, which includes an analysis of the revised EU Regulation on Insolvency Proceedings. There is also comprehensive coverage of important new case law. Written by a team of well-known specialists, Transaction Avoidance in Insolvencies provides a detailed account of this complex area from a practical perspective.

A fresh and insightful guide to post-financial crisis cross-border insolvency, this book interrogates the current regime and sets out a framework for improving its future. In recent decades, and especially since the global financial crisis, a number of important initiatives have focused on developing the mechanisms for managing the insolvency of multinational enterprises and financial institutions. The book considers the effectiveness of the current system and identifies the gaps that could be bridged by adopting certain strategies and tools, to improve the system further. The book first discusses the theoretical debate regarding cross-border insolvency and surveys the strengths and weaknesses of the prevailing method-modified universalism in its application to both commercial entities and financial institutions, consequently identifying a single set of emerging norms. The book argues that adhering to these norms more robustly would enhance global welfare and produce the best outcomes for businesses and institutions. By drawing upon sources from international law as well as behavioural and economic theory, the book offers a blueprint for meeting the demands of future cross-border insolvencies. It considers how to translate modified universalism into binding international law and how to choose the right instrument for cross-border insolvency as well as the impact that instrument design has on decisions and choices. It explores how to encourage compliance and proposes mechanisms that could potentially overcome, or at least take into account, behavioural biases in decision-making.

Das Buch analysiert den Paradigmenwechsel von einem Zerschlagungs- und Verteilungsrecht hin zu einem modernen Sanierungsrecht. Der Autor zeigt dabei Moeglichkeiten auf, die zu einer Verfestigung und Verfeinerung des Sanierungsgedankens im Insolvenzrecht fuhren koennen. Am Anfang der Untersuchung steht die historische Entwicklung des Sanierungsgedankens, es folgt eine Betrachtung der bisherigen Umsetzung. Um den weiteren Reformbedarf des Insolvenzrechts aufzudecken, werden europaische Rechtsordnungen sowie Vorhaben auf europaischer Ebene daraufhin untersucht, ob sie eine Vorbildfunktion fur das deutsche Sanierungsrecht haben koennten. Es werden konkrete Vorschlage zur AEnderung des Insolvenzrechts unterbreitet, die geeignet sein koennten, Sanierungen in Deutschland noch weiter zu erleichtern.

In this new book, Hayk Kupelyants examines sovereign debt litigation before the English and New York courts. The book sets out parties' litigation choices at various stages of proceedings and provides the legal background against which parties to a sovereign bond may wish to negotiate. The book offers an exhaustive account of litigation tactics available to bondholders and sovereign debtors alike. The book is unique in the breadth of its coverage. It examines issues of jurisdiction and choice of law at the preliminary stages of litigation, substantive challenges of various sorts to sovereign debt restructurings and to the repayment of bonds on merits, and enforcement of final judgments against the state and its assets in the post-judgment phase. This is a systematic explanation and critical evaluation of a difficult area of law, with regard to the current state of the law and key provisions of sovereign bond documents.

This book deals with the procedure for obtaining a winding-up order chronologically from presentation of a petition through to making the order. It also looks at the application process as it applies to various classes of petitioner, such as creditors, contributories (shareholders) and public officials. The fourth edition is completely updated to cover new legislation and new procedures. It includes new coverage of the Insolvency (England and Wales) Rules 2016, which rewrote the procedural rules for applications to wind up companies. The book also covers Regulation (EU) 2015/848 on insolvency proceedings (recast) concerning amended rules applying to jurisdiction, as well as new provisions for housing and education administration. Though focused on the procedure in the courts of England and Wales, the work also considers the jurisprudence of the many Commonwealth jurisdictions which have adopted the English procedure. This work contains all there is to know about applying (petitioning) to have companies and similar entities wound up by the court, making it essential for all lawyers who make, or defend, such applications.

This timely book analyzes and discuss the various issues associated with cross-border bank insolvency following the financial crisis. Though financial markets and institutions have become international in recent years, regulation remains constrained by the domain of domestic jurisdictions. This dichotomy poses challenges for regulators and policy makers. If at the national level, bank crisis management is complex (with the involvement of several authorities and the interests of many stakeholders), this complexity is far greater in the case of cross-border bank crisis management, both at the EU level and at the international level. Insolvency procedures are typically nationally based, entity-centric and sector specific. The demise of national frontiers in today's global financial markets shows the limitations and inadequacies of these principles to deal with financial conglomerates, complex financial groups and international holding structures. These inadequacies are particularly evident in the case of cross-border bank insolvency. They are also manifested in the host-home country divide and in the treatment of systemic risk and systemically significant financial institutions. Institutions may claim to be global when they are alive (as in the case of Lehman Brothers); they become national when they are dead. Quite often, financial law specialists lack in-depth expertise on insolvency law and insolvency law specialists lack in-depth expertise on financial law. This book bridges these two areas of law by bringing together distinguished insolvency and banking law experts to provide a unique analysis of the special issues associated with cross-border bank insolvency and an inter-jurisdictional approach combining national, European and international dimensions. The Editor draws on her experience gained during participation in the Basel Working Group to provide a valuable reference for banking and insolvency practitioners, scholars, regulators and the judiciary.

Buying and Selling Insolvent Companies and Businesses aims to be a comprehensive guide to its readers, being useful to insolvency practitioners and other professionals involved in insolvency, including lawyers, accountants, company directors and company secretaries. It is also of use to potential investors and their advisers as well as being of interest to students who may wish to specialise in insolvency. The new third edition has been updated to include: - Corporate Insolvency and Governance Act 2020 which brought in a new moratorium procedure and restructuring plan as permanent measures in response to COVID-19 - the impact of Brexit on insolvency laws - the impact of the significant rise in the use of company voluntary arrangements - the new Pensions bill, which will have an impact on advisors to insolvent companies

The Law of Assignment is the leading text on the law relating to intangible property or choses in action. Its clear and approachable structure covers all forms of intangible property (debts, rights under contract, securities, intellectual property, leases, rights/causes of action and equitable rights), considering the nature of intangible property, how it comes into being and how it is transferred or assigned. The first part of the book analyses the general principles regarding intangibles and their transfer, and the second examines the practical considerations relating to particular types of intangibles, securities, insurance contracts, leases and intellectual property under the law. The third edition includes new chapters on powers of attorney and factoring, areas particularly important to legal practice. Other significant developments include the expansion of the chapter on leases to include leasing of chattels, and more material on securities, especially regarding the operation of settlement systems.

This new edition of Corporate Insolvency Law builds on the unique and influential analytical framework established in previous editions - which outlines the values to be served by insolvency law and the need for it to further corporate as well as broader social ends. Examining insolvency law in the fast-evolving commercial world, the third edition covers the host of new laws, policies and practices that have emerged in response to the fresh corporate and financial environments of the post-2008 crisis era. This third edition includes a new chapter on the growing issue of cross border insolvency and deals with a host of recent developments, notably; the consolidation of the rescue culture in the UK, the rise of the pre-packaged administration, and the substantial replacement of administrative receivership with administration. Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, professionals and academics, Corporate Insolvency Law offers an organised basis for rising to the challenges of an ever-shifting area of the law.