Achieve Linux system administration mastery with time-tested and proven techniques In Mastering Linux System Administration, Linux experts and system administrators Christine Bresnahan and Richard Blum deliver a comprehensive roadmap to go from Linux beginner to expert Linux system administrator with a learning-by-doing approach. Organized by do-it-yourself tasks, the book includes instructor materials like a sample syllabus, additional review questions, and slide decks. Amongst the practical applications of the Linux operating system included within, you'll find detailed and easy-to-follow instruction on: Installing Linux servers, understanding the boot and initialization processes, managing hardware, and working with networks Accessing the Linux command line, working with the virtual directory structure, and creating shell scripts to automate administrative tasks Managing Linux user accounts, system security, web and database servers, and virtualization environments Perfect for entry-level Linux system administrators, as well as system administrators familiar with Windows, Mac, NetWare, or other UNIX systems, Mastering Linux System Administration is a must-read guide to manage and secure Linux servers.

A heterogeneous network is a network which connects computers and other devices with different operating systems, protocols, or access technologies. By definition, managing heterogenous networks is more difficult that homogenous networks. Confidentiality, integrity, availability (CIA) remain the foundation of security. This book sheds light upon security threats, defenses, and remediation on various networking and data processing domains, including wired networks, wireless networks, mobile ad-hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, and social networks through the prisms of confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, and access control. The book is broken into different chapters that explore central subjects and themes in the development of the heterogenous networks we see today. The chapters look at: Access control methods in cloud-enabled Internet of Things Secure routing algorithms for mobile ad-hoc networks Building security trust in mobile ad-hoc networks using soft computing methods The use and development of Blockchain technology, with a particular focus on the nonce-free hash generation in Blockchain Password authentication and keystroke biometrics Health care data analytics over Big Data Bluetooth: and its open issues for managing security services in heterogenous networks Managing Security Services in Heterogenous Networks will be a valuable resource for a whole host of undergraduate and postgraduate students studying related topics, as well as career professionals who have to effectively manage heterogenous networks in the workplace.

As technology continues to advance and the interconnection of various devices makes our lives easier, it also puts us at further risk of privacy and security threats. Phones can connect to household devices to help set alarms, turn on or off the lights, and even preheat ovens. The Internet of Things (IoT) is this symbiotic interplay of smart devices that collect data and make intelligent decisions. However, the lack of an intrinsic security measure within IoT makes it especially vulnerable to privacy and security threats. Blockchain and IoT Integration highlights how Blockchain, an encrypted, distributed computer filing system, can be used to help protect IoT against such privacy and security breaches. The merger of IoT and blockchain technology is a step towards creating a verifiable, secure, and permanent method of recording data processed by "smart" machines. The text explores the platforms and applications of blockchain-enabled IoT as well as helps clarify how to strengthen the IoT security found in healthcare systems as well as private homes. Other highlights of the book include: Overview of the blockchain architecture Blockchain to secure IoT data Blockchain to secure drug supply chain and combat counterfeits Blockchain IoT concepts for smart grids, smart cities, and smart homes A biometric-based blockchain enabled payment system IoT for smart healthcare monitoring systems

This book addresses the important role of communication within the context of performing an audit, project, or review (i.e., planning, detailed testing, and reporting). Intended for audit, information security, enterprise, and operational risk professionals at all levels, including those just starting out, Say What!? Communicate with Tact and Impact: What to Say to Get Results at Any Point in an Audit contains an array of practical and time-tested approaches that foster efficient and effective communication at any point during an engagement. The practical and memorable techniques are culled from author Ann M. Butera's CRP experience as a trusted advisor who has taught thousands of professionals how to develop and hone their interpersonal, communication, and empathic skills. Those familiar with the Five Tier Competency ModelTM she developed will recognize these techniques as a deep dive on the competencies comprising Tier 3: Project Management and Tier 5: Managing Constituent Relations. The author discusses the following behaviors in one's dealings with executives, process owners, control performers, and colleagues: Demonstrating executive presence Becoming the trusted advisor Influencing others Communicating with tact, confidence, and impact Facilitating productive meetings and discussions Overcoming resistance and objections Managing and resolving conflict Knowing when to let a topic go and move on This book is a guide for professionals who want to interact proactively and persuasively with those they work with, audit, or review. It describes techniques that can be used during virtual, in-person, telephone, or video conferences (as opposed to emails, workpapers, and reports). It provides everyone (newer associates in particular) with the interpersonal skills needed to (1) develop and build relationships with their internal constituents and clients, (2) facilitate conversations and discussions before and during meetings, and (3) handle impromptu questions with confidence and executive presence and make positive first impressions. The topics and techniques discussed are accompanied by case studies, examples, and exercises to give the readers the opportunity to develop plans to bridge the gap between theory and practice. The readers can use the book as a reliable resource when subject matter experts or training guides are not readily available.

Nanoelectronic Devices for Hardware and Software Security has comprehensive coverage of the principles, basic concepts, structure, modeling, practices, and circuit applications of nanoelectronics in hardware/software security. It also covers the future research directions in this domain. In this evolving era, nanotechnology is converting semiconductor devices dimensions from micron technology to nanotechnology. Nanoelectronics would be the key enabler for innovation in nanoscale devices, circuits, and systems. The motive for this research book is to provide relevant theoretical frameworks that include device physics, modeling, circuit design, and the latest developments in experimental fabrication in the field of nanotechnology for hardware/software security. There are numerous challenges in the development of models for nanoscale devices (e.g., FinFET, gate-all-around devices, TFET, etc.), short channel effects, fringing effects, high leakage current, and power dissipation, among others. This book will help to identify areas where there are challenges and apply nanodevice and circuit techniques to address hardware/software security issues.

This book vividly illustrates all the promising and potential machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms through a host of real-world and real-time business use cases. Machines and devices can be empowered to self-learn and exhibit intelligent behavior. Also, Big Data combined with real-time and runtime data can lead to personalized, prognostic, predictive, and prescriptive insights. This book examines the following topics: Cognitive machines and devices Cyber physical systems (CPS) The Internet of Things (IoT) and industrial use cases Industry 4.0 for smarter manufacturing Predictive and prescriptive insights for smarter systems Machine vision and intelligence Natural interfaces K-means clustering algorithm Support vector machine (SVM) algorithm A priori algorithms Linear and logistic regression Applied Learning Algorithms for Intelligent IoT clearly articulates ML and DL algorithms that can be used to unearth predictive and prescriptive insights out of Big Data. Transforming raw data into information and relevant knowledge is gaining prominence with the availability of data processing and mining, analytics algorithms, platforms, frameworks, and other accelerators discussed in the book. Now, with the emergence of machine learning algorithms, the field of data analytics is bound to reach new heights. This book will serve as a comprehensive guide for AI researchers, faculty members, and IT professionals. Every chapter will discuss one ML algorithm, its origin, challenges, and benefits, as well as a sample industry use case for explaining the algorithm in detail. The book's detailed and deeper dive into ML and DL algorithms using a practical use case can foster innovative research.

A Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP) (R) Success is for program managers preparing to take the PgMP exam based on The Standard for Program Management - 4th Edition (PgM4 Standard). It is designed for busy professionals whose responsibilities have taken them into the realm of coordinating, facilitating, managing, and leading programs. Program managers are leaders who are directly managing large amounts of project resources for their organizations. This study guide addresses three main concerns facing PgMP exam candidates: What are the essential concepts, processes, and tools that form the foundation of today's program management? Since program management is still an emerging profession with professionals often working in different ways, what does this mean for a "standard" exam? More specifically, how does that impact your ability to pass the PgMP exam? What is the best way to prepare for the PgMP exam? To address the first concern, this book highlights the underlying rationale for program management: why it exists in organizations; why it is becoming ever more important; what programs are, especially for the purpose of passing the exam; how to think like a portfolio manager; and what the most important concepts, processes, and tools are for this profession. By simplifying complex ideas and communicating them in plain English with relevant examples, this book aims to help readers not only to pass the PgMP exam but also to serve as an essential guide for program managers. For the second concern, this book differs from other study guides by describing the author's personal experience as a program manager and addressing the most pressing questions for each of the performance domains in The Standard for Program Management. To address the last concern, this book contains 420 practice questions, access to an online exam simulator and an online PgMP community, and a time-tested approach for passing the PgMP exam.

Cybercrime is increasing at an exponential rate. Every day, new hacking techniques and tools are being developed by threat actors to bypass security systems and access private data. Most people do not know how to secure themselves, their devices, and their media shared online. Especially now, cybercriminals appear to be ahead of cybersecurity experts across cyberspace. During the coronavirus pandemic, we witnessed the peak of cybercrime, which is likely to be sustained even after the pandemic. This book is an up-to-date self-help guide for everyone who connects to the Internet and uses technology. It is designed to spread awareness about cybersecurity by explaining techniques and methods that should be implemented practically by readers. Arun Soni is an international award-winning author who has written 159 books on information technology. He is also a Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH v8) from the EC-Council US. His achievements have been covered by major newspapers and portals, such as Business Standard, The Economic Times, Indian Express, The Tribune, Times of India, Yahoo News, and Rediff.com. He is the recipient of multiple international records for this incomparable feat. His vast international exposure in cybersecurity and writing make this book special. This book will be a tremendous help to everybody and will be considered a bible on cybersecurity.

Reviews IoT software architecture and middleware, data processing and management, security, privacy and reliability, architectures, protocols, technologies, algorithms, and smart objects, sensors, and actuators Explores IoT as it applies to energy, including energy efficiency and management, intelligent energy management, smart energy through blockchain and energy-efficient/aware routing/scheduling challenges and issues Examines IoT as it applies to healthcare including biomedical image and signal analysis, and disease prediction and diagnosis Examines IoT as it applies to smart industry including architecture, blockchain, and Industry 4.0 Discusses different ways to create a better IoT network or IoT platform

Mobile devices are ubiquitous; therefore, mobile device forensics is absolutely critical. Whether for civil or criminal investigations, being able to extract evidence from a mobile device is essential. This book covers the technical details of mobile devices and transmissions, as well as forensic methods for extracting evidence. There are books on specific issues like Android forensics or iOS forensics, but there is not currently a book that covers all the topics covered in this book. Furthermore, it is such a critical skill that mobile device forensics is the most common topic the Author is asked to teach to law enforcement. This is a niche that is not being adequately filled with current titles. An In-Depth Guide to Mobile Device Forensics is aimed towards undergraduates and graduate students studying cybersecurity or digital forensics. It covers both technical and legal issues, and includes exercises, tests/quizzes, case studies, and slides to aid comprehension.

Get CISSP certified, with this comprehensive study plan! Revised for the updated 2021 exam, CISSP For Dummies is packed with everything you need to succeed on test day. With deep content review on every domain, plenty of practice questions, and online study tools, this book helps aspiring security professionals unlock the door to success on this high-stakes exam. This book, written by CISSP experts, goes beyond the exam material and includes tips on setting up a 60-day study plan, exam-day advice, and access to an online test bank of questions. Make your test day stress-free with CISSP For Dummies! Review every last detail you need to pass the CISSP certification exam Master all 8 test domains, from Security and Risk Management through Software Development Security Get familiar with the 2021 test outline Boost your performance with an online test bank, digital flash cards, and test-day tips If you're a security professional seeking your CISSP certification, this book is your secret weapon as you prepare for the exam.

In this complete introduction to the theory of finding derivatives of scalar-, vector- and matrix-valued functions with respect to complex matrix variables, Hjorungnes describes an essential set of mathematical tools for solving research problems where unknown parameters are contained in complex-valued matrices. The first book examining complex-valued matrix derivatives from an engineering perspective, it uses numerous practical examples from signal processing and communications to demonstrate how these tools can be used to analyze and optimize the performance of engineering systems. Covering un-patterned and certain patterned matrices, this self-contained and easy-to-follow reference deals with applications in a range of areas including wireless communications, control theory, adaptive filtering, resource management and digital signal processing. Over 80 end-of-chapter exercises are provided, with a complete solutions manual available online.

Cybercrime is increasing at an exponential rate. Every day, new hacking techniques and tools are being developed by threat actors to bypass security systems and access private data. Most people do not know how to secure themselves, their devices, and their media shared online. Especially now, cybercriminals appear to be ahead of cybersecurity experts across cyberspace. During the coronavirus pandemic, we witnessed the peak of cybercrime, which is likely to be sustained even after the pandemic. This book is an up-to-date self-help guide for everyone who connects to the Internet and uses technology. It is designed to spread awareness about cybersecurity by explaining techniques and methods that should be implemented practically by readers. Arun Soni is an international award-winning author who has written 159 books on information technology. He is also a Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH v8) from the EC-Council US. His achievements have been covered by major newspapers and portals, such as Business Standard, The Economic Times, Indian Express, The Tribune, Times of India, Yahoo News, and Rediff.com. He is the recipient of multiple international records for this incomparable feat. His vast international exposure in cybersecurity and writing make this book special. This book will be a tremendous help to everybody and will be considered a bible on cybersecurity.

This book provides an integrated solution for security and safety in the home, covering both assistance in health monitoring and safety from strangers/intruders who want to enter the home with harmful intentions. It defines a system whereby recognition of a person/stranger at the door is done using three modules: Face Recognition, Voice Recognition and Similarity Index. These three modules are taken together to provide a percentage likelihood that the individual is in the "known" or "unknown" category. The system can also continuously monitor the health parameters of a vulnerable person living alone at home and aid them in calling for help in an emergency. The authors have analyzed a number of existing biometric techniques to provide security for an individual living alone at home. These biometric techniques have been tested using MATLAB (R) image processing and signal processing toolboxes, and results have been calculated on the basis of recognition rate. A major contribution in providing security is a hybrid algorithm proposed by the author named PICA, which combines features of both PCA (Principle Component Analysis) and ICA (Independent Component Analysis) algorithms. This hybrid approach gives better performance recognition than either system alone. The second proposed hybrid algorithm for voice recognition is named as a MFRASTA algorithm by combining features of MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) and RASTA-PLP (RelAtive SpecTrA-Perceptual Linear Prediction) algorithm. After performing experiments, results are collected on the basis of recognition rate. The authors have also proposed a third technique named as a Similarity Index to provide trust-based security for an individual. This technique is text independent in which a person is recognized by pronunciation, frequency, tone, pitch, etc., irrespective of the content spoken by the person. By combining these three techniques, a high recognition rate is provided to the person at the door and high security to the individual living independently at home. In the final contribution, the authors have proposed a fingertip-based application for health monitoring by using the concept of sensors. This application is developed using iPhone 6's camera. When a person puts their fingertip on a camera lens, with the help of brightness of the skin, the person's heartbeat will be monitored. This is possible even with a low-quality camera. In case of any emergency, text messages will be sent to the family members of the individual living alone by using 3G Dongle and MATLAB tool. Results show that the proposed work outperforms all the existing techniques used in face recognition, voice recognition, and health monitoring alone.

The threat landscape is evolving with tremendous speed. We are facing an extremely fast-growing attack surface with a diversity of attack vectors, a clear asymmetry between attackers and defenders, billions of connected IoT devices, mostly reactive detection and mitigation approaches, and finally big data challenges. The clear asymmetry of attacks and the enormous amount of data are additional arguments to make it necessary to rethink cybersecurity approaches in terms of reducing the attack surface, to make the attack surface dynamic, to automate the detection, risk assessment, and mitigation, and to investigate the prediction and prevention of attacks with the utilization of emerging technologies like blockchain, artificial intelligence and machine learning. This book contains eleven chapters dealing with different Cybersecurity Issues in Emerging Technologies. The issues that are discussed and analyzed include smart connected cars, unmanned ships, 5G/6G connectivity, blockchain, agile incident response, hardware assisted security, ransomware attacks, hybrid threats and cyber skills gap. Both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation of state-of-the-art techniques are presented and discussed. Prospective readers can be benefitted in understanding the future implications of novel technologies and proposed security solutions and techniques. Graduate and postgraduate students, research scholars, academics, cybersecurity professionals, and business leaders will find this book useful, which is planned to enlighten both beginners and experienced readers.

Many small and medium scale businesses cannot afford to procure expensive cybersecurity tools. In many cases, even after procurement, lack of a workforce with knowledge of the standard architecture of enterprise security, tools are often used ineffectively. The Editors have developed multiple projects which can help in developing cybersecurity solution architectures and the use of the right tools from the open-source software domain. This book has 8 chapters describing these projects in detail with recipes on how to use open-source tooling to obtain standard cyber defense and the ability to do self-penetration testing and vulnerability assessment. This book also demonstrates work related to malware analysis using machine learning and implementation of honeypots, network Intrusion Detection Systems in a security operation center environment. It is essential reading for cybersecurity professionals and advanced students.

Remote workforces using VPNs, cloud-based infrastructure and critical systems, and a proliferation in phishing attacks and fraudulent websites are all raising the level of risk for every company. It all comes down to just one thing that is at stake: how to gauge a company's level of cyber risk and the tolerance level for this risk. Loosely put, this translates to how much uncertainty an organization can tolerate before it starts to negatively affect mission critical flows and business processes. Trying to gauge this can be a huge and nebulous task for any IT security team to accomplish. Making this task so difficult are the many frameworks and models that can be utilized. It is very confusing to know which one to utilize in order to achieve a high level of security. Complicating this situation further is that both quantitative and qualitative variables must be considered and deployed into a cyber risk model. Assessing and Insuring Cybersecurity Risk provides an insight into how to gauge an organization's particular level of cyber risk, and what would be deemed appropriate for the organization's risk tolerance. In addition to computing the level of cyber risk, an IT security team has to determine the appropriate controls that are needed to mitigate cyber risk. Also to be considered are the standards and best practices that the IT security team has to implement for complying with such regulations and mandates as CCPA, GDPR, and the HIPAA. To help a security team to comprehensively assess an organization's cyber risk level and how to insure against it, the book covers: The mechanics of cyber risk Risk controls that need to be put into place The issues and benefits of cybersecurity risk insurance policies GDPR, CCPA, and the the CMMC Gauging how much cyber risk and uncertainty an organization can tolerate is a complex and complicated task, and this book helps to make it more understandable and manageable.

Provides a structured look, at the unique characteristic for smart sensor networks to resolving the issues of many real-world applications in a broad range of areas such as Smart Healthcare, Engineering, Scientific Research, Social Media, Industrial Automation and more Offers a systematic look at the unique characteristics of AI based wireless sensor networks through their usage in a broad range of areas Delivers recent trends and core concepts in both analytics and application in smart sensor networks using AI Explores the development and application of AI and evolutionary computing as applied to wireless sensor networks Focuses on stepwise discussion, exhaustive literature review, detailed analysis and discussion, rigorous experimentation result and an application-oriented approach.

This book promotes and facilitates exchanges of research knowledge and findings across different disciplines on the design and investigation of deep learning (DL)-based data analytics of IoT (Internet of Things) infrastructures. Deep Learning for Internet of Things Infrastructure addresses emerging trends and issues on IoT systems and services across various application domains. The book investigates the challenges posed by the implementation of deep learning on IoT networking models and services. It provides fundamental theory, model, and methodology in interpreting, aggregating, processing, and analyzing data for intelligent DL-enabled IoT. The book also explores new functions and technologies to provide adaptive services and intelligent applications for different end users. FEATURES Promotes and facilitates exchanges of research knowledge and findings across different disciplines on the design and investigation of DL-based data analytics of IoT infrastructures Addresses emerging trends and issues on IoT systems and services across various application domains Investigates the challenges posed by the implementation of deep learning on IoT networking models and services Provides fundamental theory, model, and methodology in interpreting, aggregating, processing, and analyzing data for intelligent DL-enabled IoT Explores new functions and technologies to provide adaptive services and intelligent applications for different end users Uttam Ghosh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. Mamoun Alazab is an Associate Professor in the College of Engineering, IT and Environment at Charles Darwin University, Australia. Ali Kashif Bashir is a Senior Lecturer/Associate Professor and Program Leader of BSc (H) Computer Forensics and Security at the Department of Computing and Mathematics, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom. Al-Sakib Khan Pathan is an Adjunct Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the Independent University, Bangladesh.

Originally written by a team of Certified Protection Professionals (CPPs), Anthony DiSalvatore gives valuable updates to The Complete Guide for CPP Examination Preparation. This new edition contains an overview of the fundamental concepts and practices of security management while offering important insights into the CPP exam. Until recently the security profession was regarded as a "necessary evil." This book is a comprehensive guide to a profession that is now considered critical to our well-being in the wake of 9/11. It presents a practical approach drawn from decades of combined experience shared by the authors, prepares the reader for the CPP exam, and walks them through the certification process. This edition gives revised and updated treatment of every subject in the CPP exam, encourages and outlines a three-part program for you to follow, and includes sample questions at the end of each area of study. Although these are not questions that appear on the actual exam, they convey the principles and concepts that the exam emphasizes and are valuable in determining if you have mastered the information. The book also includes a security survey that covers all facets of external and internal security, as well as fire prevention. The Complete Guide for CPP Examination Preparation, Second Edition allows you to move steadily forward along your path to achieving one of the most highly regarded certifications in the security industry.

This book gives examples from healthcare institutions that are using IT automation and innovation to drive change and provides guidance on the strategic direction of HIT over the next five years. Improving the delivery of healthcare through HIT is vital for both the economic success of healthcare organizations and the care of the patient, but most EMR systems do not have an integrated and architected approach. This book provides a detailed approach on how to leverage IT for transformation. It also shows how to build upon the experiences of other industries and helps foster innovation by providing a vision of where technology can be an enabler.

The U.S. healthcare system is in "complete chaos-disarray." Medical costs have increased significantly over the past 6 years with 70% increase for deductibles and 24% or more for health insurance premiums. All the while, workers earnings have either not increased or if they did, the pay raises were for less than the increase in the cost of medical care. The situation is unsustainable and the public wants the system fixed. This book offers ways of fixing the problems in healthcare. HEALTHCARE's OUT SICK - PREDICTING A CURE - Solutions that WORK !!!! first defines the "healthcare in crisis" problem. Through real patient experiences, the book describes the difficulties of getting through the maze of complexity among the plethora of "silo providers" which make up the industry. The heart of the book provides readers with a comprehensive solution that can work, a disruption that is necessary to provide Americans the medical care they need without the US public and healthcare providers and payors going into bankruptcy, insolvency or closure. This book delves into digitized medicine, payor and provider reimbursement models, and value-based healthcare delivery. It also includes a philosophy or mode of thinking and operation for the solutions that are needed for diagnosis-effective, cost-effective, and time-efficient healthcare delivery, of which digitized medicine, value-based care, and payor reimbursement modes are just some of the factors. The authors propose that the real solution involves having the patient at the center of the issues and changing from an archaic gold standard way of thinking to a "Predictive Analytic thinking" where one gets at the real truth by doing "real science" that in the end becomes effective not only for the population but for the individual person. This all leads to real person-centered and person-directed medicine and healthcare delivery.

This volume explores the diverse applications of advanced tools and technologies of the emerging field of big data and their evidential value in business. It examines the role of analytics tools and methods of using big data in strengthening businesses to meet today's information challenges and shows how businesses can adapt big data for effective businesses practices. This volume shows how big data and the use of data analytics is being effectively adopted more frequently, especially in companies that are looking for new methods to develop smarter capabilities and tackle challenges in dynamic processes. Many illustrative case studies are presented that highlight how companies in every sector are now focusing on harnessing data to create a new way of doing business.

Considers how different fields across technology and business have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic Explores the innovations, disruptions and changes that are required to adapt in a fast-evolving landscape technology Offers a wealth of perspectives from international contributors working in a variety of contexts.

Recent computer-based tools for project planning and management focus on user-friendliness and interconnectivity. However, these programs function on the Critical Path Method, or CPM, which was created in the 1950s. These programs, which involve simplistic models and methods, ignore the fact that the underlying computations on which they function have become woefully inadequate for the complex projects of today. The product of nearly a decade of work, The Dynamic Progress Method: Using Advanced Simulation to Improve Project Planning and Management provides an overview of the research conducted while illustrating some of the issues with current approaches. It presents the Dynamic Progress Method (DPM), an innovative simulation-based approach to project management. It also includes instructions on how to use the accompanying DPM-based simulation tool pmBLOX to plan, manage, and analyze projects. This groundbreaking book is a must-have resource for project planning and management. It introduces a new and better way of planning, estimating, and managing projects that corrects some of the fundamental flaws of the CPM. It brings the computational integrity of planning simulations up to speed with modern needs, making it useful not only to current project managers but also to students who will become project managers.