Provides a tightly structured introduction to this complex topic, supported by well chosen case studies from a variety of jurisdictions. Appropriate for law students looking to practice contract law in a transnational environment.

In its case law, the European Court of Human Rights has acknowledged that national courts are bound to give effect to Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) which sets out the right to private and family life, when they rule on controversies between private individuals. Article 8 of the ECHR has thus been accorded mittelbare Drittwirkung or indirect a ~third-partya (TM) effect in private law relationships.

The German law of privacy, centring on the "allgemeines PersAnlichkeitsrecht," has quite a long history, and the influence of the European Court of Human Rightsa (TM) interpretation of the ECHR has led to a strengthening of privacy protection in the German law. This book considers how English courts could possibly use and adapt structures adopted by the German legal order in response to rulings from the European Court of Human Rights, to strengthen the protection of privacy in the private sphere.

This edited collection is an interdisciplinary and international collaborative book that critically investigates the growing phenomenon of Indigenous-industry agreements - agreements that are formed between Indigenous peoples and companies involved in the extractive natural resource industry. These agreements are growing in number and relevance, but there has yet to be a systematic study of their formation and implementation. This groundbreaking collection is situated within frameworks that critically analyze and navigate relationships between Indigenous peoples and the extraction of natural resources. These relationships generate important questions in the context of Indigenous-industry agreements in diverse resource-rich countries including Australia and Canada, and regions such as Africa and Latin America. Beyond domestic legal and political contexts, the collection also interprets, navigates, and deploys international instruments such as the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in order to fully comprehend the diverse expressions of Indigenous-industry agreements. Indigenous-Industry Agreements, Natural Resources and the Law presents chapters that comprehensively review agreements between Indigenous peoples and extractive companies. It situates these agreements within the broader framework of domestic and international law and politics, which define and are defined by the relationships between Indigenous peoples, extractive companies, governments, and other actors. The book presents the latest state of knowledge and insights on the subject and will be of value to researchers, academics, practitioners, Indigenous communities, policymakers, and students interested in extractive industries, public international law, Indigenous rights, contracts, natural resources law, and environmental law.

Foundations of International Commercial Law provides a fresh analysis of both the contextual features of International Commercial Law and a range of different International Commercial Law instruments. This text covers the various elements which comprise International Commercial Law, the academic debates about the lex mercatoria and harmonisation, as well as a discussion of selected conventions and other instruments. International Commercial Law is concerned with commercial transactions which have an international dimension, for example contracts between parties from multiple jurisdictions. As an area of study, it is characterised by the interaction of a wide range of national and international legal sources which all shape the overall context within which international commercial contracts are made and performed. This book focuses on the international legal sources in particular. It first explores all the different elements which together comprise the context of international commercial transactions, before examining the process of making International Commercial Law. Specific instruments of International Commercial Law discussed in the book include the conventions on the international sale of goods, agency, financial leasing, factoring, receivables financing and secured interests in mobile equipment, together with the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts and documentary credits. There are separate chapters on private international law and international commercial arbitration, and a final chapter exploring the existing and potential impact of the digital economy on International Commercial Law. Offering a detailed overview of the main themes and key aspects of International Commercial Law, this book is for readers who are new to the subject, whether undergraduate or postgraduate students, legal scholars, practitioners or policymakers.

FIDIC contracts are the most widely used contracts for international construction around the world and are used in many different jurisdictions, both common law and civil law. For any construction project, the General Conditions of Contract published by FIDIC may need to be supplemented by Particular Conditions that specify the specific requirements of that project and jurisdiction. FIDIC Contracts in the Americas: A Practical Guide to Application provides readers with an overview of the legal environment, the construction industry and features of contract law applying to construction contracts in a number of jurisdictions in the Americas. It provides detailed guidance for the preparation of the Particular Conditions for FIDIC contracts that will comply with the requirements of the applicable laws that apply to the site where the work is carried out, and for the governing law of the contract. This book also details the impact of COVID-19 on both the execution of construction projects and the operation of construction contracts in each jurisdiction. This book is essential reading for construction professionals, lawyers and students of construction law.

This volume examines the relationship between Christian legal theory and the fields of private law. Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in private law theory, and this book contributes to that discussion by drawing on the historical, theological, and philosophical resources of the Christian tradition. The book begins with an introduction from the editors that lays out the understanding of "private law" and what distinguishes private law topics from other fields of law. This section includes two survey chapters on natural law and biblical sources. The remaining sections of the book move sequentially through the fields of property, contracts, and torts. Several chapters focus on historical sources and show the ways in which the evolution of legal doctrine in areas of private law has been heavily influenced by Christian thinkers. Other chapters draw out more contemporary and public policy-related implications for private law. While this book is focused on the relationship of Christianity to private law, it will be of broad interest to those who might not share that faith perspective. In particular, legal historians and philosophers of law will find much of interest in the original scholarship in this volume. The book will be attractive to teachers of law, political science, and theology. It will be of special interest to the many law faculty in property, contracts, and torts, as it provides a set of often overlooked historical and theoretical perspectives on these fields.

In the initial phase, start-ups often overlook the importance of protecting intellectual property (IP) assets in favour of concentrating on the business idea. This can leave the business exposed to both financial and creative risk. This highly practical book highlights the need for start-ups to protect their IP from the outset. It outlines the basics of IP in a start-up context and gives guidance to founders and their advisors in developing a successful IP strategy, including building patent portfolios, contract drafting, financing, due diligence and asset management. Key Features: 'Best practice' on IP strategy for start-ups and beyond Guidance on how IP can be protected and how infringements of third-party rights can be avoided Practical advice on the role of IP in valuing and financing a business Review of the the legal ramifications and pitfalls of failing to properly protect IP Accessible writing style and use of illustrative case studies Author team with vast experience of advising start-ups, and consulting on IP matters in mergers and acquisitions transactions. Legal practitioners and auditing and consulting companies will find this an invaluable resource for avoiding the pitfalls during due diligence. Investors and founders of companies will appreciate the practical information on protecting their IP assets and reducing the risk of legal losses.

The Joint Contracts Tribunal's Standard Form of Building Contract is the most common contract used in the UK to procure building work. Understanding it is a core part of any construction student's degree and a vital part of the working life of professionals in the construction industry. 'The JCT98 Building Contract' works through the contract systematically explaining it in easy-to-follow language, covering all contract issues thoroughly and illustrating with case law examples the current situation and latest amendments. It is ideal reading for both the student of construction and the professional seeking to update their knowledge.

This text reviews and analyzes how all parties to the construction process, from specialist sub-contractors and main contractors, to developers and funders and their respective lawyers, have adapted to the changes in the construction industry. There is advice on claims practice and tactics, how to minimize the finacial risks of pursuing a claim and what the courts or arbitrators expect both parties to have done to resolve the dispute.

First Published in 2000. Where a well-run society should rest on the continuum between public and private control has been the most contentious and thorny issue of legal and social theory throughout the generations. This series sets out to provide answers to this ongoing dispute contained in the five volumes of material assembled. The collection draws from many disciplines, including economics, law, philosophy and political science. Yet they are all directed to a topic that is worthy of examination from multiple perspectives: Liberty, Property and the Law.

Tunnelling is a high risk business. Success depends crucially on the nature of the ground through which the tunnel is being driven. The cost of a thorough site investigation is usually only a small fraction of the cost of the construction work but this crucial phase of a project is often given too low a priority. This text provides a review of tunnelling contracts, particularly those for sewerage and drainage tunnels. It reviews site investigation methods, contract preparation and tender evaluation, tunnel costruction, claims and records, and the post-construction phase. Examples of good and bad practice of site investigation and other aspects of tunnelling are given, and the text is supported by over 500 references. Supplementary information in the second part of the book expands on particular aspects such as ground vibration and noise. Among other topics covered are quality assurance, rock properties and testing, pollution, permeability and dewatering.

"A Handbook of Dispute Resolution" examines the theoretical and practical developments that are transforming the practice of lawyers and other professionals engaged in settling disputes, grievance-handling, and litigation. The book explains what distinguishes alternative dispute resolution (ADR) from other forms of dispute resolution and examines the role ADR can play in the many situations where litigation would once have been the only option, such as family law and company law. In some areas, such as industrial relations, ADR is not an alternative, but the main method of conflict intervention.
In this study, several contributors draw on their experience in negotiating between management and unions. Detailed attention is also given to the wide variety of methods open to the non-litigious, including the use of ombudsmen, negotiation, small-claims courts, and mini-trials.
Because ADR is a new concept, questions about the training of mediators and about the role of central government have not yet been resolved. The final section of the book is devoted to discussion of these issues, with case studies drawn from the international arena -- China, Canada, Australia, Germany, and North America -- to place ADR in a cultural and historical perspective.

With more than 14,000 business schools worldwide, what is included in their curricula matters for how the economy and the corporate system are managed. Business schools should be subject to scholarly inquiries and critical reflection. While many studies of business schools examine its general role in the tertiary education system and in society more broadly, this volume examines how one specific theoretical perspective and a normative model derived therefrom were developed and gradually appropriated within the business school setting. This volume demonstrates that agency theory, based on a daring conjecture that firms can be construed as bundles of contacts, rose to prominence in the business school context. It examines how the elementary proposition of agency theory, that the firm is to be considered theoretically and practically as a "nexus of contracts," was never consistent with corporate law and contract law, and it was empirically unsubstantiated. Business schools are under pressure to teach not only practically useful theories and models, but also theories that are also scientifically qualified. Despite having this ambition, certain theories are widely taught despite failing to live up to such declared ambitions, which means that business schools may be criticized for including theories on ambiguous grounds in the curricula. This book examines how business schools seek to honour the ambition to teach both scientifically verified theories and practically useful concepts and models, and how the tensions derived from this duality may be problematic to handle. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, and advanced students in the fields of management education, organizational studies, and legal theory.

This collection of essays provides a rich and contemporary discussion of the principle of pacta sunt servanda. This principle, which requires that valid agreements are to be honoured, is a cornerstone of contract law. Focusing on contributions from Asia, this book shows that, despite its natural and universal appeal, the pacta sunt servanda principle is neither absolute nor immutable. Exceptions to the binding force of contract must be available in limited circumstances to avoid hardship and unfairness. This book offers readers new comparative perspectives on the appropriate balance between contractual certainty and flexibility in an era of social instability. Expert authors, mostly from East and Southeast Asia, explore when their domestic legal systems allow exceptions from the binding force of contracts. Doctrines discussed include impossibility, frustration, change of circumstance, force majeure, illegality as well as rights of withdrawal. Other chapters consider the importance of the pacta principle in international law. The challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic feature strongly in the majority of contributions.

In today's highly globalized and regulated economy, private and public organizations face myriad complex laws and regulations. A process designed to detect and prevent regulatory compliance failures is vital. However, such an effective process cannot succeed without development and maintenance of a strong compliance and legal risk management culture. This wide-ranging handbook pulls together work from experts across universities and industries around the world in a variety of key disciplines such as law, management, and business ethics. It provides an all-inclusive resource, specifying what needs to be known and what needs to be further pursued in these developing areas. With no such single text currently available, the book fills a gap in our current understanding of legal risk management, regulatory compliance, and ethics, offering the potential to advance research efforts and enhance our approaches to effective legal risk management practices. Edited by an expert on legal risk management, this book is an essential reference for students, researchers, and professionals with an interest in business law, risk management, strategic management, and business ethics.

'The incorporation of Chinese law is particularly interesting for Chinese legal researchers and even for the Chinese legislator considering the dramatic ongoing codification movement taking place within Chinese civil law, because one of the essential values of comparative law is to find alternative solutions to one's own legal system.' - Jiayou Shi, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China 'Professor Kadner Graziano's book on comparative contract law is an invaluable source of inspiration to both study and teach contract law in a transnational perspective. His cases highlight the expected and sometimes less expected differences and similarities between the key jurisdictions in Europe and allow the reader to gain a concrete understanding of the various systems put in play. I cherish this book this book for my course on transnational contract law and highly recommend it to anyone who is interested in this stimulating field of study.' - Andre Prum, University of Luxembourg Promoting a 'learning-by-doing' approach to comparative contract law and comparative methodology, this second edition of Comparative Contract Law updates the first true student reader on the subject. It brings together extracts from legislation and court practice in a way that lets students experience comparative law in action, presenting a unique guide to European and International contract law. This updated second edition provides: an international perspective on highly topical, real-life issues of contract law materials from some 30 jurisdictions in both their original languages, and in excellent translations the chance for students to solve scenarios according to the laws of different jurisdictions and compare and evaluate the solutions and approaches they identify the opportunity for students to engage with a broad array of case material and to develop their skills as comparative lawyers. Essential reading for all students, practitioners, and scholars of comparative contract law and methodology, this second edition remains a vital practical guide for those seeking to familiarise themselves with real-world materials and to better understand the diverse approaches to modern contract law.

Ideas are the fuel of industry and the entertainment business. Likewise, manufacturers receive suggestions for new products or improvements to existing products, and retailers frequently receive ideas for new marketing campaigns. Many ideas are not new and may be used by anyone without the risk of incurring any legal liability, but some ideas are novel and valuable. If the originator of a potentially useful idea does not have the financial resources to exploit the idea, he or she may submit it to another, with the expectation of receiving compensation if the idea is used. Although an extensive body of intellectual property law exists to protect the rights of inventors, authors, and businesses that own valuable brands or confidential proprietary information, raw ideas receive no protection. Nevertheless, the originator of a potentially useful and marketable idea is not without legal recourse. The courts have developed, through a long line of common law precedents, legal protection for novel and concrete ideas under certain circumstances. The originator of an idea can rely on contract law, whereby the recipient may expressly or impliedly agree to pay for the idea. Alternatively, if the idea is disclosed in confidence, its unauthorized use by the recipient allows the originator of the idea to recover compensation. Finally, some courts have treated the ownership of ideas as quasi-property rights.

There is an urgent need to better understand the legal issues pertaining to alternative dispute resolution (ADR), particularly in relation to mediation clauses. Despite the promotion of mediation by dispute resolution providers, policy makers, and judges, use of mediation remains low. In particular, problems arise when parties lack certainty regarding the legal effect of a mediation clause, and the potential uncertainty regarding the binding nature of agreements to pursue mediation is problematic and threatens the growth of ADR. This book closely examines the importance and complexity of mediation clauses in commercial contracts to remedy this persistent uncertainty. Using comparative law methods and detailed empirical research, it explores the creation of a comprehensive framework for the mediation clause. Providing valuable insight into the process of ADR and mediation, this book will be of interest to academics, law makers, law students, in-house council, lawyers, as well as parties interesting in drafting enforceable mediation clauses.

The Complete A-Z of Contract Clauses Pack contains the following 2 volumes: Contract and Copyright Drafting Skills (9781780438238) and The A-Z of Contract Clauses, 7th edition + online (9781526512154). Contract and Copyright Drafting Skills (9781780438238) Contract and Copyright Drafting Skills gives guidance on the variety of techniques that can be used including the significance of the purpose of the agreement and the focus of the outcome. In addition it covers definitions which are an important aspect of contract drafting, especially as the differences in the words used can be significant, as well as covering general background factors that can be considered, eg research of business of parties; pre-existing contracts; trade practices; government and corporate policies, codes and guidance; the benefits derived from looking at real life business scenarios and companies already operating in that field and new innovations for the future. The A-Z of Contract Clauses, 7th edition + online (9781526512154) Thousands of clauses ready for you to use and adapt - Save time and effort when creating a new licence, option, assignment or agreement for services for a contributor; drafting heads of agreements; amending a contract a third party has sent you; or updating and amending your existing in house contracts. Organised clearly by subject area, each main clause heading is further broken down across types of use such as film and television, general business and commercial, internet, websites, merchandising, publishing, services, and educational. Clauses are drafted from different angles and also some are more innovative. The A-Z of Contract Clauses also includes a legal, commercial and business directory, which can be used to further develop your knowledge of the subject and find new contacts.

Provides a comprehensive list of the reference material that needs to be considered for more than 15 jurisdictions within this geographical region. Each jurisdiction chapter is written by a well-known practitioner experienced in the application of FIDIC contracts in the specific jurisdiction. The material is closely aligned with FIDIC publications and provides practical guidance on the application of FIDIC's recent second editions which is not available elsewhere.

Understanding Contract Law provides an accessible, in-depth analysis of the purpose of contracting and the role of the law of contract, as well as theories that inform it. Assessing the historical development of this cornerstone of law, the book provides detailed analysis of some of the leading theoretical explanations, and how they are applied in jurisdictions throughout the world. With a new chapter examining the impact of globalization on contract law, this new edition also includes recent behavioural research around responses to contract breach. The book's accessibility is enhanced by text boxes defining key concepts and terms, and biographical notes of leading figures and scholars. This ensures that readers are able to gain a clear understanding of the narratives and theories explained in the book, and to appreciate how contract law has evolved. Uniquely, the book is not limited to one jurisdiction, making this an essential text for students wishing to expand their knowledge of this fundamental area of law around the world.

Internet of Things and the Law: Legal Strategies for Consumer-Centric Smart Technologies is the most comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the legal issues in the Internet of Things (IoT). For decades, the decreasing importance of tangible wealth and power - and the increasing significance of their disembodied counterparts - has been the subject of much legal research. For some time now, legal scholars have grappled with how laws drafted for tangible property and predigital 'offline' technologies can cope with dematerialisation, digitalisation, and the internet. As dematerialisation continues, this book aims to illuminate the opposite movement: rematerialisation, namely, the return of data, knowledge, and power within a physical 'smart' world. This development frames the book's central question: can the law steer rematerialisation in a human-centric and socially just direction? To answer it, the book focuses on the IoT, the sociotechnological phenomenon that is primarily responsible for this shift. After a thorough analysis of how existing laws can be interpreted to empower IoT end users, Noto La Diega leaves us with the fundamental question of what happens when the law fails us and concludes with a call for collective resistance against 'smart' capitalism.

The widespread understanding of auction structure considers auction as consisting of three contracts: contract between the seller and the auctioneer, contract between the auctioneer and the buyer and the sale contract between the seller and the buyer. The book challenges this concept, arguing that the traditional tripartite concept of auction is too narrow and does not correspond to the actual structure of auction relations. Demonstrating that an auction structure consists of a plethora of legal relationships, including noncontractual relations, this book explores the legal concept of auction sale and the structure of accompanying relations. The book provides a historical overview of auctions and different auction models. Following a brief introduction to the economic theory, auction models are examined against the following legal criteria: price formation, publicity, parties' autonomy, legal form and applied technology to find a legal concept and nature of auction. The book explores the legal position of key auction figures and auction objects to identify the categories of legal relations that appear at auction. It explores the legal nature of the main contract, as well as the relations between the consignor and the auctioneer, the auctioneer and the bidders, the bidders themselves, the consignor and the bidders. The book covers relations arising from droit de suite, financial and bidding agreements to provide a comprehensive overview of lesserknown legal relations that commonly arise in auction practice.

Provides construction industry professionals with a practical and detailed guide to the NEC4 contract The NEC contract takes a collaborative, project management based approach to construction projects, which is very different to the other standard forms of construction contract. This new edition of the book covers all changes in the 4th Edition of the Engineering and Construction Contract, issued in June 2017, and will provide practical guidance to help users transitioning from NEC3 to NEC4. Inside A Practical Guide to the NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract, readers will find chapters on the background of the NECECC; contract data and other documents; the'spirit of mutual trust'; all of the individuals involved in the process (eg: project managers, clients, supervisors, subcontractors, etc.); communication issues, early warnings and other matters; quality management; titles; dealing with timing; payment processes; cost components; compensation procedures and assessments; dealing with terminations; dispute resolution; completing the contract and more. A practical guide to the application of the procedures contained in the newly issued NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract Provides detailed guidance on the use of the agreement, which is claimed to offer increased flexibility, improved clarity and greater ease of use Written specifically for people actually using and administering the NEC contracts Features 3 appendixes covering tables of clause numbers, case law and statutes; employer's, project manager's, supervisor's, contractor's and adjudicator's actions; and communication forms and their uses. First launched in 1993, the NEC has become one of the UK's leading standard forms of contract for major construction and civil engineering projects, making A Practical Guide to the NEC4 Engineering and Construction Contract a must-have resource for any contractor using the latest version of this contract.

Maximise your marks for every answer you write with Law Express Question and Answer. This series is designed to help you understand what examiners are looking for, focus on the question being asked and make your answers stand out. See how an expert crafts answers to up to 50 questions on Contract Law. Discover how and why different elements of the answer relate to the question in accompanying Guidance. Plan answers quickly and effectively using Answer plans and Diagram plans. Gain higher marks with tips for advanced thinking in Make your answer stand out. Avoid common pitfalls with Don't be tempted to. Compare your responses using the Try it yourself answer guidance on the companion website. Practice answering questions and discover additional resources to support you in preparing for exams on the Companion website.