Studies in the Contract Laws of Asia provides an authoritative account of the contract law regimes of selected Asian jurisdictions, including the major centres of commerce where limited critical commentaries have been published in the English language. Each volume in the series aims to offer an insider's perspective into specific areas of contract law - remedies, formation, parties, contents, vitiating factors, change of circumstances, illegality, and public policy - and explores how these diverse jurisdictions address common problems encountered in contractual disputes. A concluding chapter draws out the convergences and divergences, and other themes. All the Asian jurisdictions examined have inherited or adopted the common law or civil law models of European legal systems. Scholars of legal transplant will find a mine of information on how received law has developed after the initial adaptation and transplant process, including the mechanisms of and influences affecting these developments. At the same time, many points of convergence emerge. These provide good starting points for regional harmonization projects. Volume IV of Studies in the Contract Laws of Asia deals with factors affecting the validity of contracts (mistake, fraud, misrepresentation, coercion, and unfair exploitation) in the laws of China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.Typically, each jurisdiction is covered in two chapters; the first deals with erroneous beliefs, while the second deals with reprehensible conduct of one of the contracting parties.

The law enables private parties to undo the wrongs committed against them, allowing victims to seek redress. A distinctive kind of justice governs our legal rights of redress, different from the leading corrective justice approaches. Through analysis of this key idea, The Right of Redress helps to make sense of tort, contract, fiduciary law, and unjust enrichment doctrine. When a wrong is remedied, the authorship of that remedy matters. The justice in private law is sensitive to a right holder's authorship, and understanding how solves a number of legal theory puzzles. Many forms of redress are only available with state assistance, and a full account of private law requires an account of the state's responsibility to assist. It also requires an explanation of those cases in which the state declines to assist. Prior accounts have drawn on Kantian principles or a Lockean social contract theory, where The Right of Redress, drawing on public fiduciary theory, develops a distinctive account of the state's role. This book offers a new take on various modern features of the private law landscape, ranging from equity, to damage caps, to arbitration, to corporate claims, to class actions. The Right of Redress thus offers a pathbreaking account of the justice in private law, the political theory that underlies it, and the contemporary features that shape our rights of redress today.

Smart Legal Contracts: Computable Law in Theory and Practice is a landmark investigation into one of the most important trends at the interface of law and technology: the effort to harness emerging digital technologies to change the way that parties form and perform contracts. While developments in distributed ledger technology have brought the topic of 'smart contracts' into the mainstream of legal attention, this volume takes a broader approach to ask how computers can be used in the contracting process. This book assesses how contractual promises are expressed in software and how code-based artefacts can be incorporated within more conventional legal structures. With incisive contributions from members of the judiciary, legal scholars, practitioners, and computer scientists, this book sets out to frame the borders of an emerging area of law and start a more productive dialogue between the various disciplines involved in the evolution of contracts as software. It provides the first step towards a more disciplined approach to computational contracts that avoids the techno-legal ambiguities of 'smart contracts' and reveals an emerging taxonomy of approaches to encoding contracts in whole or in part. Conceived and written during a time when major legal systems began to engage with the advent of contracts in computable form, and aimed at a fundamental level of enquiry, this collection will provide essential insight into future trends and will provide a point of orientation for future scholarship and innovation.

This text argues that private contracts would allow for more and genuine consumer choice, based on real differences between competing health plans in content, mixture and cost of services. It further argues that contracts would establish set standards and obligations for all parties.

This new work contains the most current analysis of the English law of contract. Contract Law in Practice enables easy access to the essence of judgements, and includes clear explanations of the law, especially where the law is unsatisfactory, undecided, or lacks certainty. Written by Neil Andrews-an experienced author-this highly valuable book is essential for all commercial lawyers and anyone interested in this fundamental area of the law. With precise links to cases and important passages of the leading judgements, the analysis is founded in the words of the judgments themselves, enabling clear interpretation of their impact on the shape of the law and easy access to judicial discussion. The coverage is comprehensive, and emphasis is made upon interpreting and elucidating difficult or undecided topics. Substantial references to further reading throughout enable easy research for the reader. The author identifies six key principles of contract law: freedom of contract; objectivity; the contractual bond principle; estoppel; good faith and fair dealing; and the compensation principle. These principles support the analytical rigour of Contract Law in Practice and provide the framework in which the author clarifies difficult aspects of the law.

This title explores the normative foundations of European contract law. It addresses fundamental political questions on contract law in Europe from the perspective of leading contemporary political theories. Does the law of contract need a democratic basis? To what extent should it be Europeanised? What justifies the binding force of contract and the main remedies for breach? When should weaker parties be protected? Should market transactions be considered legally void when they are immoral? Which rules of contract law should the parties be free to opt out of? Adopting a critical lens, this book interrogates utilitarian, liberal-egalitarian, libertarian, communitarian, civic republican, and discourse-theoretical political philosophies and analyses the answers they provide to these questions. It also situates these theoretical debates within the context of the political landscape of European contract law and the divergent views expressed by lawmakers, legal academics, and other stakeholders. This work moves beyond the acquis positivism, market reductionism, and private law essentialism that tend to dominate these conversations and foregrounds normative complexity. It explores the principles and values behind various arguments used in the debates on European contract law and its future to highlight the normative stakes involved in the practical question of what we, as a society, should do about contract law in Europe. In so doing, it opens up democratic space for the consideration of alternative futures for contract law in the European Union, and for better justifications for those parts of the EU contract law acquis we wish to retain.

Ambush marketing is any attempt to create an unauthorised or false association with an event thereby interfering with the legitimate contractual rights of the event's official marketing partners. Looking at both traditional intellectual property rights (such as trade marks, copyright, and designs) as they relate to sporting events, and event-specific legislation (such as that of the Olympics and Commonwealth Games), this book gives comprehensive and detailed coverage of ambush marketing. Also considered are the areas of law which can be used to prevent ambush marketing by intrusion (such as laws to prevent fly postering, street trading, the placing of posters and billboards, and control of aerial space). The book addresses the law in the United Kingdom and the EU in detail, and provides substantial coverage of the laws in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States. This new edition addresses the recent Birmingham Commonwealth Games Act 2020 as well as the major changes to the law in Australia with three new laws governing major events and Canada with its major overhaul of trade mark, design, and copyright law.

Well-selected and authoritative, Hart Core Statutes provide the key materials needed by students in a format that is clear, compact and very easy to use. They are ideal for use in exams.

The Internet sales market is growing exponentially, but from a legal perspective, Internet commerce is a subject area with many special features. Some important questions of law have yet to be clarified. This volume presents the structures and frameworks of the relevant regulations illustrated with practical suggestions and testing schemes for applying them in everyday practice.

The Oxford Handbook of Fiduciary Law provides a comprehensive overview of critical topics in fiduciary law and theory through chapters authored by leading scholars. The Handbook opens with surveys of the many fields of law in which fiduciary duties arise, including agency law, trust law, corporate law, pension law, bankruptcy law, family law, employment law, legal representation, health care, and international law. Drawing on these surveys, the Handbook offers a synthetic analysis of fiduciary law's key concepts and principles. Chapters in the Handbook explore the defining features of fiduciary relationships, clarify the distinctive fiduciary duties that arise in these relationships, and identify the remedies available for breach of fiduciary duties. The volume also provides numerous comparative perspectives on fiduciary law from eminent legal historians and from scholars with deep expertise in a diverse array of the world's legal systems. Finally, the Handbook lays the groundwork for future research on fiduciary law and theory by highlighting cross-cutting themes, identifying persistent theoretical and practical challenges, and exploring how the field could be enriched through empirical analysis and interdisciplinary insights from economics, philosophy, and psychology. Unparalleled in its breadth and depth of coverage, The Oxford Handbook of Fiduciary Law represents an invaluable resource for practitioners, policymakers, scholars, and students in this essential field of law.

Written by a leading contract lawyer with extensive teaching experience, Contract Law takes a unique approach to a complex subject. Chen-Wishart combines academic rigour with an innovative visual approach, presenting the law with diagrams, flowcharts and tables to provide students with a stimulating account of key principles and an engaging analysis of the complexities of contract law. Thought-provoking analytical features, such as the 'Pause for reflection' and 'Counterpoint' boxes, encourage active and critical engagement with the topics. Digital formats and resources The seventh edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources. * The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks * The online resources include: animated diagrams; chapters in essence; guidance on answering the questions in the book; bi-annual updates on the latest key developments in contract law; and self-test questions on key topics, with feedback, providing an opportunity for students to test and consolidate their learning.

The third edition of The Principles of the Law of Restitution brings this widely cited and influential volume fully up to date. It has been substantially rewritten to reflect the significant changes in the law of restitution and the expansion in the theoretical and critical commentary on the subject. Following important decisions of the Supreme Court and other courts, large-scale changes have been made to the chapters on enrichment, at the expense of the claimant, mistake, claims against public authorities, and change of position. Additionally, this edition contains a new chapter on the operation of juridical bars on restitutionary claims. References to developments in other jurisdictions have been expanded for this edition, reflecting the significance of these changes and how they assist in the interpretation of English law and provide a basis for criticising that law. Further, in the light of leading cases and the contributions of restitutionary scholars around the world, the author's views on specific controversial debates about the ambit, function, and interpretation of the subject have changed, sometimes radically. One significant aspect of the book remains unchanged: the book continues to focus on the identification and analysis of the principles which underpin the law of restitution as a whole, but with reference to its three distinct parts: unjust enrichment, restitution for wrongs, and the vindication of property rights. This approach provides the reader with a peerless guide to the law of restitution.

The law enables private parties to undo the wrongs committed against them, allowing victims to seek redress. A distinctive kind of justice governs our legal rights of redress, different from the leading corrective justice approaches. Through analysis of this key idea, The Right of Redress helps to make sense of tort, contract, fiduciary law, and unjust enrichment doctrine. When a wrong is remedied, the authorship of that remedy matters. The justice in private law is sensitive to a right holder's authorship, and understanding how solves a number of legal theory puzzles. Many forms of redress are only available with state assistance, and a full account of private law requires an account of the state's responsibility to assist. It also requires an explanation of those cases in which the state declines to assist. Prior accounts have drawn on Kantian principles or a Lockean social contract theory, where The Right of Redress, drawing on public fiduciary theory, develops a distinctive account of the state's role. This book offers a new take on various modern features of the private law landscape, ranging from equity, to damage caps, to arbitration, to corporate claims, to class actions. The Right of Redress thus offers a pathbreaking account of the justice in private law, the political theory that underlies it, and the contemporary features that shape our rights of redress today.

This book offers a contractual framework for the regulation of party autonomy in choice of law. The party autonomy rule is the cornerstone of any modern system of choice of law; embodying as it does the freedom enjoyed by parties to a cross-border legal relationship to agree on the law applicable to it. However, as this study shows, the rule has a major shortcoming because it fails to give due regard to the contractual function of the choice of law agreement. The study examines the existing law on choice of law agreements, by reference to the law of both common and civil law jurisdictions and international instruments. Moreover, it suggests a new coherent approach to party autonomy that integrates both the law of contract and choice of law. This important new study should be read with interest by private international law scholars.

The practical importance of intangible personalty such as debt, bonds, equities, futures, derivatives and other financial instruments has never been greater than it is today. The same may be said of interests in intellectual property. Yet the assignment of these intangible assets from one to another remains difficult to understand. Assignments are often taken to operate as a form of transfer akin to conveyances of legal titles to tangible personalty. However, this conception does not accurately reflect the law of assignment as it has developed in the caselaw in England and Wales. This book sets out a different model of the workings of assignments as a matter of English law, one that provides an analytical, yet historically sensitive, framework which allows us to better understand how, and why, assignments work in the way the cases tell us they do.

There is a wealth of material that shapes the law of State responsibility for breaches of investment contracts. First impressions of an unsettled or uncertain law have thus far gone unchallenged. But unchallenged first impressions point to the need for a detailed study that investigates and analyses the sources, the content, the characteristics, and the evolution of this law. The argument at the heart of this monograph is that the law of state responsibility for breaches of investment contracts has carved a unique and distinct trajectory from the traditional route for the creation of international law, developing principally from arbitral awards, and mimicking, to a considerable extent, the general international law on the protection of aliens and alien property. This book unveils the remarkable journey of the law of state responsibility for breaches of investment contracts, from its origins, to its formation, to its arrival at the cusp of maturity.

The Rome I Regulation applies to all EU Member States (except Denmark) in relation to 'contractual obligations in civil and commercial matters' in 'situations involving a conflict of laws' that arise out of contracts concluded from 17 December 2009. The Rome I Regulation has been described by the European Commission as 'a central element of the Community acquis in the area of civil justice'. This book is the most comprehensive work on the development of the Rome I Regulation that studies in detail the historical background, the legislative development and the teleological purpose of the Regulation. Beginning with the work that led up to the 1972 Draft Convention and the much neglected original French rapporteur's commentary, the author traces developments in the text through the 1980 Convention, highlights the legislative developments that began with the 2003 Green Paper, the Commission's 2005 Proposal and the subsequent negotiations that took place in the European Council and European Parliament that led to the final text of the Rome I Regulation itself. Particular emphasis is placed on highlighting the legislative intent reflected in the changes to the text of the draft Regulation that were made by the Civil Law Committee (Rome I) of the Council. The book marks out the borderline between the Rome I and Rome II Regulations, and considers in detail the application of the conflict-of-law rules in the Rome I Regulation to the specifically protected contracts such as consumer, insurance, carriage of passengers and individual employment contracts. It provides a primary source of reference for all readers involved in the practical interpretation of the Rome I Regulation, or who are interested in choice of law issues arising in international commercial contractual disputes.

This is the second edition of the leading authority on the law of proprietary estoppel, which has been cited by courts across the common law world. It is a comprehensive and practically structured resource which offers guidance on managing proprietary estoppel cases. Relevant authorities are set out in a clear and accessible way, helping readers to make sense of a complex and rapidly developing area of law. Recent case-law discussed in the second edition, from England but also with updated reference to other common law jurisdictions, including new decisions of the top courts in each of Australia, Canada, and Singapore. Proprietary estoppel has come to particular prominence in recent years: it is frequently pleaded by litigants wishing to show that they have informally acquired an interest in land. As a result of its vigorous development by the courts, there is no comprehensive and uncontroversial definition of the doctrine. There is also much debate as to the relationship between proprietary estoppel and other doctrines, such as constructive trusts and unjust enrichment. A problem faced by anyone seeking to make, or respond to, a proprietary estoppel claim is that the law is to be found almost entirely in cases. This new edition of The Law of Proprietary Estoppel sets out a clear structure with which to understand the law and thus assists practitioners, academics, and others in navigating their way through the complex case-law on proprietary estoppel, and also in understanding its relationship with related doctrines, particularly other forms of estoppel. It has been fully updated with analysis of key recent cases in the farming and family context (eg Davies v Davies [2016] EWCA Civ 463, Moore v Moore [2018] EWCA Civ 2669, Habberfield v Habberfield [2019] EWCA Civ 890 and Guest v Guest [2020] EWCA Civ 387) and in the commercial context (eg Hoyl Group Ltd v Cromer Town Council [2015] EWCA Civ 782 and Farrar v Miller [2018] EWCA Civ 172), considering issues such as the requirements of a proprietary estoppel claim, the role of formalities, and the satisfaction of an estoppel equity.

It is widely acknowledged that insurance has a major impact on the operation of tort and contract law regimes in practice, yet there is little sustained analysis of their interaction. The majority of academic private lawyers have little knowledge of insurance law in its own right, and the amount of discussion directed to insurance in private law theory is disproportionately small in relation to its practical importance. Filling this substantial gap in the literature, this book explores the multiple influences of insurance in the law of obligations, and the nature and impact of insurance law as an inherent and significant aspect of private law. It combines conceptual and doctrinal analysis, informing the theoretical discussion of the nature of private law, including the role of judicial and public purpose, and the place of formalism and of contextualism in normative theories of private law.
Arguing for the wider recognition of the multiple impacts of insurance, the book claims that recognition of the presence of insurance necessarily marks a departure from the two-party framework sometimes described as definitive of private law. The structured exploration and interpretation of the contemporary role of insurance in the law of obligations, and of its implications, illuminates this under-explored area of private law, and equips the reader for further enquiry and debate.

This book provides a user-friendly and practical guide to compliance and adjudication under the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996. Timed to coincide with both the 10th anniversary of the Act coming into force (1 May 2008), and the culmination of its review by parliament, the work will provide an up-to-date compendium of case law and useful materials which will be valuable to the construction industry, legal practitioners, and students.
The book provides a comprehensive and practical coverage both of the adjudication and payment provisions of the act. It is set out in an accessible format dealing in turn with each of the major sections of the Act, and with a separate section of case summaries.
The book will cover the large number of cases and developments since 2001, including the outcome of the 2007 Construction Act Review. It will include the authors' commentary alongside extracts from cases which are often including in drafting the Referral, Response or Reply or any challenge to enforcement in the Courts. It will have the relevant excerpts in one place means that consideration for factual relevance and inclusion in submitted documents will be a quick and easy process.
This title provides an indispensable review of the statutory framework and the judicial guidance over the last decade and is an excellent resource for construction lawyers and industry professionals.

This book introduces the reader to a number of ideas and issues that underlie the English law of contract-an area of law that is often regarded as forbiddingly dry and technical but which is here made easy to understand and full of interest. Taking as its starting point the role contract law plays in helping markets to operate, the book explains how contract law regulates the commercial risks people take, while at the same time placing limits on what may be bought and sold, and ensuring that contractual powers are not unacceptably abused. A final chapter discusses how contract law can be used to make gifts of binding promises to other people. The book provides a rigorous and stimulating journey through the ideas underpinning contract law and is essential reading for anyone with an interest in the subject. 'Clearly written and bursting with interesting and novel ideas, this lively book will be a great resource for anyone interested in Contract Law.' Paul S Davies, Professor of Commercial Law, University College London

This book examines the rise of the direct-to-consumer genetic testing industry (DTC) and its use of 'wrap' contracts. It uses the example of DTC to show the challenges that disruptive technologies pose for societies and for regulation. It also uses the wrap contracts of DTC companies to explore broader issues with online contracting.