Here is a comprehensive review of the ecology of freshwater bivalves and gastropods worldwide. Robert Dillon discusses the ecology of these species in its broadest sense, including diet, habitat, and reproductive biology to emphasize the tremendous diversity of these freshwater invertebrates. He develops a new life history model that unifies them and reviews their population and community ecology, treating competition, predation, parasitism, and biogeography. Extensively referenced and synthesizing work from the nineteenth century through to the present day, this book includes original analyses that unify previous work into a coherent whole.

Chrysophytes are beautiful and delicate organisms living mostly in freshwater. They are pivotal for studies of protistan evolution, studies of food web dynamics in oligotrophic freshwater ecosystems, and for assessment of environmental degradation resulting from eutrophication and acid rain. They also represent excellent model cellular systems for studying processes inherent in basic metabolism, biomineralization, endo- and exocytosis and macro-assembly of cell surface layers. This book gives a broad overview of chrysophytes and contains chapters by leading experts organized under the themes of phylogeny, systematics and evolution; development, physiology, and nutrition; and ecology, paleoecology, and reproduction. The book contains major contributions towards a reorganization of chrysophyte systematics, plus comprehensive reviews of chrysophyte basic metabolism, biomineralization and siliceous scale deposition, ecology, paleoecology, and a history of chrysophyte research. Contributors present reviews of the literature in their particular area and also present ideas for future research.

Need-to-know information on the classification and identification of aquatic invertebrates

This Fourth Edition of the standard reference used by generations of professionals and students is the source for authoritative information on the natural history, ecology, and taxonomy of free-living American freshwater invertebrates. Completely revised and updated, this professional field guide features a wealth of new knowledge on invertebrate animal phyla covered in the previous edition as well as fully modified sections on the preparation of materials.

Other important features of Pennak’s Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States, Fourth Edition include:

• Current taxonomical arrangements of all freshwater invertebrate animals, excluding insects
• Improved graphical treatments and keys to identification, several provided by specialists
• Photographs and color plates to aid identification
• More than 300 line drawings, many new to this edition
• Taxonomic keys carried uniformly to genus level in all but two phyla, with frequent references to species

Pennak’s Freshwater Invertebrates of the United States, Fourth Edition is an indispensable resource for biologists, ecologists, graduate students, and anyone who needs to acquire the thorough knowledge of aquatic invertebrates that is essential to understanding the community structure of freshwater environments.

The first comprehensive monograph on periphyton, this book contains contributions by scientists from around the globe. Multi-disciplinary in nature, it covers both basic and applied aspects of periphyton, and is applicable worldwide in natural, extensive and intensive managed systems. Periphyton, as described in this book, refers to the entire complex of attached aquatic biota on submerged substrates, including associated non-attached organisms and detritus. Thus the periphyton community comprises bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, zooplankton and other invertebrates. Periphyton is important for various reasons: as a major contributor to carbon fixation and nutrient cycling in aquatic ecosystems; as an important source of food in aquatic systems; as an indicator of environmental change. It can also be managed to improve water quality in lakes and reservoirs; it can greatly increase aquaculture production; it can be used in waste water treatment. The book provides an international review of periphyton ecology, exploitation and management. The ecology part focuses on periphyton structure and function in natural systems. The exploitation part covers its nutritive qualities and utilization by organisms, particularly in aquaculture. The final part considers the use of periphyton for increasing aquatic production and its effects on water quality and animal health in culture systems. This book will help scientists and entrepreneurs further understand the ecology and production of aquatic systems and venture into new and promising areas.

This practical manual of freshwater ecology and conservation provides a state-of-the-art review of the approaches and techniques used to measure, monitor, and conserve freshwater ecosystems. It offers a single, comprehensive, and accessible synthesis of the vast amount of literature for freshwater ecology and conservation that is currently dispersed in manuals, toolkits, journals, handbooks, 'grey' literature, and websites. Successful conservation outcomes are ultimately built on a sound ecological framework in which every species must be assessed and understood at the individual, community, catchment and landscape level of interaction. For example, freshwater ecologists need to understand hydrochemical storages and fluxes, the physical systems influencing freshwaters at the catchment and landscape scale, and the spatial and temporal processes that maintain species assemblages and their dynamics. A thorough understanding of all these varied processes, and the techniques for studying them, is essential for the effective conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems.

Wetland and Stream Rapid Assessments: Development, Validation, and Application describes the scientific and environmental policy background for rapid wetland and stream assessments, how such assessment methods are developed and statistically verified, and how they can be used in environmental decision-making-including wetland and stream permitting. In addition, it provides several case studies of method development and use in various parts of the world. Readers will find guidance on developing and testing such methods, along with examples of how these methods have been used in various programs across North America. Rapid wetland and stream functional assessments are becoming frequently used methods in federal, state and local environmental permitting programs in North America. Many governments are interested in developing new methods or improving existing methods for their own jurisdictions. This book provides an ideal guide to these initiatives.

A derivative of the Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, River Ecosystem Ecology reviews the function of rivers and streams as ecosystems as well as the varied activities and interactions that occur among their abiotic and biotic components. Because the articles are drawn from an encyclopedia, the articles are easily accessible to interested members of the public, such as conservationists and environmental decision makers.

A derivative of the Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, Biogeochemistry of Inland Waters examines the transformation, flux and cycling of chemical compounds in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, combining aspects of biology, ecology, geology, and chemistry. Because the articles are drawn from an encyclopedia, they are easily accessible to interested members of the public, such as conservationists and environmental decision makers.

"Stream Ecosystems in a Changing Environment" synthesizes current understanding in stream ecosystem ecology, emphasizing nutrient cycling and carbon dynamics, and provides a forward-looking perspective regarding the response of stream ecosystems to environmental change. Stream ecosystem ecology has undergone major advances in the past decade following a series of high-profile and innovative research initiatives focusing on nutrient cycling and metabolism. Each chapter includes a section focusing on anticipated and ongoing dynamics in stream ecosystems in a changing environment, and hypotheses regarding controls on stream ecosystem functioning. These innovative sections provide a bridge between papers published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, and researchers development of new ideas areas of study.
Provides a synthesis of the latest findings on stream ecosystems ecology in one volumeIncludes thought exercises and discussion activities throughout, providing valuable tools for learningOffers conceptual models and hypotheses to stimulate conversation and serve to advance research"

Marine and freshwater systems are being placed under pressure like never before. A bigger and more demanding human population has meant increased utilisation of aquatic systems and, as such, the need for sustainable solutions to allow the development and conservation of these systems has become an international priority. In order to understand the limits of exploitation, an understanding is needed of the ecological principles that constrain levels of productivity and the systems' responses to exploitation pressure. This timely book explores current exploitation practices, and the ecological basis and consequences of that exploitation. From a consideration of the ecological effects of the extraction of non-living resources, including energy and water itself, it progresses to the biology and ecology of aquatic organisms, and how these underpin the harvesting for aquatic resources. A discussion of the ecological consequences for the system of its use as a means of transport and as a repository for wastes follows, along with the increasing importance of aquatic systems for human recreational pursuits. Finally, effective management strategies for natural hazards, the provision of ecological goods and services, and restoration of aquatic systems are considered, as well as the importance of ecological science in exploitation management. The role of science in providing an understanding of the effects of human intervention in aquatic systems is emphasised throughout, along with a consideration of the role of ecology in the sustainable management of the consequences of human activity. Online Resource Centre The Online Resource Centre to accompany Ecology of Aquatic Management features: For students: * Library of web links, giving students quick access to a range of additional resources * Topical updates - surveys of key developments in the field For lecturers: * Figures

A floodplain is a flat or nearly flat land adjacent to a stream or river that experiences occasional or periodic flooding. It includes the floodway, which consists of the stream channel and adjacent areas that carry flood flows, and the flood fringe, which are areas covered by the flood, but which do not experience a strong current. This book reviews and presents research in the study of floodplains from across the globe including water and people in the Yaere Floodplain in North Cameroon, the turbidity behaviour in the Amazon floodplains, evaluating the potential and performance of New Urbanism for reducing flood risks.

Freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) are comprised of algae that either create health hazards for humans or animals through the production of toxins or bioactive compounds or that cause deterioration of water quality through the build-up of high biomass, which degrades aesthetic, ecological, and recreational values. While freshwater HABs occur naturally, human actions that disturb ecosystems in the form of increased nutrient loadings and pollution, modified hydrology, and introduced species have been linked to the increased occurrence of some freshwater HABs. The majority of the freshwater HAB problems reported in the United States and world-wide are due to one group of algae, the cyanobacteria HABs (CyanoHABs), but other groups of algae can also be harmful. CyanoHABs are not a new phenomenon, but the frequency and geographic distribution of documented CyanoHABs seem to have dramatically increased in recent decades in the United States and globally. This book describes the broad range of negative impacts that freshwater HAB toxins have on humans, animals and aquatic ecosystems and actions that must be taken to resolve this issue. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

Evidence now suggests that the roles of essential fatty acids as growth promoters and as indices of health and nutrition are fundamentally similar in freshwater and marine ecosystems. Lipids in Aquatic Ecosystems integrates this divergent literature into a coordinated, digestible form.

Chapters are organized so as to discuss and synthesize the flow of lipids from lower to higher trophic levels, up to and including humans. Linkages between the production, distribution and pathways of these essential compounds within the various levels of the aquatic food webs, and their ultimate uptake by humans and other terrestrial organisms, are highlighted throughout the book. This book will be of interest to researchers and resource managers working with aquatic ecosystems.

Religion and the Culture of Print in Modern America explores how a variety of print media - religious tracts, newsletters, cartoons, pamphlets, self-help books, mass-market paperbacks, and editions of the Bible from the King James Version to contemporary Bible-zines - have shaped and been shaped by experiences of faith since the Civil War. Edited by Charles L. Cohen and Paul S. Boyer, whose comprehensive historical essays provide a broad overview to the topic, this book is the first on the history of religious print culture in modern America and a well-timed entry into the increasingly prominent contemporary debate over the role of religion in American public life.

Great Lakes Journey is a follow-up to William Ashworth's earlier book ""The Late, Great Lakes"", published in 1986. Fifteen years after his first trip, Ashworth journeys to many of the same places and talks to many of the same people to examine the changes that have taken place along the Great Lakes since the 1980s. It is a poetic account of his 6000-mile trip, mixed with explanations of the scientific and poilitical realities behind the observed changes, reminiscences of his 1983 trip, and conversations with local residents - some of them scientists, and other simply people who care. Through personal observations, research and numerous interviews with scientists, activists and government agencies, Ashworth creates a detailed picture of the status of the Great Lakes at the end of the 20th century. Among the most prominent changes he finds are the arrival of the zebra mussel and other exotic species, the rise and fall of the RAP process for pollution cleanup, a growing public mistrust of government action, a substantial loss of habitat and biodiversity, and an explosion of urban sprawl along the shores of the Lakes. Scholars and students of environmental studies and ecology and readers interested in the health of the Great Lakes should find this fresh look at one of America's endangered regions of value.

This text, written by a leading researcher in the field, describes the origin and formation of lakes in order to give context to the question of how lacustrine deposits form. It explains the process of sedimentation in lakes and the chemistry of those deposits and describes how the age of lake deposits is determined. Additionally, this book shows how different groups of fossils are used in interpreting the paleontological record of lakes. In order to illustrate the more synthetic approaches to interpreting the history of lakes, the author also discusses such special topics as lake-level history, lake evolution, and the impact of environmental change on lakes.

Aquatic Ecosystems explains the interplay between various movements of matter and energy through ecosystems mediated by Dissolved Organic Matter. This book provides information on how much DOM there is in a particular aquatic ecosystem and where it originates. It explains whether the DOM composition varies from time to time and place to place. It also details how DOM becomes incorporated into microbial food webs, and gives a better, clarifying, understanding to its significance of DOM.
Dissolved Organic Matter (called DOM) is incredibly important in all aquatic ecosystems. Although it might seem that logs and leaves are more important, in fact the DOM is more crucial because the DOM is in a form that is available for use by all the organisms living in the the water. Furthermore, DOM influences complex food webs by mediating the availability of aquatic nutrients, metals, salts and minerals. DOM also affects water clarity, which of course has alters the way animals and plants live and feed in the water.
There are many ways to study DOM and this book focuses on several central questions. How much DOM is there in a particular aquatic ecosytem? Where does it come from? Does the composition of the DOM vary from time to time and place to palce? How does DOM become incorporated into microbial food webs, which are the basis of plant, invertebrate and vertebrate food webs? How can the answers to these and other questions about DOM be considered together so that a better understanding of the significance of DOM can emerge?

Lakes in the Balkans are numerous, but few of them have been studied, and even fewer on a long-term basis. This work, looking at a lake of the Balkans, is a synthesis of present knowledge on the ecology and functioning of the lake and its resources, with an emphasis on its endemism and on the management needed to preserve its unique fauna and flora. It also contains original long-term studies on pelicans and fish. The target readership is lay people, conservationists (especially birdwatchers) and wetland scientists.

Since 1956 the author has been making extensive and detailed investigations of saline lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. On the basis of large amounts of first-hand data and multidisciplinary analysis, the book deals with the temporal and spatial evolution of the plateau saline lakes and the prospects for inorganic salts and organic resources and their exploitation and protection, as well as the relationships between saline lakes and global changes. This book is one of the first English monographs on saline lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau - the "Roof of the World". Compared with books about saline lakes in other areas of the world, this monograph is written in a multidisciplinary, comprehensive and systematic way. It may be used by graduate students, teachers, researchers, field geologists and engineers as a reference book in research, teaching, etc.

Evolutionary ecology includes aspects of community structure, trophic interactions, life-history tactics, and reproductive modes, analyzed from an evolutionary perspective. Freshwater environments often impose spatial structure on populations, e.g. within large lakes or among habitat patches, facilitating genetic and phenotypic divergence. Traditionally, freshwater systems have featured prominently in ecological research and population biology.

This book brings together information on diverse freshwater taxa, with a mix of critical review, synthesis, and case studies. Using examples from bryozoans, rotifers, cladocerans, molluscs, teleosts and others, the authors cover current conceptual issues of evolutionary ecology in considerable depth.

The book can serve as a source of critically evaluated ideas, detailed case studies, and open problems in the field of evolutionary ecology. It is recommended for students and researchers in ecology, limnology, population biology, and evolutionary biology.

Taxonomy and Geographic Distribution. 1. Tenagodrilus musculus g.n., sp.n., a New Genus and Species of Lumbriculidae (Clitellata) from a Temporary Pond in Alabama, USA; M. Eckroth, R.O. Brinkhurst. 2. Kathrynella, a New Oligochaete Genus from Guyana; P. Omodeo. 3. Oligochaetes (Nididae, Tubificidae, Opistocystdae, Enchytraeidae, Sparganophilidae and Alluroididae) of Guyana; D.F. Stacey, K.A. Coates. 4. Species Separation and Identification in the Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida): Combining Morphology and General Protein Pattern; R. Schmelz. Distribution, Abundance and Habitat Types. 5. Naidids and Other Oligochaetes of Italy; A. di Chiara Paoletti, Sambugar. 6. The Distribution of Oligochaeta on an Exposed Rocky Shore in South East Ireland; B. Healy. 7. Oligochaeta and Aphanoneura in Ancient Lakes: a Review; P. Martin. 8. Distribution Patterns of Aquatic Oligochaetes Inhabiting Watercourses in the North-Western Iberian Peninsula; E. Martinez-Ansemil, R. Collado. 9. The Influence of Water Movement on the Distribution of Oligochaetes; T.D. Slepukhina. 10. Oligochaeta of Lake Taimyr: a Preliminary Survey; T. Timm. 11. Influence of Grain Size on the Distribution of Tubificid Oligochaetes; G. Sauter, H. Gude. 12. Investigations of Oligochaete Community Structure in Different Habitats of a River Marsh Near Hamburg; R. Grimm. 13. Long-Term Changes in Oligochaete Communities in Lake Ladoga; T. Slepukhina. 14. Oligochaetes in the Southern Basin of the Venetian Lagoon: Community Composition, Species Abundance Biomass and Dispersion Pattern; S. Casellato. Population Dynamics. 15. Seasonal Dynamics of Aufwuchs Naididae (Oligochaeta) on Phragmites australis in a Eutrophic Lake; B. Lohlein. 16. Age, Stage and Size Structure as Population State Variables for Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae); A. Pasteris, et al. 17. Oligochaete Species and their Biomass as a Source of Fish Food in Hungarian Rice Fields; A. Szito. 18. Intermediate Host Specificity of Caryophllaeus laticeps (Pallas) in Swedish Tubificid Oligochaetes and Population Dynamics of the Parasite in its Final Host the Bream, Abramis brama (L.) in Lake Malaren; G. Milbrink. 19. Energy Budget of Oligochaeta and its Connection with the Primary Production of a Reservoir; K. Jenderedjian. 20. Production and Population Dynamics of Tubifex tubifex in the Profundal Zone of a Freshwater Reservoir in N. Italy; C. Bonacina, et al. Pollution Studies. 21. Superficial and Hyporheic Communities as Indicators of Pollution and Water Exchange in the River Moselle (France); M. Lafont, et al. 22. Reversal of Eutrophication in Four Swiss Lakes; Evidence from Oligochaete Communities; C. Lang, O. Reymond. 23. A Comparison of Two Tubificid Oligochaete Species as Candidates for Sublethal Bioassay Tests Relevant to Subtropical and Tropical Regions; M. Marchese, R.O. Brinkhurst. 24. Oligochaetes in a Long Term Eutrophication Experiment; P.F.M. Verdonschot. Anthropogenic Impacts on Oligochaete Communities in the Mouth of the Neva; N.P. Finogenova. 26. Upstream and Downstream Movement of Macrofauna (with Special Referenc

River systems involve a complex interaction of a rich diversity of microorganisms, plants and animals with their physical and chemical environment. Uniquely, the river habitat presents particular problems for organisms exposed to unidirectional currents, seasonal variation in flow, and disturbance due to pollution and other human interference. Drawing on chapters from the two volumes of The Rivers Handbook, this book describes river organisms - the taxa, their adaptations and ecologies, and their trophic interactions. After considering the principles, practice and problems associated with making reliable observations on river organisms, the final chapters investigate how river biota are impacted by human activity, and how in turn they can be used as indicators of these effects in river management. Aimed at final-year undergraduate and postgraduate students, the book will also be of interest to all those concerned with river conservation, including environmental scientists, river engineers and river managers.

"Freshwater Marshes "was first published in 1994. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions.

Prairie potholes, wetland edges of lakes and rivers, and other freshwater marshes play a vital role in maintaining a clean and plentiful water supply for wildlife and human use. These wetland areas provide habitat for spawning fish, feed waterfowl, purify and retain water, and control erosion. In this updated third edition, Milton W. Weller describes the components of the freshwater marsh: its annual and seasonal dynamics as affected by rainfall cycles and the plant and animal population's response to such changes. Weller discusses how such wetland areas are managed for wildlife populations and diversity, and how such processes can be used in wetland conservation and restoration. He considers the impact society has on wetlands and offers conservation goals for freshwater wetland complexes. Weller broadens the third edition to include an analysis of how prairie wetlands compare in water dynamics with swamps, tidal marshes, and other wetlands. He also expands the discussion of wetland classification, evaluation, mitigation, and restoration, and introduces a new glossary of current wetland terminology.

"Freshwater Marshes " is Volume 1 of Wildlife Habitats.

Milton W. Weller is professor emeritus and former Kleberg Chair in Wildlife Ecology, at Texas A&M University.