This up-to-date reference discusses important concepts of vehicular communication in intelligent transportation systems. Augmented Intelligence Toward Smart Vehicular Applications begins by discussing key objectives of intelligent transport systems and vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). It then goes on to discuss challenges, applications and future trends in VANETs. The text focuses on the organization of artificial intelligence (AI) and aspects of deep learning algorithms, particularly multimodal transport. This book will serve as an ideal reference for graduate students and academic researchers in the field of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering and transportation engineering. Features In-depth coverage of Internet of Things (IoT) in vehicular applications Discussion on nn-vehicle sensor networks Implementation of mobile IP and migration of IPv6 Focus on the need of AI in smart vehicular applications Discussions on advanced concepts in the field of intelligent transport systems

This textbook presents computer networks to electrical and computer engineering students in a manner that is clearer, more interesting, and easier to understand than other texts. All principles are presented in a lucid, logical, step-by-step manner. As much as possible, the authors avoid wordiness and giving too much detail that could hide concepts and impede overall understanding of the material. Ten review questions in the form of multiple-choice objective items are provided at the end of each chapter with answers. The review questions are intended to cover the little "tricks" which the examples and end-of-chapter problems may not cover. They serve as a self-test device and help students determine how well they have mastered the chapter.

Crowd computing, crowdsourcing, crowd-associated network (CrAN), crowd-assisted sensing are some examples of crowd-based concepts that harness the power of people on the web or connected via web-like infrastructure to do tasks that are often difficult for individual users or computers to do alone. This creates many challenging issues like assessing reliability and correctness of crowd generated information, delivery of data and information via crowd, middleware for supporting crowdsourcing and crowd computing tasks, crowd associated networking and its security, Quality of Information (QoI) issues, etc. This book compiles the latest advances in the relevant fields.

"Nature-inspired" includes, roughly speaking, "bio-inspired"+"physical-inspired"+"social-inspired"+ and so on. This book contains highly original contributions about how nature is going to shape networking systems of the future. Hence, it focuses on rigorous approaches and cutting-edge solutions, which encompass three classes of major methods: 1) Those that take inspiration from nature for the development of novel problem solving techniques; 2) Those that are based on the use of networks to synthesize natural phenomena; and 3) Those that employ natural materials to compute or communicate.

The International Conference on Communications, Management, and Information Technology (ICCMIT'16) provides a discussion forum for scientists, engineers, educators and students about the latest discoveries and realizations in the foundations, theory, models and applications of systems inspired on nature, using computational intelligence methodologies, as well as in emerging areas related to the three tracks of the conference: Communication Engineering, Knowledge, and Information Technology. The best 25 papers to be included in the book will be carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions, then revised and expanded to provide deeper insight into trends shaping future ICT.

"This book addresses how health apps, in-home measurement devices, telemedicine, data mining, and artificial intelligence and smart medical algorithms are all enabled by the transition to a digital health infrastructure.....it provides a comprehensive background with which to understand what is happening in healthcare informatics and why."-C. William Hanson, III, MD, Chief Medical Information Officer and Vice President, University of Pennsylvania Health System. "This book is dedicated to the frontline healthcare workers, who through their courage and honor to their profession, helped maintain a reliable service to the population at large, during a chaotic time. These individuals withstood fear and engaged massive uncertainty and risk to perform their duties of providing care to those in need at a time of crisis. May the world never forget the COVID-19 pandemic and the courage of our healthcare workers".-Stephan P. Kudyba, Author Healthcare Informatics: Evolving Strategies in the Digital Era focuses on the services, technologies, and processes that are evolving in the healthcare industry. It begins with an introduction to the factors that are driving the digital age as it relates to the healthcare sector and then covers strategic topics such as risk management, project management, and knowledge management that are essential for successful digital initiatives. It delves into facets of the digital economy and how healthcare is adapting to the geographic, demographic, and physical needs of the population and highlights the emergence and importance of apps and telehealth. It also provides a high-level approach to managing pandemics by applying the various elements of the digital ecosystem. The book covers such technologies as: Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) Clinical Information Systems Alerting systems and medical sensors Electronic healthcare records (EHRs) Mobile healthcare and telehealth. Apps Business Intelligence and Decision Support Analytics Digital outreach to the population Artificial Intelligence The book then closes the loop on the efficiency enhancing process with a focus on utilizing analytics for problem solving for a variety of healthcare processes including the pharmaceutical sector. Finally, the book ends with current and futuristic views on evolving applications of AI throughout the industry.

Data storage, processing, and management at remote location over dynamic networks is the most challenging task in cloud networks. Users' expectations are very high for data accuracy, reliability, accessibility, and availability in pervasive cloud environment. It was the core motivation for the Cloud Networks Internet of Things (CNIoT). The exponential growth of the networks and data management in CNIoT must be implemented in fast growing service sectors such as logistic and enterprise management. The network based IoT works as a bridge to fill the gap between IT and cloud networks, where data is easily accessible and available. This book provides a framework for the next generation of cloud networks, which is the emerging part of 5G partnership projects. This contributed book has following salient features, A cloud-based next generation networking technologies. Cloud-based IoT and mobility management technology. The proposed book is a reference for research scholars and course supplement for cloud-IoT related subjects such as distributed networks in computer/ electrical engineering. Sanjay Kumar Biswash is working as an Assistant professor in NIIT University, India. He held Research Scientist position, Institute of Cybernetics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia. He was PDF at LNCC, Brazil and SDSU, USA. He was a visiting researcher to the UC, Portugal. Sourav Kanti Addya is working as an Assistant professor in NITK, Surathkal, India. He was a PDF at IIT Kharagpur, India. He was a visiting scholar at SDSU, USA. He obtained national level GATE scholarship. He is a member of IEEE, ACM.

Optical networks, employing Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) and wavelength routing, are believed to be the answer for the explosion in IP traffic and the emergence of real-time multimedia applications. These networks offer quantum leaps in transmission capacity as well as eliminate the electronic bottleneck in existing metropolitan and backbone networks. During the last decade, we witnessed a tremendous growth in the theoretical and experimental studies focusing on the cost-effective deployment of wavelength routed networks. The majority of these studies, however, assumed ideal behavior of optical devices. In this book, we argue that for the successful deployment of optical networks, design algorithms and network protocols must be extended to accommodate the non-ideal behavior of optical devices. These extensions should not only focus on maintaining acceptable signal quality (e.g., 12 maintaining BER above 10- ), but should also motivate the development of optimization algorithms and signaling protocols which take transmission impairments into consideration. In addition, the design of enabling technologies, such as optical cross-connects, should be transmission-efficient. This book is a comprehensive treatment of the impact of transmission impairments on the design and management of wavelength-routed networks. We start with transparent networks, focusing on power implications such as cross-connect design, device allocation problems, and management issues. In this all-optical model, we propose a design space based on reduction in overall cost and ease of network management. This design concept, motivates various switch architectures and different optimization problems."

It takes 17 years on average to bring new medical treatments ideas into evidence-based clinical practice. The growing replicability crisis in science further delays these "new miracles." Blockchain can improve science and accelerate medical research while bringing a new layer of trust to healthcare. This book is about science, its value to medicine, and how we can use blockchain to improve the quality and impact of both. The book looks at science and medicine from an insider's perspective and describes the processes, successes, shortcomings and opportunities in an accessible way for a broad audience. It weaves this a non-technical look at the emerging world of blockchain technology; what it is, where it is useful, and how it can improve science and medicine. It lays out a roadmap for this application to transform how we develop knowledge about health and medicine to improve our lives. In the first part, Blockchain isn't Tech, the authors look at blockchain/distributed ledger technology along with critical trade-offs and current explorations of its utility. They give an overview of use cases for the technology across industries, including finance, manufacturing and healthcare, with interviews and insights from leaders across government, academia, and tech/health industry both big and start-up. In the second part, Science is Easy, the authors look at science as a process and how this drives advancement in medicine. They shed a light on some of science's shortcomings, including the reproducibility crisis and problems with misaligned incentives (i.e. publish or perish). They apply a breakdown of critical components to the functional steps in the scientific process and outline how the open science movement is looking to improve these, while highlighting the limit of these fixes with current technology, incentives and structure of science. In the third part, DAO of Science, the authors look at how blockchain applied to open science can impact medical research. They examine how this distributed approach can provide better quality science, value-based research and faster medical miracles. Finally, they provide a vision of the future of distributed medical research and give a roadmap of steps to get there.

Enabling Technologies for Next Generation Wireless Communications provides up-to-date information on emerging trends in wireless systems, their enabling technologies and their evolving application paradigms. This book includes the latest trends and developments toward next generation wireless communications. It highlights the requirements of next generation wireless systems, limitations of existing technologies in delivering those requirements and the need to develop radical new technologies. It focuses on bringing together information on various technological developments that are enablers vital to fulfilling the requirements of future wireless communication systems and their applications. Topics discussed include spectrum issues, network planning, signal processing, transmitter, receiver, antenna technologies, channel coding, security and application of machine learning and deep learning for wireless communication systems. The book also provides information on enabling business models for future wireless systems. This book is useful as a resource for researchers and practitioners worldwide, including industry practitioners, technologists, policy decision-makers, academicians, and graduate students.

Trust and Records in an Open Digital Environment explores issues that arise when digital records are entrusted to the cloud and will help professionals to make informed choices in the context of a rapidly changing digital economy. Showing that records need to ensure public trust, especially in the era of alternative truths, this volume argues that reliable resources, which are openly accessible from governmental institutions, e-services, archival institutions, digital repositories, and cloud-based digital archives, are the key to an open digital environment. The book also demonstrates that current established practices need to be reviewed and amended to include the networked nature of the cloud-based records, to investigate the role of new players, like cloud service providers (CSP), and assess the potential for implementing new, disruptive technologies like blockchain. Stancic and the contributors address these challenges by taking three themes - state, citizens, and documentary form - and discussing their interaction in the context of open government, open access, recordkeeping, and digital preservation. Exploring what is needed to enable the establishment of an open digital environment, Trust and Records in an Open Digital Environment should be essential reading for data, information, document, and records management professionals. It will also be a key text for archivists, librarians, professors, and students working in the information sciences and other related fields.

Trust and Records in an Open Digital Environment explores issues that arise when digital records are entrusted to the cloud and will help professionals to make informed choices in the context of a rapidly changing digital economy. Showing that records need to ensure public trust, especially in the era of alternative truths, this volume argues that reliable resources, which are openly accessible from governmental institutions, e-services, archival institutions, digital repositories, and cloud-based digital archives, are the key to an open digital environment. The book also demonstrates that current established practices need to be reviewed and amended to include the networked nature of the cloud-based records, to investigate the role of new players, like cloud service providers (CSP), and assess the potential for implementing new, disruptive technologies like blockchain. Stancic and the contributors address these challenges by taking three themes - state, citizens, and documentary form - and discussing their interaction in the context of open government, open access, recordkeeping, and digital preservation. Exploring what is needed to enable the establishment of an open digital environment, Trust and Records in an Open Digital Environment should be essential reading for data, information, document, and records management professionals. It will also be a key text for archivists, librarians, professors, and students working in the information sciences and other related fields.

If you need to get to grips with QoS, this is the place to start.

Quality of Service (QoS) is continuously growing in importance in the telecommunications industry because competition is growing fiercer by the day. By drawing on 30 years of experience, William C. Hardy explains how to examine specific tools and techniques that he has developed for the measurement and evaluation of QoS and understand the underlying analysis perspectives and methodologies.

• Details the basic concepts of QoS, together with the methodologies for organizing, structuring, and carrying out analyses of QoS from scratch.
• Describes the atttributes of the telecommunications service that determine user perception of quality in non-technical terms.
• Discusses specific measures, measurement techniques and evaluation criteria for all of the factors that affect user perception of QoS.
• Addresses user concerns including:

This book presents the Cognitive Information Centric Sensor Network (CICSN) framework for the IoT. This framework is built on top of cognitive nodes, capable of knowledge representation, learning, and reasoning, along with an information-centric approach for data delivery. It also discusses the most appropriate deployment strategy for these cognitive nodes under realistic assumptions that cares about the Quality of Information (QoI). In addition, it uses a QoI aware data delivery strategy, with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as the reasoning technique to identify data delivery paths that dynamically adapt to changing network conditions and user requirements.

Signals and Systems: A Primer with MATLAB (R) provides clear, interesting, and easy-to-understand coverage of continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems. Each chapter opens with a historical profile or career talk, followed by an introduction that states the chapter objectives and links the chapter to the previous ones. All principles are presented in a lucid, logical, step-by-step approach. As much as possible, the authors avoid wordiness and detail overload that could hide concepts and impede understanding. In recognition of the requirements by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) on integrating computer tools, the use of MATLAB (R) is encouraged in a student-friendly manner. MATLAB is introduced in Appendix B and applied gradually throughout the book. Each illustrative example is immediately followed by a practice problem along with its answer. Students can follow the example step by step to solve the practice problem without flipping pages or looking at the end of the book for answers. These practice problems test students' comprehension and reinforce key concepts before moving on to the next section. Toward the end of each chapter, the authors discuss some application aspects of the concepts covered in the chapter. The material covered in the chapter is applied to at least one or two practical problems or devices. This helps students see how the concepts are applied to real-life situations. In addition, thoroughly worked examples are given liberally at the end of every section. These examples give students a solid grasp of the solutions as well as the confidence to solve similar problems themselves. Some of the problems are solved in two or three ways to facilitate a deeper understanding and comparison of different approaches. Ten review questions in the form of multiple-choice objective items are provided at the end of each chapter with answers. The review questions are intended to cover the "little tricks" that the examples and end-of-chapter problems may not cover. They serve as a self-test device and help students determine chapter mastery. Each chapter also ends with a summary of key points and formulas. Designed for a three-hour semester course on signals and systems, Signals and Systems: A Primer with MATLAB (R) is intended as a textbook for junior-level undergraduate students in electrical and computer engineering. The prerequisites for a course based on this book are knowledge of standard mathematics (including calculus and differential equations) and electric circuit analysis.

This book proposes the novel network envisions and framework design principles, in order to systematically expound the next generation vehicular networks, including the modelling, algorithms and practical applications. It focuses on the key enabling technologies to design the next generation vehicular networks with various vehicular services to realize the safe, convenient and comfortable driving. The next generation vehicular networks has emerged to provide services with a high quality of experience (QoE) to vehicles, where both better network maintainability and sustainability can be obtained than before. The framework design principles and related network architecture are also covered in this book. Then, the series of research topics are discussed including the reputation based content centric delivery, the contract based mobile edge caching, the Stackelberg game model based computation offloading, the auction game based secure computation offloading, the bargain game based security protection and the deep learning based autonomous driving. Finally, the investigation, development and future works are also introduced for designing the next generation vehicular networks. The primary audience for this book are researchers, who work in computer science and electronic engineering. Professionals working in the field of mobile networks and communications, as well as engineers and technical staff who work on the development or the standard of computer networks will also find this book useful as a reference.

Internet Infrastructure: Networking, Web Services, and Cloud Computing provides a comprehensive introduction to networks and the Internet from several perspectives: the underlying media, the protocols, the hardware, the servers, and their uses. The material in the text is divided into concept chapters that are followed up with case study chapters that examine how to install, configure, and secure a server that offers the given service discussed. The book covers in detail the Bind DNS name server, the Apache web server, and the Squid proxy server. It also provides background on those servers by discussing DNS, DHCP, HTTP, HTTPS, digital certificates and encryption, web caches, and the variety of protocols that support web caching. Introductory networking content, as well as advanced Internet content, is also included in chapters on networks, LANs and WANs, TCP/IP, TCP/IP tools, cloud computing, and an examination of the Amazon Cloud Service. Online resources include supplementary content that is available via the textbook's companion website, as well useful resources for faculty and students alike, including: a complete lab manual; power point notes, for installing, configuring, securing and experimenting with many of the servers discussed in the text; power point notes; animation tutorials to illustrate some of the concepts; two appendices; and complete input/output listings for the example Amazon cloud operations covered in the book.

With the ubiquitous diffusion of the IoT, Cloud Computing, 5G and other evolved wireless technologies into our daily lives, the world will see the Internet of the future expand ever more quickly. Driving the progress of communications and connectivity are mobile and wireless technologies, including traditional WLANs technologies and low, ultra-power, short and long-range technologies. These technologies facilitate the communication among the growing number of connected devices, leading to the generation of huge volumes of data. Processing and analysis of such "big data" brings about many opportunities, as well as many challenges, such as those relating to efficient power consumptions, security, privacy, management, and quality of service. This book is about the technologies, opportunities and challenges that can drive and shape the networks of the future. Written by established international researchers and experts, Networks of the Future answers fundamental and pressing research challenges in the field, including architectural shifts, concepts, mitigation solutions and techniques, and key technologies in the areas of networking. The book starts with a discussion on Cognitive Radio (CR) technologies as promising solutions for improving spectrum utilization, and also highlights the advances in CR spectrum sensing techniques and resource management methods. The second part of the book presents the latest developments and research in the areas of 5G technologies and Software Defined Networks (SDN). Solutions to the most pressing challenges facing the adoption of 5G technologies are also covered, and the new paradigm known as Fog Computing is examined in the context of 5G networks. The focus next shifts to efficient solutions for future heterogeneous networks. It consists of a collection of chapters that discuss self-healing solutions, dealing with Network Virtualization, QoS in heterogeneous networks, and energy efficient techniques for Passive Optical Networks and Wireless Sensor Networks. Finally, the areas of IoT and Big Data are discussed, including the latest developments and future perspectives of Big Data and the IoT paradigms.

The book provides a comprehensive guide to vehicular social networks. The book focuses on a new class of mobile ad hoc networks that exploits social aspects applied to vehicular environments. Selected topics are related to social networking techniques, social-based routing techniques applied to vehicular networks, data dissemination in VSNs, architectures for VSNs, and novel trends and challenges in VSNs. It provides significant technical and practical insights in different aspects from a basic background on social networking, the inter-related technologies and applications to vehicular ad-hoc networks, the technical challenges, implementation and future trends.

Emerging Communication Technologies Based on Wireless Sensor Networks: Current Research and Future Applications fills a gap in the existing literature by combining a plethora of WSN-based emerging technologies into a single source so that researchers can form opinions regarding these technologies. It presents different types of emerging communication technologies based on WSNs and describes how wireless sensor networks can be integrated with other communication technologies. It covers many of the new techniques and demonstrates the application of WSNs. The book's 14 chapters are divided into four parts. The first part covers the basics of wireless sensor networks and their principal working methods. The authors then move on to discuss different types of WSNs, characteristics of different types of emerging technologies based on WSNs, renewable energy sources, battery replenishment strategies, and application-specific energy challenges of WSNs. The second part is dedicated to issues related to wireless body area networks (WBANs). It discusses wearable WSNs and their applications, standards, and research trends. The authors also discuss routing schemes devised for WBANs and thermal-aware routing protocols for WBANs. The third part focuses on different emerging communication technologies based on WSNs, including electromagnetic wireless nanosensor networks, WSNs in the IoT, management of WSNs through satellite networks, WSNs in smart homes, and cognitive radio technology in conjunction with WSNs. The last part of the book covers topics generally related to typical WSNs, including energy-efficient data collection in WSNs, key distribution mechanisms in WSNs, distributed data gathering algorithms for mobile WSNs, and finally, a novel mobility scheme for WSNs that supports IPv6.

This book offers an analysis of privacy impacts resulting from and reinforced by technology and discusses fundamental risks and challenges of protecting privacy in the digital age. Privacy is among the most endangered "species" in our networked society: personal information is processed for various purposes beyond our control. Ultimately, this affects the natural interplay between privacy, personal identity and identification. This book investigates that interplay from a systemic, socio-technical perspective by combining research from the social and computer sciences. It sheds light on the basic functions of privacy, their relation to identity, and how they alter with digital identification practices. The analysis reveals a general privacy control dilemma of (digital) identification shaped by several interrelated socio-political, economic and technical factors. Uncontrolled increases in the identification modalities inherent to digital technology reinforce this dilemma and benefit surveillance practices, thereby complicating the detection of privacy risks and the creation of appropriate safeguards. Easing this problem requires a novel approach to privacy impact assessment (PIA), and this book proposes an alternative PIA framework which, at its core, comprises a basic typology of (personally and technically) identifiable information. This approach contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of privacy impacts and thus, to the development of more effective protection standards. This book will be of much interest to students and scholars of critical security studies, surveillance studies, computer and information science, science and technology studies, and politics.

Enterprise Architecture (EA) is an essential part of the fabric of a business; however, EA also transcends and transforms technology and moves it into the business space. Therefore, EA needs to be discussed in an integrated, holistic, and comprehensive manner. Only such an integrated approach to EA can provide the foundation for a transformation that readies the business for the myriad enterprise-wide challenges it will face. Highly disruptive technologies such as Big Data, Machine Learning, and Mobile and Cloud Computing require a fine balance between their business and technical aspects as an organization moves forward with its digital transformation. This book focuses on preparing all organizations - large and small - and those wishing to move into them for the impact of leveraging these emerging, disruptive, and innovative technologies within the EA framework.

This book is open access under a CC BY NC ND license. It addresses the most recent developments in cloud computing such as HPC in the Cloud, heterogeneous cloud, self-organising and self-management, and discusses the business implications of cloud computing adoption. Establishing the need for a new architecture for cloud computing, it discusses a novel cloud management and delivery architecture based on the principles of self-organisation and self-management. This focus shifts the deployment and optimisation effort from the consumer to the software stack running on the cloud infrastructure. It also outlines validation challenges and introduces a novel generalised extensible simulation framework to illustrate the effectiveness, performance and scalability of self-organising and self-managing delivery models on hyperscale cloud infrastructures. It concludes with a number of potential use cases for self-organising, self-managing clouds and the impact on those businesses.

Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled spaces have made revolutionary advances in the utility grid. Among these advances, intelligent and energy-efficient services are gaining considerable interest. The use of the smart grid is increasing day after day around us and is not only used in saving energy but also in our daily life for intelligent health, traffic, and even farming systems. The grid enabled with IoT features is also expected to communicate with cellular networks smoothly in the next-generation networks (6G and beyond). This will open the door for other interesting research areas. In this book, we consider the most significant and emergent research topics in this domain, addressing major issues and challenges in IoT-based solutions proposed for the smart grid. The chapters provide insight on comprehensive topics in IoT-based smart grids, combining technical aspects with the most up-to-date theory. It investigates the grid under varying and potential emerging paradigms such as edge/fog computing, in addition to big data aspects considerations in the IoT era. With comprehensive surveys and case studies, this book explores basic and high-level grid aspects in the emerging smart city paradigm, which makes it especially attractive to researchers, academics, and higher-level students. This authored book can be used by computer science undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners, city administrators, policymakers, and government regulators.

This book captures a range of important developments that have occurred in Information Systems over the last forty years, with a particular focus on India and the developing world. Over this time, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and Information Systems (IS) have come to play a critical role in supporting, complementing and automating managerial decisions, shaping and transforming industries, and contributing to deep societal and economic change. This volume examines a range of topics for those interested in the adoption and use of these technologies across varied situations. It combines empirical studies on the application and impact of IS with commentaries, debates and insights on the transformative role that IT and the IT industry have played, and continue to play, within India as well as globally. The book draws attention to issues and challenges that organizations grapple with in tech-enabled environments, and provides insights on the role of automation and computational techniques. It explores the global impact of the technology revolution on economic growth and development, electronic globalization, and the wider opportunities and challenges of a hi-tech world. The chapters cover various themes such as e-government in India, internet-based distribution systems, internet banking, and use of collaborative IT tools and functions to support virtual teams in the software industry and the business process outsourcing industry. Other chapters focus on methodological advances, such as systems thinking which finds applications in organizational decision-making, and the use of fuzzy logic. This volume will interest professionals and scholars of information technology and information systems, computer studies, IT systems, economics, and business and management studies.