This book aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the consequences of changes in European societies, focussing on migration and related phenomena of discrimination and xenophobia. The comparative analyses cover all countries of the European Social Survey in the period 2002-2014. They reveal that native members of so-called vulnerable groups, such as the unemployed, retired, permanently sick or disabled and the elderly, were more likely to experience threats and to exhibit anti-immigration attitudes. The contributors further examine social openness defined in terms of marital homogamy, social trust in the context of legitimization and social conditions of sleeplessness. A final methodological section presents the results of a mixed mode experiment involving the face-to-face mode.

Dieses Lexikon bietet mit mehr als 17.000 Stichworten umfassende Informationen zu den verschiedenen Bevolkerungsgruppen der Erde, deren Vielfalt insbesondere in Verbindung mit der rasanten Bevolkerungsentwicklung dieses Jahrtausends enorm zugenommen hat. Neben Stichworten zur ethnischen Bezeichnung und zu Nationalitaten-Beziehungen enthalt das Werk Angaben zur anthropologischen und humanbiologischen Zuordnung, zur sozialen Strukturierung, zur kulturellen Entwicklung, zu religiosem Brauchtum und zu sprachlichen Gemeinschaften. Daruber hinaus wird eine Fulle demographisch-statistischer, administrativer und juristischer Termini erlautert; zudem finden sich Angaben zu aktuellen und historischen Einwohnerzahlen politischer Territorien."

Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, Volume 1A, provides the economic literature on aging and associated subjects, including social insurance and healthcare costs. This text explores the economic literature on aging and associated subjects, including social insurance, health care costs, the interests of policymakers, and the role of academics. As the first of two volumes, users will find it a great resource on the topics associated with the economics of aging. Together with its companion, volume 1B, this work includes literature that has appeared in general economics journals, in various field journals in economics, especially, but not exclusively, those covering labor market and human resource issues, information from interdisciplinary social science and life science journals, and data presented in papers by economists published in journals associated with gerontology, history, sociology, political science, and demography, amongst others.

Decolonizing African History involves efforts toward ending European intellectual hegemony over Africa's political, economic, historical, and cultural ways, the reverse of its effects, and the pursuit of absolute liberation and self-determination for Africa. As an intellectual under-taking, Decolonizing African History emphasizes the study of African history from an African perspective, as well as the transmission of that knowledge through Africanized curricula, instructional frameworks, and epistemologies. The acknowledgment of marginalized peoples or groups as agents of their own histories and experiences is a critical component in Decolonizing African History.

Decolonizing African History is based on the premise that Africa must look inside and apply an alternative multidisciplinary approach to developing ideas for solutions to Africa's developmental problems, drawing inspiration from its own culture, history, and creative imaginations. Essentially, African intellectuals must apply local theories and approaches to understand African problems, solve them, and challenge the status quo's beliefs and practices of a distorted African image. The overall goal of this lecture is to liberate African knowledge, as well as the adoption and adaptation of traditional African modes of knowing and knowledge creation. Hence, the lecture attempts to awaken Africans to set the records right in terms of African history and unlock Africa's hitherto suppressed immense potentials.

It conveys the essence of decolonization in African history: its origins and nature, reasons, methods, goals, and expected outcomes. It also argues for the development of an indigenous knowledge-based system in sync with African realities and capable of carving out autonomous models to alleviate Africa's political, economic, sociocultural, and innovative leadership overdependence on the "developed world." Finally, it submits that if African societies can be shown to be on par with other major societies throughout the world, there is no reason they should not be able to control their own destiny. It rekindles the belief that Africans will be proud of their identities one day, having freed themselves and their past from crippling colonial notions.

Of the lists of taxpayers and other persons compiled by the city of Barcelona in the 14th century, only very few have come down to us. This volume contains the oldest extant examples, stemming from the 1360s. They comprise (a) tax surveys (talles) in the various urban districts of Barcelona, listing the names of the inhabitants and the taxes levied on them, and (b) a list of inhabitants (fogatge) from the surrounding areas of the city, the territori de Barcelona, in which the information on the persons living there served as the basis for counting the number of households (focs).

An in-depth look at how U.S. Latino advocacy groups are using ethnoracial demographic projections to bring about political change in the present For years, newspaper headlines, partisan speeches, academic research, and even comedy routines have communicated that the United States is undergoing a profound demographic transformation-one that will purportedly change the "face" of the country in a matter of decades. But the so-called browning of America, sociologist Michael Rodriguez-Muniz contends, has less to do with the complexion of growing populations than with past and present struggles shaping how demographic trends are popularly imagined and experienced. Offering an original and timely window into these struggles, Figures of the Future explores the population politics of national Latino civil rights groups. Based on eight years of ethnographic and qualitative research, spanning both the Obama and Trump administrations, this book investigates how several of the most prominent of these organizations-including UnidosUS (formerly NCLR), the League of United Latin American Citizens, and Voto Latino-have mobilized demographic data about the Latino population in dogged pursuit of political recognition and influence. In census promotions, get-out-the-vote campaigns, and policy advocacy, this knowledge has been infused with meaning, variously serving as future-oriented sources of inspiration, emblems for identification, and weapons for contestation. At the same time, Rodriguez-Muniz considers why these political actors have struggled to translate this demographic growth into tangible political gain and how concerns about white backlash have affected how they forecast demographic futures. Figures of the Future looks closely at the politics surrounding ethnoracial demographic changes and their rising influence in U.S. public debate and discourse.

Development studies in developing regions such as Southern Africa rely heavily on materials developed by Europeans with a European context. European dominance in development studies emanates from the fact that the discipline was first developed by Europeans. Some argue that this has led to distortions in theory and practice of development in Southern Africa. This book wishes to begin Africa's expedition to develop proper material to de-Westernize while Africanizing the context of the scholarship of rural development. African Perspectives on Reshaping Rural Development is an essential reference source that repositions the context of rural development studies from the Western-centric knowledge system into an African context in order to solve African-centered problems. Featuring research on topics such as food security, poverty reduction, and community engagement, this book is ideally designed for planners, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, government officials, academicians, and students seeking clarity on theory and practice of development in Africa.

Two Groundbreaking Scientists and Their Conflicting Visions of the Future of Our Planet

'Does the earth’s finite carrying capacity mean economic growth has to stop? That momentous question is the subject of Charles Mann’s brilliant book.' Wall Street Journal

In forty years, the population of the Earth will reach ten billion. Can our world support so many people? What kind of world will it be? In this unique, original and important book, Charles C. Mann illuminates the four great challenges we face – food, water, energy, climate change – through an exploration of the crucial work and wide-ranging influence of two little-known twentieth-century scientists, Norman Borlaug and William Vogt.

Vogt (the Prophet) was the intellectual forefather of the environmental movement, and believed that in our using more than the planet has to give, our prosperity will bring us to ruin. Borlaug’s research in the 1950s led to the development of modern high-yield crops that have saved millions from starvation. The Wizard of Mann’s title, he believed that science will continue to rise to the challenges we face.

Mann tells the stories of these scientists and their crucial influence on today’s debates as his story ranges from Mexico to India, across continents and oceans and from the past and the present to the future. Brilliantly original in concept, wryly observant and deeply researched, The Wizard and the Prophet is essential reading for readers of Yuval Noah Harari’s Sapiens or Jared Diamond’s Guns, Germs and Steel, for anyone interested in how we got here and in the future of our species.

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the world's population has increased threefold. The "demographic revolution" has not only changed the size of the population; it is radically transforming its age structure and its spatial distribution, with attendant problems and contradictions. Despite measurable advances in human welfare, such as increased longevity, more than one billion people - about one third of the total population of the Third World - live in poverty, according to a recent World Bank report. Sharply diverging rates of population growth have been accompanied by increasing disparities in income and quality of life across nations. These papers examine the relationship between physical and human resources and population within this context of mass poverty, historically unprecedented population growth, and environmental deterioration. Attention focused on those resources most critical for human well-being, including soil, water, and energy, on the one hand, and education, social organization and economic management, on the other. The discussion is framed by a broad supervision into six parts, examining demographic history and global population prospects; the relationships between population and physical, biological, and human resources; human health; and human settlements. Introductory statements, including an address by Pope John Paul II, and concluding remarks draw out the common threads and point the way towards future action and research. This book originated in a study week organized by the Pontifical Academy of Sciences to bring the best available scientific evidence to bear on this complex and still inadequately explored topic. The study week brought together experts in demography and from the physical, biological, political, economic, anthropological, religious, cultural, and health sciences, to investigate past experience and observed trends. Through this multidisciplinary analysis, a reference base was assembled that is factual, amply documented, and as scientifically indisputable as possible.

The Devils' Fruit describes the features and facets of the strawberry industry as a harm industry, and explores author Dvera Saxton's activist ethnographic work with farmworkers in response to health and environmental injustices. She argues that dealing with devilish - as in deadly, depressing, disabling, and toxic - problems requires intersecting ecosocial, emotional, ethnographic, and activist labors. Through her work as an activist medical anthropologist, she found the caring labors of engaged ethnography take on many forms that go in many different directions. Through chapters that examine farmworkers' embodiment of toxic pesticides and social and workplace relationships, Saxton critically and reflexively describes and analyzes the ways that engaged and activist ethnographic methods, frameworks, and ethics aligned and conflicted, and in various ways helped support still ongoing struggles for farmworker health and environmental justice in California. These are problems shared by other agricultural communities in the U.S. and throughout the world.

Environmentalists devote little attention at the moment to the size and growth of the human population. To counter this neglect, the monograph (i) includes original graphs showing population size and growth since 1920 in the world as a whole and the United States; (ii) assembles evidence tying the increasing number of people to ecosystem deterioration and its societal consequences; and (iii) analyzes sample-survey data to ascertain whether the current disregard of population pressures by U.S. environmentalists reflects the thinking of Americans generally. However, even if a nation took steps primarily intended to lower childbearing and immigration, the findings of social science research indicate that the steps would not have a substantial, lasting impact. The discussion, which suggests an indirect way by which government may reduce fertility, underlines for environmental scholars the importance of studying their subject in a multidisciplinary, collaborative setting.

State Profiles 2019: The Population and Economy of Each U.S. State has been completely updated and provides a wealth of current, authoritative, and comprehensive data on key demographic and economic indicators for each U.S. state and the District of Columbia. Each state is covered by a compact standardized chapter that allows for easy comparisons and timely analysis between the states. A ten-page profile for each U.S. state plus the District of Columbia provides reliable, up-to-date information on a wide range of topics, including: population, labor force, income and poverty, government finances, crime, education, health insurance coverage, voting, marital status, migration, and more. If you want a single source of key demographic and economic data on each of the U.S. states, there is no other book like State Profiles. This book provides an overview of the U.S. economy which provides a framework for understanding the state information. This book is primarily useful for public, school, and college and university libraries, as well as for economic and sociology departments. However, anyone needing state-level information-students, state officials, investors, economic analysts, concerned citizens-will find State Profiles wealth of data and analysis absolutely essential!

Over coming decades, changes in population age structure will have profound implications for the macroeconomy - influencing economic growth, generational equity, human capital, saving and investment, and the sustainability of public and private transfer systems. How the future unfolds will depend on key actors in the generational economy: governments, families, financial institutions, and others. This path-breaking book provides a comprehensive analysis of the macroeconomic effects of changes in population age structure across the globe. The result of a substantial seven-year research project involving over 50 economists and demographers from Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the United States, the book draws on a new and comprehensive conceptual framework - National Transfer Accounts - to quantify the economic lifecycle and economic flows across generations. It presents comprehensive estimates of both public and private economic flows between generations, and emphasizes the global nature of changes in population age structure which are affecting rich and poor countries alike. This unique and informative book will prove an invaluable reference tool for a wide ranging audience encompassing: students, researchers, and academics in fields such as demography, aging, public finance, economic development, macroeconomics, gerontology and national income accounting; policymakers and advisers focusing on areas of the public sector such as education, health, pensions, other social security programs, tax policy, and public debt; and policy analysts at international agencies such as the World Bank, the IMF and the UN.

Citizenship in a Transnational Canada offers a distinct look at the prospect of rethinking citizenship in a contested world of shifting narratives, evolving models, ongoing challenges, and future possibilities. The book's central theme embodies a critical awareness that we no longer live in a national citizenship world but rather in one reorganized around the emergent realities, discourses, and practices of a postcitizenship world that is reshaping how we think, talk, and do citizenship. A new vocabulary is thus required for thinking, talking, and doing citizenship if there is any hope of formulating a narrative consistent with a world of posts, trans, and isms. The book is also premised on the assumption that the citizenship concept is experiencing an identity crisis ("what it is?") and a crisis of confidence ("what should it be doing?") in an increasingly diverse, changing, and complex world, disenchanted with the certainties of the past although unsure of what lies in store. New citizenship narratives and practices are emerging that not only challenge the conventional citizenship model of a single nation-state within a territorially bounded framework but also capitalize on the complexities of transmigrant identities across a networked web of transnational linkages, postnational realities, and a postmulticultural world of diverse-diversities. No less salient are the postcolonial politics that accompany the politicization of Indigenous peoples' citizenship arrangements commensurate with their constitutional status as "the (de facto) sovereigns within." The paradoxes and possibilities that accompany the conceptual makeover of national citizenship regimes along "postcitizenship" lines are explored as well across the settler domains of Canada and (to a lesser extent) the United States, Aotearoa/New Zealand, and Australia.

As Singapore continues to grow as a nation, the happiness and wellbeing of Singaporeans and what matters to them also change. This book conceptualizes and measures the cognitive and affective aspects of subjective wellbeing from multiple perspectives and relates these to important factors such as values, trust, democratic rights, views about politics and the role of the government. Through nationwide surveys using representative samples, including insights from the most recent 2016 Quality of Life (QOL) Survey, this book examines how happiness and subjective wellbeing have evolved over the past 20 years in Singapore. This book is an invaluable resource for those interested in how the study of happiness and wellbeing in Singapore connects with and contributes to the ongoing research and discourse on happiness and wellbeing around the world.

This book closely examines the changes, challenges and shifts in India's family planning programme since its inception in 1952. It discusses the dynamics of population growth, the demographic dividend, family planning and its impact on maternal and child health, and the pressures from various quarters to remove method-specific contraceptive targets from the programme. The volume highlights the shortcomings in the delivery of services by the public sector and the critical role of non-government organisations in research, promotion and advocacy. Rich in empirical data, this book will be an indispensable resource for scholars, policymakers, organisations and NGOs concerned with population and demographic studies. It will also interest those in sociology, public policy and public health.

This volume in the International Studies in Demography series analyses the changing patterns of family formation over the last twenty years. The analysis is set in the context of the demographic transition: the falling birth rates and ageing population of the industrialized countries. The contributors examine the changes in economic behaviour, the implications of demographic patterns for governmental policies and the effects these demographic patterns have on the availability of labour. The distinguished editors have succeeded in merging both economic and demographic analysis into a coherent whole, and this volume will be invaluable for academics and graduate students of both disciplines, who are interested in understanding the phenomenon of ageing societies. One strength of this book is the amount of data and analysis included on Japan and the Western world. The volume is divided into two parts, the former exploring the effects of economic considerations on family formation, while the latter deals with the impact of demographic patterns on economic behaviour, and especially with the distribution of economic resources as a smaller working population supports a growing number of the elderly. Subjects dealt with include the correlation between levels of cohabitation and personal economic resources; a model of the changes in optimal timing of childbearing in Britain using the earnings profile of the mothers; an exploration of how the changing age of marriage mitigates changes in population size; and the transfer of resources between generations.

En este libro Eduardo Gonzalez Castillo presenta el estudio de una de las manifestaciones de la cultura popular urbana menos estudiadas en el Mexico contemporaneo: el medio sonidero. Desarrollado por los habitantes pobres de ese pais y por algunos de sus inmigrantes en los Estados Unidos, este medio de consumo cultural representa un caso ejemplar del modo como las culturas juveniles, las practicas de economia popular y la industria cultural convergen en la definicion de las practicas subalternas dentro de la sociedad mexicana. Un marco teorico multitematico permite al autor tanto explicar los origenes de este medio asi como entender los significados que los jovenes "sonideros" de la ciudad de Puebla asocian al mismo. Rico en consideraciones de tipo historico y etnografico, el estudio muestra por que ahora mas que nunca los estudios sobre cultura popular son necesarios para entender la evolucion de la sociedad mexicana. La lectura de este libro sera particularmente util para los investigadores y profesores universitarios interesados en los estudios culturales y en la cuestion de lo popular en America latina.

In the first book to explore the theory and practice of eugenics in the American South, Edward J. Larson shows how the quest for "strong bloodlines"expressed itself in state laws and public policies from the Progressive Era through World War II. Larson shows how the seemingly broad-based eugenics movement was in fact a series of distinct campaigns by small groups of determined individuals for legislation at the state level.

More and more people are noticing links between urban geography and the spaces within the layout of panels on the comics page. Benjamin Fraser explores the representation of the city in a range of comics from across the globe. Comics address the city as an idea, a historical fact, a social construction, a material-built environment, a shared space forged from the collective imagination, or as a social arena navigated according to personal desire. Accordingly, Fraser brings insights from urban theory to bear on specific comics. The works selected comprise a variety of international, alternative, and independent small-press comics artists, from engravings and early comics to single-panel work, graphic novels, manga, and trading cards, by artists such as Will Eisner, Tsutomu Nihei, Hariton Pushwagner, Julie Doucet, Frans Masereel, and Chris Ware. In the first monograph on this Subject, Fraser touches on many themes of modern urban life: activism, alienation, consumerism, flanerie, gentrification, the mystery story, science fiction, sexual orientation, and working-class labor. He leads readers to images of such cities as Barcelona, Buenos Aires, London, Lyon, Madrid, Montevideo, Montreal, New York, Oslo, Paris, Sao Paolo, and Tokyo. Through close readings, each chapter introduces readers to specific comics artists and works and investigates a range of topics related to the medium's spatial form, stylistic variation, and cultural prominence. Mainly, Fraser mixes interest in urbanism and architecture with the creative strategies that comics artists employ to bring their urban images to life.