In recent years, exchanges on both sides of the Atlantic have been extensively reengineered, and their organizational structures have changed from non-profit, membership organizations to for-profit, demutualized organizations. Concurrently, new alternative trading systems have emerged and the traditional functions of broker/dealer firms have evolved. How have these changes affected the delivery of that mission? How has the efficiency of capital raising in the IPO market been impacted? These are among the key questions addressed in this book, titled after the Baruch College Conference, The Economic Function of a Stock Market. Featuring contributions from a panel of scholars, academicians, policymakers, and industry leaders, this volume examines current issues affecting market quality, including challenges in the marketplace, growth opportunities, and IPO capital raising in the global economy. The Zicklin School of Business Financial Markets Series presents the insights emerging from a sequence of conferences hosted by the Zicklin School at Baruch College for industry professionals, regulators, and scholars. Much more than historical documents, the transcripts from the conferences are edited for clarity, perspective and context; material and comments from subsequent interviews with the panelists and speakers are integrated for a complete thematic presentation. Each book is focused on a well delineated topic, but all deliver broader insights into the quality and efficiency of the U.S. equity markets and the dynamic forces changing them.

Research in real estate finance and economics has developed in an exciting way in the past twenty-five years or so. The resulting theoretical and empirical findings are shining a new light on some of the classic mysteries of the real estate markets. It is good to see that a growing proportion of this research output is concerned with contemporary problems and issues regarding the European and Far Eastern property markets.
To stimulate a creative exchange of new ideas and a debate of the latest research findings regarding the global property markets, the Maastricht-Cambridge Real Estate Finance and Investment Symposium was established. This initiative aims at bringing together a number of leading researchers in the field for a short, intensive conference. The 2000 Symposium, which was hosted by Maastricht University in the Netherlands in June of that year, is the first in an annual series of such conferences, which will alternate between Maastricht University and Cambridge University. This book is a compilation of the papers originally presented at the first Maastricht-Cambridge Symposium in 2000.

This book analyzes the tension between the host state's commitment to provide regulatory stability for foreign investors - which is a tool for attracting FDI and generating economic growth - and its evolving non-economic commitments towards its citizens with regard to environmental protection and social welfare. The main thesis is that the 'stabilization clause/regulatory power antinomy,' as it appears in many cases, contradicts the content and rationale of sustainable development, a concept that is increasingly prevalent in national and international law and which aims at the integration and balancing of economic, environmental, and social development. To reconcile this antinomy at the decision-making and dispute settlement levels, the book employs a 'constructive sustainable development approach,' which is based on the integration and reconciliation imperatives of the concept of sustainable development as well as on the application of principles of law such as non-discrimination, public purpose, due process, proportionality, and more generally, good governance and rule of law. It subsequently re-conceptualizes stabilization clauses in terms of their design (ex-ante) and interpretation (ex-post), yielding stability to the benefit of foreign investors, while also mitigating their negative effects on the host state's power to regulate.

This book offers a unique analysis of bilateral investment treaties (BITs). By developing a new, power-focused paradigm for understanding the international investment framework, the author illustrates why there was no paradoxical behaviour when developing countries agreed to the BIT regime, and what has spurred their reaction against it now. She also examines how attempts to regulate investment at a multilateral level have failed, and why the rules of the framework are evolving. Inspired by the work of Susan Strange, Gwynn fills a significant lacuna in our understanding of these issues by demonstrating how power determines the actions of all those involved. This holistic reinterpretation of international investment focuses in particular on Latin America, but has wider implications for the negotiation of new treaties, including such controversial provisions as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership. It will appeal to lawyers, economists, political scientists and scholars of Latin America.

This book systematically explores the effects upon underdeveloped countries of direct foreign investments made by multinational corporations. The author pays particular attention to themes prevalent in the international political economy literature that depict foreign investment as alternately aiding or hindering economic development in the Third World. In constructing his analysis, Rothgeb treats the relationship between the multinational corporation and the underdeveloped host state as a political relationship, demonstrating that the results of foreign investment depend in large part upon the differing strengths of the actors in the relationship and how they use the advantages derived from their power.

Following an introductory chapter which reviews the current status of research on the subject, Rothgeb turns to a consideration of how foreign investments affect host state foreign policy. He then addresses the domestic political and social effects of foreign investment and identifies four basic conceptions of the role played by foreign investment. Finally, Rothgeb focuses on economic growth, analyzing the ways in which multinational firms affect growth via their effects on capital availability, the degree to which the government plays a leading role in managing society, and changes in the composition of the local labor force. The author's conclusions regarding the political effects of foreign investment should be required reading for students of economic development and international relations, as well as for policymakers and executives of multinational firms.

In this volume, leading management experts offer critical insights into the promises and illusions of shareholder empowerment, the discrepancies between theory and practice, and the challenges posed by variations in global corporate governance regimes.

This book aims to overcome the limitations the variations in bank-specifics impose by providing a bank-specific valuation theoretical framework and a new asset-side model. The book includes also a constructive comparison of equity and asset side methods. The authors present a novel framework entitled, the "Asset Mark-down Model". This method incorporates an Adjusted Present Value model, which allows practitioners to identify the main value creation sources of a particular bank: from asset-based cash flow and the mark-down on deposits, to tax benefits on bearing liabilities. Through the implementation of this framework, the authors offer a more accurate and more specific approach to valuing banks.

Professional investors are bombarded on a day to day basis with assertions about the role liquidity is playing and will play in determining prices in the financial markets. Few, if any, of the providers or recipients of such advice can truly claim to understand the well-springs of such liquidity and the transmission mechanisms through which it impacts asset prices.

This groundbreaking new book explores the belief that at the core of liquidity there is a force which exerts individuals to effect a financial transaction when they would not otherwise do so. Understanding this force of compulsion is a key to understanding a financial market when it appears to be behaving irrationally. This book will enable new and seasoned investors to develop an understanding of the factors, so that costly mistakes can be avoided without the lesson of experience.

This book proposes new tools and models to price options, assess market volatility, and investigate the market efficiency hypothesis. In particular, it considers new models for hedge funds and derivatives of derivatives, and adds to the literature of testing for the efficiency of markets both theoretically and empirically.

Sabanes-Oxley is a recent development in US law that will affect both US and non-US firms seeking to comply with corporate governance initiatives. There is particular relevance to the financial services industry not just because of the fundamental applicability of corporate governance to the firms themselves, but because the firms act on behalf of many thousands of institutional shareholders who have similar concerns over both the companies they invest in as well as the duty of their custodians. This means that there are issues of compliance, risk management and fiduciary duty applicable to these firms and to the financial institutions involved in their affairs. McGill and Sheppey illustrate the broader context requiring investors and custodians to meet the regulatory needs of specific jurisdiction and how best to structure overall business models to meet multi-layer legal and operational framework.

'Bainbridge and Henderson have given us one of the most important books on one of the most important contemporary legal issues, the liability of individual and corporate shareholders for corporate debts. There is no issue in corporate law more subject to uncertainty and no issue more likely to be litigated. No single book has ever attempted, much less carried off, the complete historical, international, economic and legal theoretical exegesis of limited liability, which these two authors do with range, depth, confidence and even a bit of panache. This monograph, of crucial interest both to scholars and practitioners, will become an instant classic and an immediate authority.' Stephen B. Presser, Northwestern University and the author of Piercing the Corporate Veil The modern corporation has become central to our society. The key feature of the corporation that makes it such an attractive form of human collaboration is its limited liability. This book explores how allowing those who form the corporation to limit their downside risk and personal liability to only the amount they invest allows for more risks to be taken at a lower cost. This comprehensive economic analysis of the policy debate surrounding the laws governing limited liability examines limited it not only in an American context, but internationally, as the authors consider issues of limited liability in Britain, Europe and Asia. Stephen Bainbridge and M. Todd Henderson begin with an exploration of the history and theory of limited liability, delve into an extended analysis of corporate veil piercing and related doctrines, and conclude with thoughts on possible future reforms. Limited liability in unincorporated entities, reverse veil piercing and enterprise liability are also addressed. This comprehensive book will be of great interest to students and scholars of corporate law. The book will also be an invaluable resource for judges and practitioners.

The book analyzes the stock market developments in all GCC countries, focusing on the recent boom and bust episodes in five out of the seven GCC equity markets -- one of the major events in emerging markets this decade. The lessons from this period will constitute a reference for emerging equity markets for decades to come.

This book tackles the ethical problems of the "Fourth Industrial Revolution" (4IR) and offers readers an overview of the ethical challenges connected to Artificial Intelligence (AI), encryption and the finance industry. It specifically focuses on the situation of females in these industries, from women lawyers, judges, attorneys-at-law, investors and bankers, to portfolio managers, solicitors and civil servants. As the 4IR is more than "just" a technology-driven transformation, this book is a call to policymakers and business leaders to harness new technologies in order to create a more inclusive, human-centered future. It offers many practical cases of proactive change agents, and offers solutions to the ethical challenges in connection with implementing revolutionary disruptive products that often eliminate the intermediary. In addition, the book addresses sustainable finance in startups. In this context, education, training, agility and life-long learning in financial literacy are some of the key solutions highlighted here. The respective contributors supply a diverse range of perspectives, so as to promote a multi-stakeholder approach.

A detailed study of the terms of international loan documentation with comprehensive explanations of the purpose of the provisions and of areas which may require negotiation and with an emphasis on the wording of the Loan Market Association documents. This work covers term loans and revolving credits and includes comparisons of the provisions required for investment grade borrowers, special purpose entities and asset and project based credit risks. It includes discussion of security, due diligence and legal opinions as well as Appendices explaining key issues of English law such as trusts and fiduciary duties; and a glossary of expressions commonly used in this area. The book thus provides a highly practical and comprehensive resource for bankers and lawyers, at all levels of experience, involved in international lending.

Entertainingly written, capturing the tribulations and triumphs of powerful investment bankers, The Elephant Hunters is based on years of in-depth research and hundreds of interviews with leading figures in the world of finance. With the 'Elephant' as the big deal and the 'Hunter' as the moneyman, this book examines the personal qualities and behaviour necessary to join a big name bank, then tracks down what it takes to acquire the kind of wealth that some can only dream of. Given special attention isone of the most powerful hunters of all, the woman -in the trade glowingly termed the 'powerbitch'. Her instinct to track her prey and close the deal is a feat of discipline, intellect and cunning.
If you want to know more about the people who drive our lives and can remould societies, read this book."

This first major book on Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) in Nigeria explores the legal, policy and strategic issues involved in the structuring and execution of PPP projects in Nigeria. The book goes beyond the toolkit approach of other available resources to blend the theoretical analysis of concepts with practical step-by-step guides for consummating projects. The book adopts a multidisciplinary approach by integrating law, economics, finance and project management literature, relying on the author's extensive experience in the field to give clear insights on the PPP concept. The case study methodology employed in the book produces rich and compelling empirical results. This book is suitable for beginners wishing to develop an understanding of the concept, as well as practitioners advising on PPPs. Students and academics wishing to carry out further research on PPPs will also benefit from the book.

In Foreign Direct Investment, Imad A. Moosa presents a survey of the vast body of literature and ideas relating to foreign direct investment that will be invaluable as a reference work for all these groups. He provides concise definition and analysis of the theories behind foreign direct investment, and considers factors affecting its implementation. The impact of foreign direct investment on economic development, host countries and the growth of multinationals, together with methods for evaluating foreign direct investment projects are discussed.

Full coverage of ETF investments from an expert in the field

The initial edition of Gary Gastineau's "The Exchange-Traded Fund Manual" was one of the first books to describe and analyze ETFs. It made the case for the superiority of the structure of investor-friendly ETFs over mutual funds and helped investors select better funds among the ETFs available.

With this new edition," " Gastineau provides comprehensive information on the latest developments in ETF structures, new portfolio variety, and new trading methods. With a realistic evaluation of today's indexes, Gastineau offers insights on actively managed ETFs, improved index funds, and fund and advisor selection.Discusses how to incorporate ETFs into an investment planOffers updated coverage of new ETFs, including full-function actively managed ETFs, and a valuable chapter on trading ETFsWritten by the leading authority on exchange traded funds

Exchange-traded funds offer you diversification and participation in markets and investment strategies that have not been available to most investors. If you want to understand how to use ETFs effectively, the "Second Edition" of "The Exchanged-Traded Fund Manual" can show you how.

This study systematically investigates the degree to which international economic linkages are related to domestic political conflict in developing countries. In the years since World War II, the interconnections among the members of the international system have multiplied rapidly, and the resulting dependence and interdependence has reached the point where many scholars and political leaders believe that these ties have profound implications for the political environments within the affected countries. This analysis, therefore, seeks to develop a greater theoretical understanding of the means by which international forces, specifically foreign investment, affect the domestic political scene in developing countries, and to provide policymakers and investors with a firmer foundation for the decisions and investments they make.