Frequent instances of intervention in current world affairs have threatened the status of nonintervention as a rule of international relations. Gathering evidence from history, law, sociology, and political science, R. J. Vincent concludes that the principle of nonintervention can and must remain viable. The author approaches the question from several angles, seeking to discover why the principle of nonintervention has been asserted as part of the law of nations; whether states in the past and present have conducted their foreign relations according to the principle of nonintervention; and what function the principle performs in the society formed between states. The author examines the principle of nonintervention through examples taken from contemporary world politics, focusing on its role in the doctrine and practice of the Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Nations. He argues that, despite the erosion of the order of sovereign states, the arrival of nuclear response weapons, all-enveloping ideological conflict, and transnational relationships that diminish the significance of state frontiers, the principle of nonintervention continues to contribute to the international order. Originally published in 1974. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Effective persuasion is an art; an art which can be learned and perfected with practice and insight into human behaviour. This innovative book, written for lawyers and those interested in the science of persuasion in a legal setting, is the first to explain how key concepts from psychology, sociology, and communication science can be productively applied to the art of persuasion in international dispute resolution. Whilst success in arbitration relies upon knowledge of the law, sound judgment, and intelligence, it is also increasingly recognized that it is dependent upon the ability to effectively communicate with other people in order to convince them of a particular point of view. These are skills that can be acquired and enhanced over time with practice and experience. The focus of this book is to provide practitioners with insights and applications of the behavioural sciences that can assist in the development of those key skills associated with success in arbitration. Starting with an overview of the important elements of the psychology of persuasion, the book then provides recommendations and examples of how the information can be effectively utilized, with a view to providing a practical and pragmatic treatment of ideas and techniques of persuasion that lawyers can employ to enhance their advocacy skills. Prominent arbitrators from around the globe provide observations and anecdotes from their own arbitration experiences that offer context and provide the reader with fascinating insights into the experiences of some of the world's leading arbitrators. Taken together, the structure and analysis, backed up with real-world examples, gives readers the tools to gain "the edge" when it comes to using negotiation in their dispute resolution practice.

As communities struggle to make sense of mass atrocities, expectations have increasingly been placed on international criminal courts to render authoritative historical accounts of episodes of mass violence. Taking these expectations as its point of departure, this book seeks to understand international criminal courts through the prism of their historical function. The book critically examines how such courts confront the past by constructing historical narratives concerning both the culpability of the accused on trial and the broader mass atrocity contexts in which they are alleged to have participated. The book argues that international criminal courts are host to struggles for historical justice, discursive contests between different actors vying for judicial acknowledgement of their interpretations of the past. By examining these struggles within different institutional settings, the book uncovers the legitimating qualities of international criminal judgments. In particular, it illuminates what tends to be foregrounded and included within, as well as marginalised and excluded from, the narratives of international criminal courts in practice. What emerges from this account is a sense of the significance of thinking about the emancipatory limits and possibilities of international criminal courts in terms of the historical narratives that are constructed and contested within and beyond the courtroom.

Based on the author's Hague Lectures on ICSID, this book on ICSID and the ICSID Convention provides a detailed introduction to the worlds leading institution devoted to international investment dispute settlement. Fully up-to-date as of mid-2019, the book presents a full and accessible picture of an increasingly important dispute settlement mechanism. The author delves into the origins and evolutions of the Convention and Centre and its jurisdiction, then navigates the reader through the process of arbitration proceedings under the Convention, applicable law, and the enforcement of Convention awards. The author also discusses efforts to reform international investment dispute settlement in general and ICSID arbitration in particular. ICSID: An Introduction to the Convention and Centre is an authoritative, essential guide for students, practitioners, policymakers, investors, NGO activists, and journalists with an interest in investor-state dispute settlement.

The Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre (HKIAC) is one of the world's most highly sophisticated arbitration institutions, with a continuously growing annual caseload. Now in its second edition, this detailed commentary with its insider's perspective has firmly established itself as the leading, authoritative guide to the HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules. The text has been updated to capture over 1,000 new cases since 2017. It begins with an introduction to the HKIAC, including a history with statistics and details of other services provided by the HKIAC. The commentary then examines each article of the Rules in depth, drawing on the authors' years of experience administering arbitrations under earlier HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules (2008 & 2013), and highlighting changes introduced by the 2018 Rules, including provisions on online dispute resolution, the use of technology for the determination of the arbitral process, use of alternative dispute resolution techniques, early determination of proceedings, and concurrent proceedings. Offering practical guidance, the book makes reference to the Hong Kong Arbitration Ordinance as well as drawing comparisons with other institutional rules and the UNCITRAL Model Rules to emphasize key issues to consider when drafting an arbitral clause or strategizing over the conduct of an arbitration. Benefiting from the authors' previous experience with the HKIAC and with the support of the HKIAC Secretariat and other members of the HKIAC Rules Revision Committee, the book examines examples of anonymised cases handled at the HKIAC, and also discusses various issues arising from arbitrations involving mainland parties or enforcing arbitration awards in mainland China. In particular, the book details HKIAC's experience in handling applications under the new Interim Measures Arrangement between Mainland China and Hong Kong. The appendices include relevant supporting documents including recommended HKIAC Arbitration Clauses, the HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules (2018), the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 2010, the amended Hong Kong Arbitration Ordinance, and updated practice notes and statistics.

While the EU agencies that have been granted the power to adopt binding decisions are a diverse group, they at least share one feature: in all of them an organisationally separate administrative review body, i.e. a board of appeal, has been established. The review procedures before these boards must be exhausted before private parties can seize the EU courts and the boards therefore all fulfil a similar function: filtering cases before they end up before the courts and providing parties by expert-driven review. Sharing this common function as well as some common features, the boards of appeal of the different agencies remain heterogenous in their set up and functioning. This raises a host of questions from both a theoretic and practical perspective which this volume analyses in depth: how do the boards function, which kind of review do they offer, and how should they be conceptualized in the EU's overall system of legal protection against administrative action? To answer these questions, the volume's first part presents a series of case studies, covering all the EU boards of appeal currently in existence, while a second part looks into the horizontal issues raised by the phenomenon of the boards of appeal.

This book outlines the principles behind the international law of foreign investment. The main focus is on the law governed by bilateral and multilateral investment treaties. It traces the purpose, context, and evolution of the clauses and provisions characteristic of contemporary investment treaties, and analyses the case law, interpreting the issues raised by standard clauses. Particular consideration is given to broad treaty-rules whose understanding in practice has mainly been shaped by their interpretation and application by international tribunals. In addition, the book introduces the dispute settlement mechanisms for enforcing investment law, outlining the operation of Investor-State arbitration. Combining a systematic analytical study of the texts and principles underlying investment law with a jurisprudential analysis of the case law arising in international tribunals, this book offers an ideal introduction to the principles of international investment law and arbitration, for students, scholars, and practitioners alike.

Opposite pages bear duplicate numbering

Opposite pages bear duplicate numbering

International courts and tribunals differ in their institutional composition and functions, but a shared characteristic is their reliance on the contribution of individuals other than the judicial decision-makers themselves. Such 'unseen actors' may take the form of registrars and legal officers, but also non-lawyers such as translators and scientific experts. Unseen actors are vital to the functioning of international adjudication, exerting varying levels of influence on judicial processes and outcomes. The opaqueness of their roles, combined with the significance of judicial decisions for the parties involved as well as a wider range of stakeholders, raises questions about unseen actors' impact on the legitimacy of international dispute settlement. This book aims to answer such legitimacy questions and identify 'best practices' through a multifaceted enquiry into common connections and patterns in the institutional composition and daily practice of international courts and tribunals.

The application of international law by domestic courts has gained increasing attention in recent years. In an ever-more interconnected world, domestic courts now make reference to judgments by foreign courts when faced with similar or identical legal problems involving international law. Their judgments see increasing recognition of their pivotal role in shaping and interpreting international law. Understanding them will be of use for any practitioner and scholar in international law. International Law in Domestic Courts, Oxford's online collection of domestic court decisions which apply international law, has been providing scholars with at-your-fingertips access to analysis and commentary for more than a decade. First established in 2006, it now includes over 1,700 judgments of cases involving international law-related aspects from nearly 100 countries and continues to expand. This Casebook is the perfect companion, presenting a selection of the most important cases along with a commentary to give a holistic overview of the use of international law in national courts, and how the jurisprudence has developed international law itself. Practitioners, students, and academics will find this an invaluable resource when faced with the complex questions of applying international law in domestic courts.

Since the adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in 1998, international criminal law has rapidly grown in importance. This second edition of the first volume of an acclaimed three-volume Treatise on International Criminal Law deals with the foundations and general part of international criminal law, and general principles of international criminal justice. Taking into account the scholarly literature, not only sources written in English but also in French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish, the book draws on the author's extensive academic work and practical experience in international criminal law. This second edition of the authoritative volume has been completely revised, updated, and rewritten in some parts. These comprehensive updates ensure that Kai Ambos' Treatise remains an indispensable reference work for academics and practitioners of international criminal law.

Emergency Arbitration is the first work of its kind to provide clear and authoritative guidance on the practice and theory of this increasingly utilized procedure. By examining the leading emergency arbitration rules, the book identifies a common procedural framework for the commencement, conduct, and decision-making process in an emergency arbitration. This framework is developed through the articulation of 'The Fifteen Principles of Emergency Arbitration'. These are aimed at giving parties greater control and certainty in bringing and defending applications for emergency measures. The book combines a practical approach, including the use of flowcharts and tables, with in-depth analysis of important issues arising in emergency arbitration. These include the status of the emergency arbitrator; the relationship between the emergency arbitrator, the arbitral tribunal, and courts; the role of the seat of emergency arbitration; applicable laws and transnational standards; due process requirements; the enforceability of decisions; and use of the procedure in investment treaty arbitration. Emergency Arbitration is thus a vital companion to those contemplating, or facing, an emergency arbitration.

The right to self-determination is renowned for its lack of clear interpretation. Broadly speaking, one can differentiate between a 'classic' and a 'romantic' tradition. In modern international law, the balance between these two opposing traditions is sought in an attempt to contain or 'domesticate' the romantic version by limiting it to 'abnormal' situations, that is cases of 'alien subjugation, domination and exploitation'. This book situates Russia's engagement with the right to self-determination in this debate. It shows that Russia follows a distinct approach to self-determination that diverges significantly from the consensus view in international state practice and scholarship, partly due to a lasting legacy of the former Soviet doctrine of international law. Against the background of the Soviet Union's role in the evolution of the right to self-determination, the bulk of the study analyses Russia's relevant state practice in the post-Soviet space through the prisms of sovereignty, secession, and annexation. Drawing on analysis of all seven major secessionist conflicts in the former Soviet space and a detailed study of Russian sources and scholarship, it traces how Russian engagement with self-determination has changed over the past three decades. Ultimately, the book argues that Russia's approach to the right of peoples to self-determination should not only be understood in terms of power politics disguised as legal rhetoric but in terms of a continuously assumed regional hegemony and exceptionalism, based on balance-of-power considerations.

This is a book about international criminal justice written by one of its foremost practitioners and academic thinkers, Judge Theodor Meron. For two decades, Judge Meron has been at the heart of the international criminal justice system, serving as President of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), President of the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals, and a Judge of the Appeals Chambers of the ICTY and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. Drawing on this experience, and his life and career before serving as an international judge, Judge Meron reflects on some of the key questions facing the international criminal justice system. In the opening chapter, Judge Meron writes vividly about his childhood experiences in Poland during World War II, his education, career with the Israeli Foreign Ministry, and subsequent move into academia in the United States. The book continues with Meron's reflections on what it means to transform from a law professor into an international criminal judge, and shifts focus to the criminal courtroom, addressing topics such as the judicial function, the rule of law, and the principle of fairness in trying atrocity crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. Judge Meron discusses judicial independence and impartiality in international criminal courts, shedding light on the mystery of judicial decision-making and deliberations. Notably, he addresses the controversial subjects of acquittals and the early release of prisoners. Although acquittals are often seen as a failure of international justice, Judge Meron argues that legal principle must come before any extraneous purpose, however desirable that purpose may be. Finally, the book looks ahead at the challenges facing the future of international justice and accountability, and discusses the all-important question: does international criminal justice work?

Written by an incumbent Judge of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, this volume in the Elements of International Law series shows why a stable legal regime governing the uses and management of the oceans is such an important feature of international relations. Providing a fresh, objective, and non-argumentative approach to the discipline of international law, the Elements series is an accessible go-to source for practicing international lawyers, judges and arbitrators, government and military officers, scholars, teachers, and students. In seven incisive chapters, Judge Kittichaisaree provides a clear overview of the organization and structure of the Tribunal and explores the various dispute mechanisms and advisory opinions that lie at the heart of its jurisprudence. He further guides readers through ITLOS' intended role as the main dispute settlement mechanism for the international law of the sea. With first-hand experience and detailed analysis of the relevant instruments and prominent cases, he sheds light on the inner workings of the Tribunal, providing an accessible and invaluable resource for students and practitioners alike. The final chapter concludes by considering ITLOS' place in the settlement of future disputes in the law of the sea.

Investment treaties grant special international protection to foreign investors, and give them a means to enforce those rights against States in which they have invested. This book systematically examines the law of international investment treaties, particularly with respect to its origins, structure, content, and effects. Although the precise provisions of investment treaties are not uniform, virtually all investment treaties address the same issues. This book examines those issues in detail, including the scope of application, conditions for the entry of foreign investment, and general standards of treatment of foreign investments. Investment treaty law has continued to evolve rapidly and dramatically since publication of the second edition of this work in 2015. The field has seen considerable growth in the number and scope of investment treaties, now estimated at 3300, and investor-state arbitrations cases, which reached over 1000 in 2020. The field has also experienced significant changes and reforms. In 2018, eleven Pacific Basin Countries, despite the withdrawal of the United States, forged ahead to conclude the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTTP), a potentially far reaching regional trade and investment agreement. The next year, the three north American nations replaced the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). And in 2020, European Union member states terminated over 100 intra-EU BITs, leaving intra-EU investors to rely on EU law and legal processes alone for protection from unfavourable government acts. This edition of The Law of Investment Treaties incorporates a consideration of all of these and other reforms into its analysis of the body of law created by investment treaties since World War II.

Russian Arbitration Law and Practice provides a comprehensive and practical analysis of Russian arbitration law of post-2015 reform. After addressing issues such as arbitrability, arbitration clauses, arbitral procedure, the book looks into the way Russian courts apply arbitration law when Russian parties seek to set aside unfavourable awards and when foreign parties seek to have awards enforced against Russian parties. The book provides guidance to Russian arbitration law in operation, drawing on the authors own practical insight and experience. The author offers a comprehensive description of the relevant areas of Russian law including procedural law, mandatory rules, and the most relevant public regulations that influence recognition and enforceability of an award in Russia. It highlights problematic areas for due diligence of potential Russian business partners, serving the purpose of avoiding future disputes. The book also deals with court procedures in Russia (injunctions, parallel proceedings, etc.) that may affect arbitral proceedings. The issues of recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards in Russia and challenging arbitral awards in Russia are also covered. A section is devoted to particularities of arbitral proceedings at ICAC, Russia's most popular arbitral institution, and to arbitration proceedings with its seat in Russia.

Written by an incumbent Judge of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, this volume in the Elements of International Law series shows why a stable legal regime governing the uses and management of the oceans is such an important feature of international relations. Providing a fresh, objective, and non-argumentative approach to the discipline of international law, the Elements series is an accessible go-to source for practicing international lawyers, judges and arbitrators, government and military officers, scholars, teachers, and students. In seven incisive chapters, Judge Kittichaisaree provides a clear overview of the organization and structure of the Tribunal and explores the various dispute mechanisms and advisory opinions that lie at the heart of its jurisprudence. He further guides readers through ITLOS' intended role as the main dispute settlement mechanism for the international law of the sea. With first-hand experience and detailed analysis of the relevant instruments and prominent cases, he sheds light on the inner workings of the Tribunal, providing an accessible and invaluable resource for students and practitioners alike. The final chapter concludes by considering ITLOS' place in the settlement of future disputes in the law of the sea.

The practice of international litigation has been transformed in recent decades. Central to the development of international litigation as a field has been the remarkable career of Lord Collins: scholar, practitioner, judge and arbitrator. In this collection in his honour, inspired by Collinss own late 20th Century classic Essays in International Litigation and the Conflict of Laws (OUP 1994), Jonathan Harris and Campbell McLachlan present the research of sixteen jurists of international renown. They offer a fresh appraisal of key developments across the field: from climate litigation to offshore trusts, the impact of Brexit and the new tools for international judicial cooperation. Organised into five parts, the book offers a set of unique insights into the conduct of cross-border litigation; the judicial role in international cases; the shape of English private international law; the conduct of international arbitration; and the interface with public international law. As a whole, the book offers the opportunity to reflect on the deeper purposes of international litigation in the pursuit of comity.

Judge Mettraux's four-volume compendium, International Crimes: Law and Practice, will provide the most detailed and authoritative account to-date of the law of international crimes. It is a scholarly tour de force providing a unique blend of academic rigour and an insight into the practice of international criminal law. The compendium is un-rivalled in its breadth and depth, covering almost a century of legal practice, dozens of jurisdictions (national and international), thousands of decisions and judgments and hundreds of cases. This second volume discusses in detail crimes against humanity.

During the 1980s, thousands of Chadian citizens were detained, tortured, and raped by then-President Hissene Habre's security forces. Decades later, Habre was finally prosecuted for his role in these atrocities not in his own country or in The Hague, but across the African continent, at the Extraordinary African Chambers in Senegal. By some accounts, Habre's trial and conviction by a specially built court in Dakar is the most significant achievement of global criminal justice in the past decade. Simply creating a court and commencing a trial against a deposed head of state was an extraordinary success. With its 2016 judgment, affirmed on appeal in 2017, the hybrid tribunal in Senegal exceeded expectations, working to deadlines and within its budget, with no murdered witnesses or self-dealing officials. This book details and contextualizes the Habre trial. It presents the trial and its impact using a novel structure of first-person accounts from 26 direct actors (Part I), accompanied by academic analysis from leading experts on international criminal justice (Part II). Combined, these views present both local and international perspectives through distinct but inter-locking parts: empirical source material from understudied actors both within and outside the court is then contextualized with expert analysis that reflects on the construction and work of: the Extraordinary African Chamber (EAC) as well as wider themes of international criminal law. Together with an introduction laying out the work and significance of the EAC and its trial of Hissene Habre, the book is a comprehensive consideration of a history-making trial.

The Crisis behind the Euro-Crisis encourages dialogue among scholars across the social sciences in an attempt to challenge the narrative that regarded the Euro-crisis as an exceptional event. It is suggested instead that the Euro-crisis, along with the subsequent crises the EU has come to face, was merely symptomatic of deeper systemic cracks. This book's aim is to uncover that hidden systemic crisis - the 'crisis behind the Euro-crisis'. Under this reading it emerges that what needs to be questioned is not only the allegedly purely economic character of the Euro-crisis, but, more fundamentally, its very classification as an 'emergency'. Instead, the Euro-crisis needs to be regarded as expressive of a chronic, dysfunctional, but 'normal' condition of the EU. By following this line of analysis, this book illuminates not only the causes of contemporary turbulences in the European project, but perhaps the 'true' nature of the EU itself.

This book provides the first in-depth and empirically grounded analysis of the foundations and evolution of the four Latin American and Caribbean regional economic courts: the Central American Court of Justice (CACJ), the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ), the Andean Tribunal of Justice (ATJ), and the Mercosur Permanent Review Court (MPRC). While these Courts were established to build common markets and to enforce trade liberalisation, they have often developed bodies of jurisprudence in domains not directly associated with regional economic integration. The CCJ has been most successful in the area of human and fundamental rights; the CACJ has addressed issues related to the enforcement of the rule of law in national legal arenas and longstanding border disputes between the countries of the region; and the ATJ is an island of effective adjudication on intellectual property issues. The particular trajectories of these four Courts suggest that there is no universal formula for success. Challenging the mainstream account, this book argues that the Courts' operational path is not necessarily a function of their formally delegated competences or the will of the Member States. Rather, local socio-political contextual factors play a far more decisive role in influencing the direction of regional economic courts during and after their establishment.

The European Court of Human Rights, by Angelika Nussberger is the first title in a new series, The Elements of International Law. Providing a fresh, objective, and non-argumentative approach to the discipline of international law, this series is an accessible go-to source for practicing international lawyers, judges and arbitrators, government and military officers, scholars, teachers, and students. In this volume, Professor Nussberger explores the Court's uniqueness as an international adjudicatory body in the light of its history, structure, and procedure, as well as its key doctrines and case law. This book also shows the role played by the Court in the development of modern international law and human rights law. Tracing the history of the Court from its political context in the 1940s to the present day, Nussberger engages with pressing questions about its origins and internal workings. What was the best model for such an international organization? How should it evolve within more and more diverse legal cultures? How does a case move among different decision-making bodies? These questions help frame the six parts of the book, whilst the final section reflects on the past successes and failures of the Court, shedding light on possible future directions.