In November 2007 Adam Moore was conducting fieldwork in Mostar
when the southern Bosnian city was rocked by two days of violent
clashes between Croat and Bosniak youth. It was not the city's only
experience of ethnic conflict in recent years. Indeed, Mostar s
problems are often cited as emblematic of the failure of
international efforts to overcome deep divisions that continue to
stymie the postwar peace process in Bosnia. Yet not all of Bosnia
has been plagued by such troubles. Mostar remains mired in distrust
and division, but the Brcko District in the northeast corner of the
country has become a model of what Bosnia could be. Its multiethnic
institutions operate well compared to other municipalities, and are
broadly supported by those who live there; it also boasts the only
fully integrated school system in the country. What accounts for
the striking divergence in postwar peacebuilding in these two
towns?
Moore argues that a conjunction of four factors explains the
contrast in outcomes in Mostar and Brcko: The design of political
institutions, the sequencing of political and economic reforms,
local and regional legacies from the war, and the practice and
organization of international peacebuilding efforts in the two
towns. Differences in the latter, in particular, have profoundly
shaped relations between local political elites and international
officials. Through a grounded analysis of localized peacebuilding
dynamics in these two cities Moore generates a powerful argument
concerning the need to rethink how peacebuilding is done that is, a
shift in the habitus or culture that governs international
peacebuilding activities and priorities today."
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