The cult of relics, encouraged by, among others, the emperor
Constantine, Pope Damasus and the bishops Ambrose of Milan and
Paulinus of Nola, led to the transformation of the Late Antique
Italian landscape, and of suburban areas in particular. The process
of gradual enhancement of the martyrs' tombs led to the creation of
extensive sanctuaries, generally composed of funerary and cultic
buildings, as well as service structures, pilgrims' lodgings and
monasteries. The most important sanctuaries, such as those of
Saints Peter in the Vatican, Paul on the Ostiense, Erasmus in
Formia, Alexander in Nomentum, Felix in Cimitile, Gennaro in
Naples, Felix in Venosa, Marcianus in Syracuse, and the Apostles in
Concordia Sagittaria, became so popular that they justified
Jerome's phrase: movetur urbs sedibus suis et currit ad martyrum
tumulos. Between the 5th and 6th century, sanctuaries spread also
in rural areas, usually along important roads, as documented by the
site of San Canzian d'Isonzo. Analysing hypogeal and subdial
contexts, Santuari e spazi confessionali nell'Italia tardoantica
outlines the evolution of loca sancta, in a process that led the
venerated tombs to become first memoriae, then places of worship
and finally articulated sanctuaries. For the first time, the
contexts of Rome are organically compared with those of the rest of
Italy.
General
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