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History of Mathematics - A Supplement (Hardcover, 2008 ed.)
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History of Mathematics - A Supplement (Hardcover, 2008 ed.)
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This book attempts to fill two gaps which exist in the standard
textbooks on the History of Mathematics. One is to provide the
students with material that could encourage more critical thinking.
General textbooks, attempting to cover three thousand or so years
of mathematical history, must necessarily oversimplify just about
everything, the practice of which can scarcely promote a critical
approach to the subject. For this, I think a more narrow but deeper
coverage of a few select topics is called for. The second aim is to
include the proofs of important results which are typically
neglected in the modern history of mathematics curriculum. The most
obvious of these is the oft-cited necessity of introducing complex
numbers in applying the algebraic solution of cubic equations. This
solution, though it is now relegated to courses in the History of
Mathematics, was a major occurrence in our history. It was the
first substantial piece of mathematics in Europe that was not a
mere extension of what the Greeks had done and thus signified the
coming of age of European mathematics. The fact that the solution,
in the case of three distinct real roots to a cubic, necessarily
involved complex numbers both made inevitable the acceptance and
study of these numbers and provided a stimulus for the development
of numerical approximation methods. Unique features include: * a
prefatory essay on the ways in which sources may be unreliable,
followed by an annotated bibliography; * a new approach to the
historical development of the natural numbers, which was only
settled in the 19th century; * construction problems of antiquity,
with a proof that the angle cannot be trisected nor the
cubeduplicated by ruler and compass alone; * a modern recounting of
a Chinese word problem from the 13th century, illustrating the need
for consulting multiple sources when the primary source is
unavailable; * multiple proofs of the cubic equation, including the
proof that the algebraic solution uses complex numbers whenever the
cubic equation has three distinct real solutions; * a critical
reappraisal of Horner's Method; The final chapter contains lighter
material, including a critical look at North Korea's stamps
commemorating the 350th birthday of Newton, historically
interesting (and hard to find) poems, and humorous song lyrics with
mathematical themes. The appendix outlines a few small projects
which could serve as replacements for the usual term papers.
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