N eurotoxicology is a broad and burgeoning field of research. Its
growth in recent years can be related, in part, to increased
interest in and concern with the fact that a growing number of
anthropogenic agents with neurotoxic potential, including
pesticides, 1ead, mercury, and the polytypic byproducts of
combustion and industrial production, continue to be spewed into
and accumulate in the environment. In addition, there is great
interest in natural products, including toxins, as sources of
therapeutic agents. Indeed, it is well known that many natural
toxins ofbroadly differing structure, produced or accumulated for
predatory or defensive purposes, and toxic agents, accumulated
incidentalIy by numerous species, function to perturb nervous
tissue. Components of some of these toxins have been shown to be
useful therapeutic agents and/or research reagents. Unfor of some
neurotoxicants of anthropogenic ori tunately, the environmental
accumulation gin, expecialIy pesticides and metals, has resulted in
incidents ofhuman poisoning, some of epidemic proportion, and high
levels of morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, an increasing
incidence of neurobehavioral disorders, some with baffling
symptoms, is confronting clinicians. It is not clear whether this
is merely the re suit of increased vigi lance and/or improved
diagnostics or a consequence of improved health care. In any case,
the role of exposure to environmental and occupational
neurotoxicants in the etiology of these phenomena, as well as
neurodegenerative diseases, is coming under increasing scrutiny and
investigation.
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