Since the end of the Korean War, an estimated 200,000 children from
South Korea have been adopted into white families in North America,
Europe, and Australia. While these transnational adoptions were
initiated as an emergency measure to find homes for mixed-race
children born in the aftermath of the war, the practice grew
exponentially from the 1960s through the 1980s. At the height of
South Korea's "economic miracle," adoption became an
institutionalized way of dealing with poor and illegitimate
children. Most of the adoptees were raised with little exposure to
Koreans or other Korean adoptees, but as adults, through global
flows of communication, media, and travel, they have come into
increasing contact with each other, Korean culture, and the South
Korean state. Since the 1990s, as Korean children have continued to
leave to be adopted in the West, a growing number of adult adoptees
have been returning to Korea to seek their cultural and biological
origins. In this fascinating ethnography, Eleana J. Kim examines
the history of Korean adoption, the emergence of a distinctive
adoptee collective identity, and adoptee returns to Korea in
relation to South Korean modernity and globalization. Kim draws on
interviews with adult adoptees, social workers, NGO volunteers,
adoptee activists, scholars, and journalists in the U.S., Europe,
and South Korea, as well as on observations at international
adoptee conferences, regional organization meetings, and
government-sponsored motherland tours.
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