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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Philosophy of mind
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Perspectival Thought - A Plea for (Moderate) Relativism (Hardcover, New)
Loot Price: R1,741
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Perspectival Thought - A Plea for (Moderate) Relativism (Hardcover, New)
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Our thought and talk are situated. They do not take place in a
vacuum but always in a context, and they always concern an external
situation relative to which they are to be evaluated. Since that is
so, Francois Recanati argues, our linguistic and mental
representations alike must be assigned two layers of content: the
explicit content, or lekton, is relative and perspectival, while
the complete content, which is absolute, involves contextual
factors in addition to what is explicitly represented. Far from
reducing to the context-independent meaning of the sentence-type
or, in the psychological realm, to the "narrow" content of mental
representations, the lekton is a level intermediate between
context-invariant meaning and full propositional content.
Recognition of that intermediate level is the key to a proper
understanding of context-dependence in language and thought.
Going beyond the usual discussions of indexicality and
unarticulated constituents in the philosophy of language, Recanati
turns to the philosophy of mind for decisive arguments in favour of
his approach. He shows, first, that the lekton is the notion of
content we need if we are to properly understand the relations
between perception, memory, and the imagination, and second, that
the psychological 'mode' is what determines the situation the
lekton is relative to. In this framework he provides a detailed
account of de se thought and the first person point of view. In the
last part of the book, Recanati discusses the special freedom we
have, in discourse and thought, to shift the situation of
evaluation. He traces that freedom to a special mode--the anaphoric
mode--which enables us to go beyond the egocentric stage
ofpre-human thought.
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